Anemia & Hepatitis D Virus: Causes & Reasons

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Patient File

Sex unknown, Age unknown

Reported Symptoms

Anemia, Hepatitis D Virus,

Negated

None

Unsure

None

Possible Causes

Hepatitis B

Peripheral blood examination revealed anemia, macrocytosis and severe thrombocytopenia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Individuals coinfected with its satellite hepatitis D virus (HDV) have more severe disease. Cellular entry of both viruses is mediated by HBV envelope proteins. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] evidence of a causal association between receipt of hepatitis B vaccine and neonatal sepsis or death, rheumatoid arthritis, Bell’s palsy, autoimmune thyroid disease, hemolytic anemia [doi.org]

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Viral Hepatitis

Ribavirin side effects may be more prominent, and include anemia, skin problems, or breathing problems. Difficulties with sleeping may also be seen with ribavirin. [patients.gi.org]

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Year : 2013 Volume : 31 Issue : 3 Page : 261-265 Prevalence of hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, hepatitis D virus and hepatitis E [ijmm.org]

HPV-B19 DNA has been found in liver samples from 67% of patients with non-A and non-E FHF and aplastic anemia, in 50% of patients with cryptogenic FHF without aplastic anemia [doi.org]

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Third Trimester Pregnancy

RESULTS: Anemia developed in 45 (10.3%) of the remaining 437 women. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hepatitis B and pregnancy: an underestimated issue. Liver Int 2009; 29(Suppl 1):S133–S139. 2. Lavanchy D. [ekjm.org]

[…] in the puerperium ( O90.81 ) postpartum anemia NOS ( O90.81 ) Anemia complicating pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium ICD-10-CM O99.013 is grouped within Diagnostic [icd10data.com]

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Influenza

Abstract Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a disease characterized by thrombotic microangiopathy with a triad of non-immune hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and renal [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Denis B, Chirio D, Ponscarme D, et al. Hepatitis Rebound after Infection with Yellow Fever Virus. [cdc.gov]

anemia, sickle cell anemia) neurologic and neurodevelopmental disorders that affect their ability to swallow and breathe morbid obesity (BMI of 40 or higher) residents [medbroadcast.com]

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Liver Cirrhosis

Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a widely used marker of glycemic control but can be affected by hemolytic anemia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Chronic hepatitis B, C and D The hepatitis B virus is probably the most common cause of cirrhosis worldwide. [health24.com]

In cirrhotic patients, lipoprotein impairment is associated with several complications: infections, malnutrition, adrenal function, and spur cell anemia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Cryoglobulinemia

A 76-year-old woman was diagnosed with chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection (CAEBV) with sustained fever, anemia, numbness of the lower limbs, and liver dysfunction [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Saadoun D. Hepatitis C virus-induced vasculitis: therapeutic options.Ann Rheum Dis. 2014; 73: 24-30 Saadoun D. Resche-Rigon M. Thibault V. Piette J.C. Cacoub P. [amjmed.com]

Tolerance to the pegylated IFN/ribavirin regimen was not excellent due to the occurrence of lobar pneumonia with anemia; thus, peg-IFN was replaced by recombinant IFN, with [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Gastritis

We report the first Tunisian case revealed by severe anemia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection: new estimates of age-specific antibody to HCV seroprevalence. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

All 3 patients remained asymptomatic and their anemia was alleviated with continued administration of oral iron. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

In the first case, the laboratory tests showed anemia, thrombocytosis, elevated inflammatory biomarkers, a low level of iron, and hypoproteinemia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[PUBMED Abstract] Vallisa D, Bernuzzi P, Arcaini L, et al.: Role of anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment in HCV-related, low-grade, B-cell, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a multicenter [cancer.gov]

We report the case of a 53-year-old woman with underlying systemic lupus erythematosus and autoimmune hemolytic anemia that were in remission. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Thrombocytopenia

The anemia was secondary to chronic blood loss due to ulceration at the site of an ileocolonic anastomosis performed during infancy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Am J Gastroenterol. 2002;97:2040–5. [tropicalgastro.com]

Those with severe hydrops fetalis (see this term) related anemia will need an in utero transfusion and transfusions can be required after birth for those with severe anemia [orpha.net]

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Pneumococcal Pneumonia

All of them were acutely ill on presentation with arterial desaturation, and they developed anemia and thrombocytosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

There are five main virus types that cause hepatitis---type A, B, C, D, and E. Hepatitis A and E are typically caused by ingesting contaminated food or water. [niaid.nih.gov]

Additionally, certain pre-existing conditions, such as chronic heart, lung, or liver diseases and sickle cell anemia, can make one vulnerable to the infection. [dovemed.com]

