Axonal Degeneration: Causes & Reasons

Possible Causes for Axonal Degeneration

Sensorimotor neuropathy MedGen UID: 207266 •Concept ID: C1112256 • Disease or Syndrome Axonal degeneration MedGen UID: 332464 •Concept ID: C1837496 • Finding Distal sensory [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

axon degeneration. [jax.org]

Neuropathies of the CMT2 group are characterized by signs of axonal degeneration in the absence of obvious myelin alterations, normal or slightly reduced nerve conduction [uniprot.org]

Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease

degeneration and/or promoting axonal regeneration. [brain.oxfordjournals.org]

Axonal dysfunction induced by demyelinating Schwann cells, however, could also occur without frank axonal degeneration. [brain.oxfordjournals.org]

Weakness in patients with CMT1A is thus a result of degeneration of motor axons. [brain.oxfordjournals.org]

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Type 4

HSP is characterized pathologically by axonal degeneration of the distal portions of the longest axons in the CNS: corticospinal tracts to the legs, fasciculus gracilis and [academic.oup.com]

Muscle twitches and cramps are common; they occur because degenerating axons (long fibers extending from nerve-cell bodies) become “irritable.”1 Symptoms may be limited to [mda.org]

Neuropathological remarks include neurofilamentous swelling of proximal axons with reduced calibre of distal axons and axonal wallerian degeneration, accumulation of neurofilament [scielo.br]

Delta Aminolevulinate Dehydrase Deficiency

Chronic neurologic manifestations such as psychiatric disease and axonal degeneration have not been shown to improve with transplantation.14 Patients who benefit from liver [dovepress.com]

As a result of neurovisceral toxicity patients may experience significant sympathetic drive resulting in hypertension, tachycardia and fatal cardiac arrhythmias.9 Axonal degeneration [dovepress.com]

Polyneuropathy

degenerating (axonal), or demyelinating; many causes, particularly metabolic and toxic; familial or sporadic. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Electrophysiological studies indicated primary axonal degeneration of peripheral motor and sensory fibers without inflammation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] destruction Subacute Diabetic Proximal Neuropathy Proximal muscle weakness associated with reduced or absent lower extremity reflexes Axonal degeneration and some demyelination [enotes.tripod.com]

Bickerstaff Brainstem Encephalitis

Electrodiagnostic study results suggested peripheral motor axonal degeneration. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The brainstem shows a perivascular lymphocytic infiltration and there is peripheral motor axonal degeneration. [meducator3.net]

Electrodiagnostic study results suggested peripheal motor axonal degeneration. [doi.org]

CANOMAD Syndrome

Three sural nerve biopsies were performed, one each demonstrating small onion bulb formations, nonspecific axonal degeneration, and large myelinated fiber dropout. [reliasmedia.com]

Immune mediated peripheral neuropathy can be acute or chronic and can result in either axonal degeneration or demyelination. [clinlabnavigator.com]

Ischemic Peripheral Neuropathy

This indicates severe axonal degeneration in the sensory and motor branches of these nerves. [academic.oup.com]

Neither segmental demyelination nor axonal degeneration were evident. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

Axonal degeneration of both myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibres (MFs and UMFs) with occluded vessels was prominent, if acute ischaemia was present for > 24 h. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Distal Spinal Muscular Atrophy

A nerve conduction study revealed axonal degeneration of the motor nerves of the legs. A heterozygous K141Q mutation was detected in the affected patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Electrophysiological studies demonstrated distal motor axonal degeneration without myopathy in all affected subjects tested. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Our model provides a unique opportunity to characterise the molecular phenotype of dHMNX and the time course of cellular events leading to the process of axonal degeneration [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Arsenic-Induced Polyneuropathy

segmental demyelination and eventually distal axonal degeneration. [experts.umich.edu]

Axonal degeneration, sometimes referred to as the dying-back phenomenon, results in axonal degeneration at the most distal extent of the axon. [clevelandclinicmeded.com]

DIN is often caused by demyelination of the peripheral nerves with or without axonal degeneration. [synapse.koreamed.org]

Guillain-Barré Syndrome

[…] forms (AMAN/AMSAN) with either reversible nerve conduction failure (RCF) or axonal degeneration. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Criteria sets for AMAN and AMSAN were proposed on the initial assumption that these subtypes were pathologically characterised by simple axonal degeneration. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Japan, Central America and South America correspond to the axonal form.24-27 How does axonal degeneration occur in the axonal form of GBS? [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

