Autoantibodies: Causes & Reasons

Possible Causes for Autoantibodies

Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder with Anti-AQP4 Antibodies

Anti-AQP1 specificity of the identified autoantibodies. (A) Patient’s autoantibodies recognize the AQP1 moiety of AQP1-GST. [journals.plos.org]

Among those diagnosed with NMOSD, about 75% have anti-AQP4 autoantibody in their bloodstream, and 25% have anti-MOG autoantibody or neither autoantibody (known as double-seronegative [guthyjacksonfoundation.org]

The binding of anti-AQP4 autoantibodies to specific cells in the CNS activates the complement cascade, another part of the immune system. [alexion.com]

Infantile-Onset Multisystem Autoimmune Disease Type 1

Certain CTDs are characterized by specific autoantibodies. [thermofisher.com]

Connective tissue disease diagnosis: Testing for differential diagnosis Serological tests reveal that connective tissue diseases (CTDs) are associated with a variety of autoantibodies [thermofisher.com]

Post-COVID-19

"Persistent IgG anticardiolipin autoantibodies are associated with post-COVID syndrome". [en.wikipedia.org]

"Functional autoantibodies against G-protein coupled receptors in patients with persistent Long-COVID-19 symptoms". [en.wikipedia.org]

"Development of ACE2 autoantibodies after SARS-CoV-2 infection". PloS One. 16 (9): e0257016. Bibcode:2021PLoSO..1657016A. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0257016. PMC 8415618. [en.wikipedia.org]

Hemolytic Anemia

CLINICAL FEATURES Clinically, AIHA and RBC autoantibodies present with signs and symptoms that reflect the activity and thermal reactivity of the autoantibody. [archivesofpathology.org]

Acquired hemolytic anemia due to the presence of autoantibodies which agglutinate or lyse the patient's own red blood cells. [icd9data.com]

Warm autoantibodies (active at temperatures between 37-40°C) cause 60-70% of cases, cold autoantibodies (active at temperatures below 30°C) account for 13-15% of cases, mixed [orpha.net]

Hashimoto Thyroiditis

High thyroid autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb) levels are present in 90% of patients with HT and serve as a clinical marker for the detection of early AITD [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0003779 An autoimmune disorder caused by the production of autoantibodies against thyroid tissue. [ebi.ac.uk]

Hashimoto’s autoantibodies decrease precursors necessary for thyroid hormone production, thereby causing hypothyroidism. [actforlibraries.org]

Autoimmune Gastritis

Taken together with the logistic advantages these blots are a good alternative for autoantibody detection in the respective diseases. [pubag.nal.usda.gov]

ATP4A antibody prevalence increased with age of onset of T1DM, which is atypical of other T1DM autoantibodies. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Three monoclonal autoantibodies, designated as 2B6 (IgG1), 2G10 (IgG2b), and 1H9 (IgG1), were obtained from one of these mice. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Diabetes Mellitus Type 1

No association between existence of autoantibodies and the clinical status of a child at the presentation of diabetes was demonstrated by this study. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

One or more of these autoantibodies are detected in 93% to 96% of patients with type 1 diabetes, both adults and children. [mayocliniclabs.com]

Interpretation Seropositivity for 1 or more islet cell autoantibodies is supportive of: -A diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. [pediatric.testcatalog.org]

Graves Disease

Abstract Background Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor (TSHR) autoantibodies (TRAbs) are a heterogeneous group of antibodies (Abs) with different functionalities. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Autoantibodies to the thyrotropin receptor. Endocr Rev. 1988; 9 106-121 26 Schott M, Feldkamp J, Bathan C, Fritzen R, Scherbaum W A, Seissler J. [doi.org]

Graves (1796-1853) Commonly seen in middle aged women Autoimmune disease characterized by hyperthyroidism due to circulating autoantibodies against thyrotropin (TSH receptor [pathologyoutlines.com]

Paraneoplastic Syndrome

Neurofascin as target of autoantibodies in Guillain–Barré syndrome. Brain 134, e173 (2011). 48. Uncini, A. & Kuwabara, S. [doi.org]

[…] on the malignancy and carries some autoantibody specificity. [eyewiki.aao.org]

