Axillary-freckling: Causes & Reasons

2.1

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Possible Causes for axillary freckling

Legius Syndrome

Consider the possibility of Legius syndrome, which can be confirmed by molecular genetic analysis, in patients with six or more café au lait macules and axillary freckling [mdedge.com]

Genet. 2007;39:1120-6) at the Catholic University of Leuven (Belgium), the hallmarks of Legius syndrome include multiple café au lait macules, axillary freckling, and autosomal [mdedge.com]

Herein, we describe a case of a 16-year-old male presenting with multiple CALMs and axillary freckling. [ijpd.in]

Neurofibromatosis

Axillary freckling Axillary freckling (as well as freckling on the perineum), known as the Crowe sign, is a helpful diagnostic feature in neurofibromatosis (see the image [emedicine.com]

freckling. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Axillary freckling and inguinal freckling often develop during puberty. [emedicine.com]

Pheochromocytoma-Islet Cell Tumor Syndrome

freckling 31 HP:0000997 13 episodic hypertension 31 HP:0000875 Symptoms via clinical synopsis from OMIM: 56 Lab: proteinuria hypercalcemia elevated urinary norepinephrine [malacards.org]

freckling 0000997 Cafe-au-lait spot 0000957 Cerebral hemorrhage Bleeding in brain 0001342 Congestive heart failure Cardiac failure Cardiac failures Heart failure [ more ] [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

8 tachycardia 31 HP:0001649 9 elevated urinary norepinephrine 31 HP:0003345 10 hypertensive retinopathy 31 HP:0001095 11 positive regitine blocking test 31 HP:0003574 12 axillary [malacards.org]

Watson Syndrome

Look for distinctive skin lesions, such as axillary freckling, mottling, small spherical patches, and areas of depigmentation. [checkorphan.org]

/inguinal freckling, pulmonary valvular stenosis, relative macrocephaly, short stature, and neurofibromas. [1] Watson syndrome is allelic to NF1, the same gene associated [en.wikipedia.org]

TERME PRÉFÉRENTIEL Watson syndrome DÉFINITION(S) Watson syndrome is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by Lisch nodules of the ocular iris, axillary/inguinal freckling [loterre.fr]

Jaffe-Campanacci Syndrome

In addition, axillary freckles and Lisch nodules were present in all four patients and multiple cutaneous neurofibromas in two patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

freckling 13,14. [stage-journals.lww.com]

Jaffe-Campanacci is a rare syndrome characterised by the association of café-au-lait spots, axillary freckles, multiple non-ossifying fibromas of the long bones and jaw, as [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Plexiform Neurofibroma

On physical examination, there were multiple café-au-lait spots larger than 15 mm in diameter scattered over the patient's entire body and axillary freckling, but no cutaneous [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Plexiform neurofibroma is mostly associated with autosomal dominant neurofibromatosis type 1, characterized by cutaneous findings such as café-au-lait spots, axillary freckling [mdedge.com]

Left axillary freckling was also present. On ocular examination, the patient could fix and follow with both eyes. [meajo.org]

Common Cold

[…] in the axillary or inguinal region, optic glioma, a distinc- tive osseous lesion such as sphenoid dysplasia or thinning of long bone cortex with or without pseudoarthrosis [lijecnicki-vjesnik.hlz.hr]

Diagnosis is made by matching at least two of the following 7 diagnostic criteria: six or more caféau- lait macules over 15 mm in diameter, two or more neurofibromas, axillary [degruyter.com]

[…] diagnosis of NF1 is based on the presence of two or more of the following criteria: six or more café au lait spots, 2 neurofibromas of any type or 1 plexiform neurofibroma, freckling [lijecnicki-vjesnik.hlz.hr]

Neurofibroma

Axillary freckling Axillary freckling (as well as freckling on the perineum), known as the Crowe sign, is a helpful diagnostic feature in neurofibromatosis (see the image [emedicine.medscape.com]

Freckling Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Café au Lait Macule Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Café au Lait Macule Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Optic Glioma Neurofibroma bright objects with [epilepsy.com]

Axillary freckling is akin to café-au-lait spots except they are smaller, about 1 to 3 mm in size, and occur in clusters. [hawaii.edu]

17q11 Microdeletion Syndrome

[…] renal, skin Phenotypes Abnormal heart morphology; Abnormality of cardiovascular system morphology; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Autosomal dominant inheritance; Axillary [mousephenotype.org]

