Alcoholic Liver Disease
The main factor involved in causing the encephalopathy is an increase in ammonia levels in the brain.[netdoctor.co.uk]
Examples include: Hepatic encephalopathy: Increased ammonia levels due to the liver's inability to process and metabolize proteins in the diet can cause confusion, lethargy[medicinenet.com]
[…] estradiol; impotence (erectile dysfunction, ED), poor sex drive and shrinking testicles are due to decrease in function of sex hormones; confusion and lethargy may occur if ammonia[medicinenet.com]
Toxic Liver Disease
Abnormal cell function in the liver means ammonia levels increase in the blood.[livestrong.com]
High amounts of ammonia affect the brain resulting in confusion, brain damage, coma and can cause death.[livestrong.com]
According to the National Institutes of Health, the normal range of ammonia in the blood is between 15 and 45mcg/dL.[livestrong.com]
Hyperammonemia Type 3
As has been indicated above, the central nervous system is most sensitive to increased concentrations of ammonia.[symptoma.com]
Ammonia levels may be factitiously increased if the tourniquet is too tight for a long period.[ebmconsult.com]
Hyperammonemia Treatment The treatment of Hyperammonemia aims at restricting the intake of ammonia as well as increasing its excretion.[primehealthchannel.com]
Hyperornithinemia-Hyperammonemia-Homocitrullinuria Syndrome
Blood ammonia increased from high normal values to 975, 990, and 750 mumol/liter (normal less than 70) and urinary orotic acid from trace to 539, 494, and 1296 mumol/mmol[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Increased levels of ammonia, ornithine and homocitrulline were demonstrated in blood and cerebrospinal fluid.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
While ammonia in plasma was not increased the supply of citrulline or arginine led to a reduction of plasma glutamine compared to ornithine supplement or to no supplement[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Propionic Acidemia
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to determine whether N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) reduces plasma levels of ammonia and glutamine and increases the rate of ureagenesis[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
increasing, rather than decreasing with increasing ammonia levels.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Supplementation of branched-chain amino acids, isoleucine (5mM) and valine (5mM) in the medium, resulted in increased ammonia and decreased urea in the PA patient hepatocyte[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase Deficiency
They may rapidly progress to respiratory alkalosis as ammonia increases with cerebral edema, seizures, loss of reflexes, hypothermia, apnea, and coma.[clinicaladvisor.com]
Biochemically, a highly elevated blood ammonia level was found together with an increased plasma level of the amino acids mainly involved in ammonia detoxication.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
The central nervous system is most sensitive to increased levels of ammonia and patients suffering from CPSI deficiency thus present with hyperammonemic encephalopathy.[symptoma.com]
Urea Cycle Disorder
An increased level of ammonia in the bloodstream, or hyperammonemia, is a symptom associated with metabolic disorders referred to as inborn errors of metabolism.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
[…] blood ammonia level * Failure to thrive * Constant infant crying * Agitation * Hyperactive behavior * Self-injury * Screaming * Dislike of eating meat * Dislike of eating[checkorphan.org]
Hyper ammonemia occurs as a result of increased levels of ammonia and once this toxic substance reaches the brain, it can cause irreversible impairment, coma or even death[medindia.net]
Isovaleric Acidemia
[…] intracranial pressure attention to “sweaty foot” body odor Labs Blood – venous blood gas for blood pH – electrolytes, measured CO2, glucose – blood ammonia (**draw WITHOUT[newenglandconsortium.org]
Symptoms are triggered by any minor illness; protein diet results in increased levels of isovaleric acid.[ijaweb.org]
[…] levels of acidic substances in the blood, called metabolic acidosis high levels of ammonia in the blood ketones in the urine low platelets low level of white blood cells[newbornscreening.info]
Common Cold
After logistic-regression analysis, however, an age of less than five years and a serum ammonia level above 45 μg per deciliter remained significantly associated with an increased[nejm.org]
[…] of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, or ammonia in serum.[nejm.org]
The encephalopathy must be associated with either fatty metamorphosis of the liver, diagnosed by biopsy or at autopsy, or a tripling (or a greater increase) in the levels[nejm.org]
Hyperammonemia
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Increased skeletal muscle ammonia uptake with loss of muscle mass adversely affects clinical outcomes in cirrhosis.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Various therapies, including those to decrease ammonia generation, increase nitrogen excretion, and several dialytic methods for removing ammonia have been tried.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Despite the administration of a lactulose enema, the patient's serum ammonia level increased and he remained confused, leading us to initiate acute hemodialysis.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]