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) Myasthenia gravis Autoantibodies against nicotinic AChRs of neuromuscular endplates Thymoma (and thymic hyperplasia) Inflammatory myopathy [amboss.com]

Systemic Vasculitis

Considerable progress has been made in understanding the role of autoantibodies in systemic vasculitides (SV), and consequently testing for anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies [mdpi.com]

Herein, the main autoantibodies and their clinical associations in systemic vasculitis are reviewed. Table 1. Autoantibodies in primary systemic vasculitides. [journal.frontiersin.org]

Further studies on the role of these autoantibodies are required to better categorize and manage appropriately the patients with small-vessel vasculitis and to develop more [mdpi.com]

ACE Inhibitor-Induced Angioedema

The autoantibodies were directed against the Cl-INH active center. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Acquired Angioedema (AAE) is a rare condition classified into two subtypes: Type I, which is associated with lymphoproliferative disorders, and Type II, which is linked with autoantibodies [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

No Article Media No Metrics Keywords: AAE ; C1-inhibitor autoantibodies ; C1q ; acquired angioedema ; acquired angioedema type I ; acquired angioedema type II Document Type [ingentaconnect.com]

Urticaria

Autoantibody-induced cross-linking of IgE receptors may be an important mechanism in the pathogenesis of chronic urticaria and other diseases mediated by mast cells. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Finding autoantibodies in children does not impact a disease prognosis, unlike in adult patients, where the presence of autoantibodies is associated with a more prolonged [doi.org]

CONCLUSIONS: Histamine-releasing IgG autoantibodies against the alpha subunit of the high-affinity IgE receptor are present in the circulation of some patients with chronic [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Lupus Erythematosus

There is also new recognition that most pathogenic autoantibodies are produced by B cells that have matured within the germinal center and that immune complexes in both diseases [stm.sciencemag.org]

Evidence-based recommendations on belimumab (Benlysta) as an add-on treatment for active autoantibody-positive systemic lupus erythematosus in adults. [nice.org.uk]

Autoantibodies were positively correlated to the number of CD5+ B-cells in LE-patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Myositis

[…] conjunction with another autoantibody. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This autoantibody seems to be the same as the autoantibody to p155 reported by Targoff et al. [frontiersin.org]

autoantibodies. [ard.bmj.com]

Systemic Scleroderma

Bioassay for Anti-PDGFR Autoantibodies The serum samples from patients with scleroderma and from controls were tested for the presence of PDGFR-activating autoantibodies in [content.nejm.org]

[…] these autoantibodies, the severity of the disease, and the presence of other autoantibodies. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The coexistence of SSc-associated and other autoantibodies was common (43% of patients). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Scleroderma

Abstract Circulating autoantibodies against a variety of nuclear and nucleolar antigens are characteristic serologic findings in systemic scleroderma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Bioassay for Anti-PDGFR Autoantibodies The serum samples from patients with scleroderma and from controls were tested for the presence of PDGFR-activating autoantibodies in [content.nejm.org]

Wikidata Jump to navigation Jump to search scleroderma that is characterized by fibrosis (or hardening) of the skin and major organs, as well as vascular alterations, and autoantibodies [wikidata.org]

Connective Tissue Disease

No lupus nephritis in the absence of antiC1q autoantibodies? [frontiersin.org]

Laboratory analysis and autoantibody screening was negative. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Homburger HA: Cascade testing for autoantibodies in connective tissue diseases. [mayocliniclabs.com]

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

In the present study, SLE patients were divided into five groups based on their autoantibody profiles. [pubs.acs.org]

At entry into the cohort, a standardized medical history and extensive laboratory tests profile, including autoantibodies were completed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In contrast, significantly higher frequencies of cell precursors producing monoreactive IgG autoantibodies to thyroid Ag (thyroglobulin and thyroid microsomal Ag) and ssDNA [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with Organ/System Involvement

Active nephritis was more prevalent (60% vs 24%) in MAGE-B2 autoantibody-positive than autoantibody-negative SLE patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The frequencies of 10 selected autoantibodies among ethnic groups were compared. Cluster analysis identified groups of patients with similar autoantibody profiles. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Over 100 different autoantibodies have been described in SLE patients, highlighting the need for comprehensive autoantibody profiling. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Stiff-Person Syndrome