Clinical examination revealed café-au-lait spots, neurofibromas, plexiform neuromas, axillary and inguinal freckling. [cags.org.ae]

freckling, and Lisch nodules. [adc.bmj.com]

Occlusion of the Ophthalmic Artery

freckling, and brain MRI changes consistent with a hamartoma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] investigation of a 15-year-old boy with left ophthalmic artery occlusion led us to a diagnosis of neurofibromatosis type I as there were numerous large cafe-au-lait spots, axillary [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Neurofibromatosis Type 2

Axillary freckling Axillary freckling (as well as freckling on the perineum), known as the Crowe sign, is a helpful diagnostic feature in neurofibromatosis (see the image [emedicine.com]

NF1-like syndrome (Legius syndrome) Absence of neurofibromas or optic pathway glioma or other features of NF1 except for the presence of café au lait spots, axillary freckling [online.epocrates.com]

Axillary freckling and inguinal freckling often develop during puberty. [emedicine.com]

Familial Pheochromocytoma

freckling, 4 Lisch nodules, 5 optic glioma, 6 bone dysplasia, and 7 a first-degree relative with NF-1. [elsevier.es]

Neurofibromatosis type 1 is an autosomal disorder associated with neurofibromas, axillary freckling, café au lait spots and iris hamartomas. [healio.com]

freckling, optic glioma, 2 iris hamartomas (Lisch nodules), osseous lesions. [em-consulte.com]

Renal Artery Stenosis

freckling. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

On physical examination, axillary freckling and multiple café-au-lait spots were revealed over the trunk, while numerous small nodules were palpable on the limbs. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] hypertension, we reached a diagnosis of neurofibromatosis type 1 on the basis of a cluster of typical findings: optic nerve glioma, café au lait spots, nodular neurofibromas, and axillary [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Zosteriform Lentiginosis

Partial unilateral lentiginosis with ipsilateral lisch nodules and axillary freckling. [lireriha.web.app]

Partial unilateral lentiginosis with ipsilateral Lisch nodules and axillary freckling. Dermatology. 2004. 209(4):321-4. [Medline]. Liu X, Zhao Z, Xu Q, Cai L, Zhang J. [emedicine.medscape.com]

freckling is often also present in these cases (see p. 874 ). [plasticsurgerykey.com]

Severe Idiopathic Pneumococcemia

freckling NFM type 1 6 cafe au lait spots over 1.5 cm plus axillary freckling tend to have short stature has multiple skin manifestations cafe au lait spots commonly found [brainscape.com]

[…] in normal individuals, but more than 6 1.5 cm is pathognomonic for neurofibromatosis often axillary freckling and increase in hyperpigmentation in the skin cutaneous and [brainscape.com]

[…] regulation - classic systemic lupus is multisystem disorder - essentially can effect every organ system - discoid lupus only has dermatologic manifestations cafe au lait spot and axillary [brainscape.com]

Phlegmasia Alba Dolens

freckling 32 HP:0000997 13 episodic hypertension 32 HP:0000875 Symptoms via clinical synopsis from OMIM: 57 Lab: proteinuria hypercalcemia elevated urinary norepinephrine [malacards.org]

freckling cafe-au-lait spots sweating Misc: familial pheochromocytoma usually bilateral Clinical features from OMIM: 171420 Drugs & Therapeutics for Pheochromocytoma--Islet [malacards.org]

Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor

Physical examination found numerous café-au-lait macules and axillary freckles. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The patient showed 6 café-au-lait spots on the body, axillary freckling, and multiple subcutaneous neurofibromas. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] au-lait macules and axillary and inguinal skin freckling were noted, consistent with his history of NF1. [mdmag.com]

Scoliosis

Skin inspection that notes café-au-lait spots or axillary freckles suggests neurofibromatosis, while a hairy patch or skin dimpling in the back may identify a spinal dysraphism [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Acromelanosis

freckling due to neurofibromatosis Bilirubin pigmentation of oral mucosa Breast depigmented Breast hypopigmented Buccal pigmentation due to Addison's disease Caf Caf Centrofacial [emedcodes.com]

Synonym Freckles Pigment spot polyposis (Klostermann1956) periorificial lentiginosis Axillary freckling Crowes sign Albright-McCune-Sternberg syndrome McCune-Albright syndrome [link.springer.com]

[…] etiology Acquired poikiloderma Acromelanosis Addisonian pigmentation of palms Amateur decorative tattoo of skin Arsenic-induced skin pigmentation Atrial myxoma with lentigines Axillary [emedcodes.com]