Triorthocresyl Phosphate Poisoning

OK View More View Less 1 MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Leicester, United Kingdom Abstract PDF References Article Recommendations Axonal Degeneration and Neuropathy Target [degruyter.com]

The histopathological findings show axonal degeneration in the peripheral nerves and degenerative changes in the anterior horn cells. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The main difference is that HMSN-1 is a demyelinating neuropathy while HSMN-2 is due to axonal degeneration. [healthdrip.com]

Autosomal Recessive Spastic Paraplegia Type 63

This is caused by a relatively selective distal axonal degeneration involving the longest axons of the corticospinal tracts. [pdfs.semanticscholar.org]

degeneration. [psychology.wikia.com]

degeneration in SPG4 HSP, such as direct cytoskeletal instability, abnormal mitochondrial distribution, and other consequences of abnormal axonal transport. [13, 10, 21, [emedicine.medscape.com]

Autosomal Recessive Spastic Paraplegia Type 27

In Neuron Level Axonal Degeneration • Lesser Extent 19. [slideshare.net]

Degeneration has been found to be maximal in the distal axons of these fibers. Tesson C, Koht J, Stevanin G. [emedicine.medscape.com]

degeneration. [psychology.wikia.com]

X-Linked Spastic Paraplegia Type 34

This is caused by a relatively selective distal axonal degeneration involving the longest axons of the corticospinal tracts. [pdfs.semanticscholar.org]

In Neuron Level Axonal Degeneration • Lesser Extent 19. [slideshare.net]

Degeneration has been found to be maximal in the distal axons of these fibers. Tesson C, Koht J, Stevanin G. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Autosomal Recessive Spastic Paraplegia Type 61

This is caused by a relatively selective distal axonal degeneration involving the longest axons of the corticospinal tracts. [pdfs.semanticscholar.org]

[…] contribute to, rather than result from, axonal degeneration 29. [rarediseasesjournal.com]

degeneration in SPG4 HSP, such as direct cytoskeletal instability, abnormal mitochondrial distribution, and other consequences of abnormal axonal transport. [13, 10, 21, [emedicine.medscape.com]

Autosomal Recessive Spastic Paraplegia Type 35

In Neuron Level Axonal Degeneration • Lesser Extent 19. [slideshare.net]

degeneration. [psychology.wikia.com]

As far as pathohistological changes are concerned, the leading damage affects axons. Namely, there is axonal degeneration. [ic.steadyhealth.com]

Autosomal Dominant Spastic Paraplegia Type 42

In all cases, impaired axonal transport has been demonstrated, suggesting that this may be the common final mechanism mediating axonal degeneration. [ommbid.mhmedical.com]

HSP pathology involves axonal degeneration that is most pronounced in the terminal segments of the longest descending (pyramidal) and ascending (dorsal columns) tracts. [deepblue.lib.umich.edu]

degeneration in SPG4 HSP, such as direct cytoskeletal instability, abnormal mitochondrial distribution, and other consequences of abnormal axonal transport. [13, 10, 21, [medscape.com]

Autosomal Recessive Spastic Paraplegia Type 25

This is caused by a relatively selective distal axonal degeneration involving the longest axons of the corticospinal tracts. [pdfs.semanticscholar.org]

In Neuron Level Axonal Degeneration • Lesser Extent 19. [slideshare.net]

Degeneration has been found to be maximal in the distal axons of these fibers. Tesson C, Koht J, Stevanin G. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Autosomal Recessive Spastic Paraplegia Type 18

In Neuron Level Axonal Degeneration • Lesser Extent 19. [slideshare.net]

Neuropathies of the CMT2 group are characterized by signs of axonal degeneration in the absence of obvious myelin alterations, normal or slightly reduced nerve conduction [genecards.org]

The formation of m-AAA proteases with altered substrate specificities probably leads to axonal degeneration. [neurologyindia.com]

Autosomal Recessive Spastic Paraplegia Type 57

The major neuropathologic feature of autosomal dominant, uncomplicated SPG is axonal degeneration that is maximal in the terminal portions of the longest descending and ascending [diseaseinfosearch.org]

degeneration in SPG4 HSP, such as direct cytoskeletal instability, abnormal mitochondrial distribution, and other consequences of abnormal axonal transport. [13, 10, 21, [emedicine.medscape.com]

Furthermore, in the same family with supposedly the same genetic profile, the degree and location of axonal degeneration may differ depending on the gene penetrance. [ajnr.org]

Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia Type 2

This is caused by a relatively selective distal axonal degeneration involving the longest axons of the corticospinal tracts. [pdfs.semanticscholar.org]

Neuropathies of the CMT2 group are characterized by signs of axonal degeneration in the absence of obvious myelin alterations, normal or slightly reduced nerve conduction [genecards.org]

degeneration in SPG4 HSP, such as direct cytoskeletal instability, abnormal mitochondrial distribution, and other consequences of abnormal axonal transport. [13, 10, 21, [emedicine.medscape.com]

Autosomal Recessive Spastic Paraplegia Type 44

degeneration. [psychology.wikia.com]

Furthermore, in the same family with supposedly the same genetic profile, the degree and location of axonal degeneration may differ depending on the gene penetrance. [ajnr.org]

Thus, there are many possibilities by which atlastin mutations could cause axonal degeneration. [centogene.com]

Autosomal Recessive Spastic Paraplegia Type 39

How exactly mutations in paraplegin can lead to axonal degeneration or PEO is not known yet. [molgen.ua.ac.be]

Neuropathies of the CMT2 group are characterized by signs of axonal degeneration in the absence of obvious myelin alterations, normal or slightly reduced nerve conduction [genecards.org]

degeneration in SPG4 HSP, such as direct cytoskeletal instability, abnormal mitochondrial distribution, and other consequences of abnormal axonal transport. [13, 10, 21, [emedicine.medscape.com]

Isolated optic nerve hypoplasia

The presumptive cause of the hypoplasia in these cases is retrograde, trans-synaptic retinal ganglion axonal degeneration. [collections.lib.utah.edu]

Other theories include axonal degeneration within the optic nerve or stretching of the optic nerve during the development of abnormal cerebral hemispheres. [pediatricneurologybriefs.com]

If the nerve can’t make the right kind of connection, the axons degenerate and die out,” Mukherjee said. “That’s likely what we’re seeing here.” [augustafreepress.com]

Pure Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia

Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) are characterized by progressive lower extremity spasticity due to an axonal degeneration of motor and sensory neurons. [uniprot.org]

This is caused by a relatively selective distal axonal degeneration involving the longest axons of the corticospinal tracts. [pdfs.semanticscholar.org]

degeneration of the corticospinal tracts. [austinpublishinggroup.com]

Autosomal Dominant Spastic Paraplegia Type 10

HSP pathology involves axonal degeneration that is most pronounced in the terminal segments of the longest descending (pyramidal) and ascending (dorsal columns) tracts. [deepblue.lib.umich.edu]

In Neuron Level Axonal Degeneration • Lesser Extent 19. [slideshare.net]

SPG2  Mutation in Gene >>>>> Proteolipid protein 1(PLP1)  Transmembrane protein >>>> leukodystrophy and dysmyelination, resulting in axonal degeneration  Locus = Xq22 X-Linked [slideshare.net]

Autosomal Recessive Spastic Paraplegia Type 26

In Neuron Level Axonal Degeneration • Lesser Extent 19. [slideshare.net]

Degeneration has been found to be maximal in the distal axons of these fibers. Tesson C, Koht J, Stevanin G. [emedicine.medscape.com]

How exactly mutations in paraplegin can lead to axonal degeneration or PEO is not known yet. [molgen.ua.ac.be]

Autosomal Recessive Spastic Paraplegia Type 48

degeneration. [psychology.wikia.com]

Neuropathies of the CMT2 group are characterized by signs of axonal degeneration in the absence of obvious myelin alterations, normal or slightly reduced nerve conduction [genecards.org]

degeneration in SPG4 HSP, such as direct cytoskeletal instability, abnormal mitochondrial distribution, and other consequences of abnormal axonal transport. [13, 10, 21, [emedicine.medscape.com]

Autosomal Recessive Spastic Paraplegia Type 46

Neuropathologic analyses of uncomplicated HSP generally reveals degeneration of corticospinal tract axons that is maximal in the thoracic spinal cord; degeneration of fasciculus [mhmedical.com]

degeneration in SPG4 HSP, such as direct cytoskeletal instability, abnormal mitochondrial distribution, and other consequences of abnormal axonal transport. [13, 10, 21, [emedicine.medscape.com]

Furthermore, in the same family with supposedly the same genetic profile, the degree and location of axonal degeneration may differ depending on the gene penetrance. [ajnr.org]