Autoantibodies to GAD might be the causative agent or a disease marker. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Both subsets represent only a fraction of anti-GAD65 autoantibody secreting cells. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Symptoms consistent with reduced inhibition such as stiffness, spasms and anxiety occur in paraneoplastic stiff person syndrome with autoantibodies against the intracellular [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Acquired Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

However, 15/43 patients had autoantibodies with no detectable inhibitory action and as many as 32/43 patients had autoantibodies with inhibitory function that was insufficient [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] inhibitory autoantibody titer in TTP patient plasma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) either occurs in a congenital form caused by ADAMTS13 gene mutations or it is acquired and most often due to ADAMTS13 inhibitory autoantibodies [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Sjögren Syndrome

SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the salivary glands and autoantibody production. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Waterman, Autoantibodies in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: New Insights into Mechanisms of Autoantibody Diversification and Disease Pathogenesis, Autoimmunity, 34, 2, (123), [doi.org]

Significant positive associations with HLA Class II markers were restricted to the formation of different autoantibodies. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Inhibition of the binding of autoantibodies from several ITP patients by either another ITP autoantibody or by a monoclonal anti-GPIIb/IIIa antibody suggests that the antigenic [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Thirteen of 14 ITP autoantibodies bound only to CHO cells expressing alpha(IIb)beta(3). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The present data suggest that certain PA anti-GPIIb-IIIa autoantibodies recognize epitopes close to the ligand-binding site in GPIIb, but not in GPIIIa. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Autoimmune Hypophysitis

It is even more difficult to determine the mechanisms that lead to the formation of pituitary autoantibodies, or autoantibodies in general. [doi.org]

Each sample was also tested for pituitary autoantibodies using a specific indirect immunofluorescent assay; none was detected. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

No correlations between hypophysitis subtype and anti-pituitary and anti-hypothalamus autoantibodies were found. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Insulin-Resistance Syndrome Type B

In the type B syndrome, a highly specific autoantibody is produced against the cell surface insulin receptor and the interaction between the autoantibody and the receptor [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Ultimately, immunoprecipitation revealed high levels of insulin receptor autoantibodies (Fig. 1). [thieme-connect.com]

This study documents the presence of systemic lupus erythematosus in a large proportion of patients with insulin resistance due to autoantibodies to insulin receptors and [annals.org]

Evans Syndrome

Autoantibodies against platelets and neutrophils may be detected. [symptoma.com]

41 of these patients had both allo- and autoantibodies to RBC antigens, whereas the remainder, 80, had only autoantibodies. [jhoonline.biomedcentral.com]

Laboratory exams showed acute hemolysis due to an IgG warm autoantibody. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Addison Disease

Inhibin chains do not appear to be likely candidate targets of autoantibodies in human POI. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Analysis of ZnT8A enabled to identify autoimmunity in two (14.3 %) T1D individuals previously classified as autoantibody-negative. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Steroidogenic enzyme autoantibodies (SEAbs) are frequently present and are markers of autoimmune premature ovarian failure (POF) in females with autoimmune Addison's disease [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Acquired Hemolytic Anemia

In contrast, anti-nl, anti-pdl and anti-dl autoantibodies were frequently present in the red cell eluates. [jimmunol.org]

Acquired hemolytic anemia due to the presence of autoantibodies which agglutinate or lyse the patient's own red blood cells. [icd9data.com]

[…] or the co-existence of IgM autoantibodies. 29 Specificity of IgG autoantibodies in AIHA In initial serologic testing, most warm autoantibodies are panagglutinins, meaning [clinicalgate.com]

Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia

The autoantibodies were found to precipitate the platelet glycoprotein complex IIb/IIIa of autologous and allogeneic platelets. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Autoantibodies recognizing GPV were not seen in the 28 nonthrombocytopenic control RA patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Taken together with reports of platelet autoantibodies in PBC this case may indicate a place for immunosuppressive agents in the treatment of thrombocytopenia in PBC. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Platelet GP-autoantibody complexes were detected by flow cytometry using a FITC-labeled secondary antibody. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

00:01 Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura, as the name implies, it is an autoimmune disease. 00:05 The type of hypersensitivity in which the autoantibodies such as IgG may then [lecturio.com]

autoantibodies. [emedicine.medscape.com]