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Rheumatoid Arthritis

Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents have been used to treat anemia, one of the extra-articular manifestations of RA. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

View Article PubMed Google Scholar Calabrese LH, Zein NN, Vassilopoulos D: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation with immunosuppressive therapy in rheumatic diseases: assessment [doi.org]

This anemia is also known as 'anemia of chronic disease' ( Agarwal 2009 ; Cartwright 1966 ; Means 1995 ; Theurl 2009 ; Masson 2011 ). [doi.org]

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Plummer-Vinson Syndrome

AN iron-deficiency anemia associated with chronic dysphagia and glossitis in women between forty and fifty years of age is now known as side-ropenic dysphagia. [nejm.org]

International journal of nephrology 2014, 201462014Patient isolation prevents the transmission of hepatitis C virus infection in hemodialysis units O Harmankaya, B Cetin, [scholar.google.com.tr]

It is proposed that the hernias caused chronic blood loss anemia, and that iron deficiency then resulted in postcricoid web formation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Anemia of Infection

Anemia of inflammation is the most common and is due to over-expression of hepcidin. This is followed by hemolytic anemia, red cell aplasia and blood loss. [eurekaselect.com]

Transplacental leakage of HbeAg-positive maternal blood as the most likely route in causing intrauterine infection with hepatitis B virus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In this report studies were performed on 6 normals, 13 patients with anemia from infection or inflammation, and 18 patients with anemia caused by advanced malignancy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Celiac Disease

anemia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Ashish Garg, Chandrasekhar Reddy, Ajay Duseja, Yogesh Chawla and Radha K Dhiman, Association between Celiac Disease and Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection, Journal of Clinical [doi.org]

Celiac disease may present with hematological abnormalities including long-standing anemia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Therapeutic Phlebotomy

It also emphasizes that anemia per se is not a contraindication to embarking on a therapeutic phlebotomy program. [nejm.org]

Effect of screening for hepatitis C virus antibody and hepatitis B virus core antibody on incidence of post-transfusion hepatitis. Lancet 1991;338:1040-1. ‎ [books.google.es]

Disclosures: Off Label Use: Use of hydroxyurea in children with sickle cell anemia. 2011 by The American Society of Hematology [bloodjournal.org]

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Acute Gastritis

Diarrhea and intestinal protein loss with anemia and edema are rare occurrences. [lecturio.com]

Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection: new estimates of age-specific antibody to HCV seroprevalence. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Anemia: Chronic stomach bleeding can result from erosive gastritis, and the loss of blood can cause anemia. [marijuanadoctors.com]

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Relapsing Polychondritis

Reports of RP patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) are extremely rare and cases with the mixed-type AIHA has not been reported. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Schiff, Eugene R. and Altman, Roy D. 2004. Relapsing polychondritis, chronic hepatitis C virus infection, and mixed cryoglobulemia. [journals.cambridge.org]

Anemia at diagnosis was a marker for decreased survival in the entire group. [doi.org]

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Infectious Mononucleosis

An 18-year-old woman with infectious mononucleosis developed splenic infarction and severe anemia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Epstein-Barr virus infectious mononucleosis. Am Fam Physician. 2004;70(7):1279–1287. 17. Hurt C, Tammaro D. Diagnostic evaluation of mononucleosis-like illnesses. [aafp.org]

False-positive result provided by rapid heterophile antibody test in a case of acute infection with hepatitis E virus. J. Clin. Microbiol. 42 : 4411. 60. Foss, H. [doi.org]

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Septicemia

Along with these findings, hyperthermia 3h postmortem, and severe anemia and thrombocytopenia without an obvious site of hemorrhage suggested hemolysis due to Cl. perfringens [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Reduced protection against hepatitis B virus following vaccination in patients with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

An 11-year-old male with a history of aplastic anemia presented to the emergency department with a 1-day history of cough and purulent nasal discharge 6 months after undergoing [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Malabsorption Syndrome

Abstract To evaluate the dual-isotope Schilling test for the diagnosis of pernicious anemia or malabsorption syndrome, 65 studies were selected for clinical correlation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Evrenkaya R, Basak M, Cosansel S, Cankir Z, Guney Y, et al. (1999) A case of Whipple's disease associated with acute Ebstein Barr virus hepatitis and Berger's disease. [omicsonline.org]

The classical symptoms of this condition include diarrhea, steatorrhea, weight loss, and anemia. [symptoma.com]

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Bacterial Hepatitis

The development of bacterial infection in patients treated with interferon associated with hematological complications as anemia (85.4 %), neutropenia (94.5 %) and thrombocytopenia [ejbo.journals.ekb.eg]