Piebaldism

Abstract Miminal diagnostic criteria for the diagnosis of neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) includes six or more café-au-lait macules plus axillary freckling. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Multiple hyperpigmented macules( café-au-lait spots of size 5 mm) were also seen over the back of this child .There were also axillary freckling. [omicsonline.org]

[…] and inguinal freckling. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hypertensive Crisis

freckling, neurofibromas Tuberous sclerosis Ash leaf patches, angiofibromas Also evaluate for signs of child abuse: Bruising Fractures Retinal hemorrhage Evaluate for presence [cancertherapyadvisor.com]

[…] exam: Perform a full neurologic exam, including a mental status evaluation Skin exam: Evaluate for signs of systemic diseases such as: Neurofibromatosis Cafe au lait spots, axillary [cancertherapyadvisor.com]

Neurofibromatosis Type 6

Axillary or inguinal freckles are rarely present at birth, but appear during childhood through adolescence. [deepdyve.com]

Her 14-year-old brother had cafe au lait spots and axillary freckling at birth. He had Lisch nodules in the iris, but no cutaneous neurofibromas. [nejm.org]

[…] or inguinal freckling a primary relative with NF1 with above criteria A mnemonic to help remember these features is CAFE SPOT. [radiopaedia.org]

Talipes Cavus

In this case, the absence of family history and lack of typical dermatologic changes required for diagnosis (café-au-lait patches, axillary or groin freckling, and neurofibromas [practicalneurology.com]

Congenital Pseudoarthrosis of the Tibia

On clinical examination, the child was found to have multiple café-au-lait spots, axillary freckling, and right leg swelling [Figure 1]. [saudijhealthsci.org]

The back, abdomen and extremities revealed multiple flat, smooth bordered, brown skin lesions, and there was evidence of axillary freckling. [practicalneurology.com]

It can be diagnosed on the basis of characteristic phenotypic manifestations, such as café-au-lait spots, axillary and inguinal freckling, neurofibromas, optic gliomas, Lisch [e-aps.org]

Hereditary Pheochromocytoma-Paraganglioma

Neurofibromatosis, type 1 (see Chap. 108 ) NF1 5%-15% Cutaneous neurofibromas, plexiform neurofibromas, cafe-au-lait macules, axillary and inguinal freckling, Lisch nodules [mhmedical.com]

freckling, optic glioma, 2 iris hamartomas (Lisch nodules), osseous lesions. [em-consulte.com]

NF1 patients present with multiple neurofibromas, café-au-lait spots, axillary freckling, and Lisch nodules of the iris. [atlasgeneticsoncology.org]

Peritonsillar Abscess

freckling 32 HP:0000997 13 episodic hypertension 32 HP:0000875 Symptoms via clinical synopsis from OMIM: 57 Lab: proteinuria hypercalcemia elevated urinary norepinephrine [malacards.org]

freckling cafe-au-lait spots sweating Misc: familial pheochromocytoma usually bilateral Clinical features from OMIM: 171420 Drugs & Therapeutics for Pheochromocytoma--Islet [malacards.org]

Subungual Fibroma

 AXILLARY FRECKLING. 15. CAFÉ AU LAIT SPOTS. PIGMENTED MACULES( 1 CM) ON THE TRUNK. PLEMIFORM NEUROMA SEEN. 16. [slideshare.net]

Several larger ( 1.0 cm) cafe-au-lait macules on the upper chest and multiple small macules in the axillae (axillary "freckling") 17. [slideshare.net]

Pheochromocytoma in Childhood

Neurofibromatosis type 1 is typically associated with neurofibromas, café-au-lait spots, axillary freckling, Lisch nodules, optic gliomas, and abnormalities of the bone and [symptoma.com]

Pulsating Exophthalmos

Left axillary freckling was also present. On ocular examination, the patient could fix and follow with both eyes. [meajo.org]

Axillary and inguinal freckling (see Figures 1 and 2) Visual Acuity: OD—20/25; OS—No Light Perception (NLP). [webeye.ophth.uiowa.edu]

Three diagnostic criteria (cafι-au-lait spots, plexiform neurofibroma, and axillary freckles) were present in our case. [meajo.org]

Adenocarcinoma of the Colon

freckles for 40 years. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] who had been diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of the hepatic flexure of the colon was referred for segmentally located, multiple café-au-lait spots and tumors on his back and axillary [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]