Case report A 2-year-old female child presented with complaints of bluish discoloration of lips, tongue, nail beds of both extremities, and breathlessness since 4 months when
[heartindia.net]
Abstract Atrial septal defect (ASD) closure may be complicated with residual right to left shunt leading to cyanosis.
[scopemed.org]
This chronic development of right‐to‐left shunt (RLIAS) is accompanied by electrocardiographic changes of atrial enlargement and right ventricular hypertrophy.
[academic.oup.com]