D virus (HDV), and hepatitis E virus (HEV). [sparknotes.com]

[…] histologic lesions Complex in vitro defects in cellular immunity and immunoregulatory functions An association with other autoimmune disorders (eg, RA, autoimmune hemolytic anemia [merckmanuals.com]

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Malignant Neoplasm of the Stomach

She was found with severe anemia and thrombocytopenia during the third course of chemotherapy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Ganem, D., and A. M. Prince. 2004. Hepatitis B virus infection—natural history and clinical consequences. N. Engl. J. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Grade 3 adverse effects included neutropenia, anemia, hyponatremia, catheter-related infection and diarrhea (maximum: 2 patients each). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Bacterial Infections

This can lead to life-threatening neurological diseases, such as encephalitis, as well as dermatologic disease, hemolytic anemia, and arrhythmias, among others. [medicalnewstoday.com]

Hendra virus infection Hepatitis A virus Hepatitis A Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis B Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis C Hepatitis D Virus Hepatitis D Hepatitis E virus Hepatitis [en.wikipedia.org]

Some bacterial infections can cause your kidneys to fail, bleeding in your intestinal tract, and anemia. [healthline.com]

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Hepatitis

RATIONALE: We report a complicated case of cholestatic hepatitis with suspected autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and copper toxicity syndrome after HSCT and donor lymphocyte [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infections occur only in those who are infected with HBV. [web.archive.org]

Ribavirin side effects may be more prominent, and include anemia, skin problems, or breathing problems. Difficulties with sleeping may also be seen with ribavirin. [patients.gi.org]

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Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Hemolytic, Autoimmune/drug therapy Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune/etiology* Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use Child Child, Preschool Cord Blood Stem Cell [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Kao J, Chen D. Global control of hepatitis B virus infection. Lancet 2002; 2: 395–403. 3. Poullin P, Gabriel B. [journals.lww.com]

Mild cases of ADAMTS13 deficiency may be initially confused with immune thrombocytopenic purpura if hemolytic anemia is not severe and renal or neurological symptoms are not [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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B-Cell Lymphoma

The most common toxicities while on study were thrombocytopenia (14 patients, 78%); fatigue (11, 61%); anemia (10, 56%); diarrhea (8, 44%); and nausea, lymphopenia, anorexia [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Fibrosis in chronic viral hepatitis. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2011;25:219–230. 14. Andreani T, Serfaty L, Mohand D, et al. [ekjm.org]

Fatigue may be a manifestation of anemia. [oncologynurseadvisor.com]

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Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia Autoimmune hemolytic anemia NOS (disorder) Autoimmune hemolytic anemia ANEMIA, AUTOIMMUNE HEMOLYTIC AIHA AHA edit English autoimmune hemolytic [wikidata.org]

Hepatitis A, B, C, D, E and G; cytomegalovirus; and Epstein-Barr virus infections were ruled out by appropriate tests which included serum hepatitis B virus DNA and hepatitis [journals.lww.com]

Cold antibody hemolytic anemia is common among the elderly, while warm antibody hemolytic anemia affects all age groups. [symptoma.com]

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Sjögren Syndrome

Unusual case of childhood anemia - Imerslund-grasbeck syndrome, a case report. [oatext.com]

Dustin, Somatic Hypermutations Confer Rheumatoid Factor Activity in Hepatitis C Virus–Associated Mixed Cryoglobulinemia, Arthritis & Rheumatism, 65, 9, (2430-2440), (2013) [doi.org]

Infanti, D. Russo, E. Falasca, G.A. Botta, and M. Baccarani. 1996. Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in patients with lymphoproliferative disorders. [doi.org]

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Acute Hepatic Porphyria

Four new chapters cover anemias unique to the newborn period, pathology of LHC and other histiocytic disorders, tumors of the spleen, and pathology and classification of myeloproliferative [books.google.com]

Direct-acting antivirals for hepatitis C virus induce a rapid clinical and biochemical remission of porphyria cutanea tarda. [gastrojournal.org]

During childhood and adulthood a mild residual anemia is chronically observed. [clinicsinsurgery.com]

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Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis

Based on emerging anemia and bilateral diffuse lung consolidation on computed tomography, we judged that diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) was complicated by GPA. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Rituximab-induced hepatitis C virus reactivation in rheumatoid arthritis. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2013; 46: 65-67 24 Huang KH, Bonsall D, Katzourakis A. et al. [thieme-connect.com]

A blood test may also check for anemia, a common problem in patients with this condition. It may also show whether the kidneys are working properly. [medicalnewstoday.com]

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