Brudzinsky Sign: Causes & Reasons

Possible Causes for Brudzinsky Sign

Only about one third of patients demonstrate Kernig and Brudzinski signs. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Description Brudzinski's sign is one of the physically demonstrable symptoms of meningitis. [physio-pedia.com]

Brudzinski's signs Josef Brudzinski (1874-1917), a Polish pediatrician, is credited with several signs in meningitis. [wikidoc.org]

Manmohan Mehndiratta, Rajeev Nayak, Hitesh Garg, Munish Kumar, and Sanjay Pandey.Appraisal of Kernig's and Brudzinski's sign in meningitis. [physio-pedia.com]

Meningism

Description Brudzinski's sign is one of the physically demonstrable symptoms of meningitis. [physio-pedia.com]

Diagnostic accuracy of Kernig's and Brudzinski's sign. [doi.org]

The Diagnostic Accuracy of Kernig's Sign, Brudzinski's Sign, and Nuchal Rigidity in Adults with Suspected Meningitis. Clin Infect Dis. (2002) 35 (1): 46-52. [physio-pedia.com]

Bacterial Meningitis

The classic signs of meningitis upon physical examination include neck stiffness, Kernig’s sign and Brudzinski’s sign. [symptoma.com]

Examination maneuvers such as Kernig sign or Brudzinski sign may not be useful to differentiate bacterial from aseptic meningitis because of variable sensitivity and specificity [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The patient's neck stiffness was obvious and the Kernig and Brudzinski signs were produced. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Meningitis

Diagnostic accuracy of Kernig's and Brudzinski's sign. [doi.org]

Seven patients had Kernig's sign but did not have Brudzinski's sign; 7 patients had Brudzinski's sign but did not have Kernig's sign; and 4 patients had both meningeal signs [doi.org]

For both Kernig's sign and Brudzinski's sign, the LR + was 0.97, the LR - was 1.0, and LR + : LR - was 0.97. [doi.org]

Subarachnoid Abscess

Kernig's sign (pain and resistance on passive knee extension with hips fully flexed). Brudzinski's sign (hips flex on bending the head forward). [patient.info]

or bending the neck (Brudzinski sign). [neuropathology-web.org]

sign: flex neck causes low back pain and flexion at knees/hips Kernig's sign: flex hip/knee. [quizlet.com]

Subacute Adenoviral Encephalitis

Although commonly tested on physical examinations, the sensitivity and specificity of Kernig’s and Brudzinski’s signs are uncertain. [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

Clinical Features The physical finding Vary Depending on the host, causative organism, severity of the illness Kernig’s and Brudzinski’s signs are present ~ 50 % of adults [slideshare.net]

Kernig’s and Brudzinski’s signs are also classic signs of meningeal irritation. Kernig’s sign is elicited with the patient in the supine position. [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

Chemical Meningitis

One of the physically demonstrable symptoms of meningitis is Brudzinski's sign. Severe neck stiffness causes a patient's hips and knees to flex when the neck is flexed. [mountsinai.org]

Kernig's sign (pain and resistance on passive knee extension with hips fully flexed). Brudzinski's sign (hips flex on bending the head forward). [patient.info]

Classic signs of meningitis on physical examination may also be seen, including nuchal rigidity, and Kernig's and Brudzinski's signs. 5 Thus, differentiating this condition [mdmag.com]

AIDS-Associated Meningoencephalitis

Kernig's sign (pain and resistance on passive knee extension with hips fully flexed). Brudzinski's sign (hips flex on bending the head forward). [patient.info]

Kernig’s and Brudzinski’s signs were present. Lungs were clear with normal heart sounds. On examination of the abdomen, her liver and spleen were not palpable. [pubs.sciepub.com]

Brudzinski’s sign is involuntary bending or raising of the legs when the patient is lying on his/her back and the head and neck are lifted by the examiner. [infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com]

Infectious Meningitis

Brudzinski J. Un signe nouveau sur les membres inferieurs dans les meningites chez les enfants (signe de la nuque). Arch Med Enfants 1909; 1991: 745-752. [medigraphic.com]

The signs of Kernig and Brudzinski. Arch Neurol 1969; 21: 215-218. Kernig W. Ueber ein Wenig bemerktes Meningitis Symptom. Berl Klin Wochenschr 1884: 21: 829-832. [medigraphic.com]

Brugsch's Syndrome

sign Brudzinski, Josef von Brudzinski's sign Brueghel Syndrome Brufen Brufen Retard Brug filariasis Brugada syndrome Brugada syndrome type 3 Brugia Brugia filariasis Brugia [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

▲ Bruch's membrane brucine Bruck Bruck disease Bruck, Alfred Brucke Brucke muscle Brucke, Ernst W. von Brucke-Bartley phenomenon Brücke's tunic Bruconha virus Brudzinski Brudzinski [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Anaerobic Meningitis

’s sign (+), Kernig sign (−), bilateral Babinski sign (+), knee jerk reflex (+), normal muscle tone in the limbs, no rashes, no skin ulceration, and no abnormal superficial [tp.amegroups.com]

Her physical examination revealed a fever of 38.1°C; and neurological examination revealed a stiff neck and positive Brudzinski and Kernig signs. [frontiersin.org]

[…] reflection, bulging bregma with tension, strong and rhythmic heart beats, clear breathing sounds with no rales, soft and smooth abdomen with no mass, neck resistance (+), Brudzinski [tp.amegroups.com]

Viral Meningitis

Classically, patients present with fevers and clinical signs of meningeal irritation (e.g. neck stiffness, Brudzinski sign). [radiopaedia.org]

The Kernig and Brudzinski signs may or may not be elicited. Leukocyte count is normal. [atsu.edu]

Nuchal rigidity (neck stiffness) Brudzinski sign and Kernig sign Flexion of the spine leads to stretching of the meninges. [pathophys.org]

Chronic Meningitis

± Papilledema Neck or back pain/stiffness Brudzinski’s or Kernig’s sign of meningeal irritation Change in personality Altered mental status—drowsiness, inattention, disorientation [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

or bending the neck (Brudzinski sign). [neuropathology-web.org]

Neck stiffness, positive Kernig’s and Brudzinski’s signs, and photosensitivity are also common findings but are less likely with certain infections (e.g., cryptococcal meningitis [oxfordmedicine.com]

Multiple Hamartoma Syndrome

Description Brudzinski's sign is one of the physically demonstrable symptoms of meningitis. [physio-pedia.com]

Brudzinski's signs Josef Brudzinski (1874-1917), a Polish pediatrician, is credited with several signs in meningitis. [wikidoc.org]

Manmohan Mehndiratta, Rajeev Nayak, Hitesh Garg, Munish Kumar, and Sanjay Pandey.Appraisal of Kernig's and Brudzinski's sign in meningitis. [physio-pedia.com]

Tularemic Meningitis

Patient symptoms consisted mostly of a stiff neck, positive Kernig and Brudzinski signs and a severe headache that would improve after a lumbar puncture. [journals.lww.com]

Meningeal Disorder

Efficacy: Meningeal signs Do not rely on these signs due to low efficacy Kernig's Sign and Brudzinski's Sign Test Sensitivity : 5% Test Specificity : 95% Nuchal Rigidity Test [fpnotebook.com]

"The diagnostic accuracy of Kernig's sign, Brudzinski's sign, and nuchal rigidity in adults with suspected meningitis" (PDF). [en.wikipedia.org]

[…] stiff neck, Kernig's sign, Brudzinski's sign, lumbar pain or photophobia; (b) cephalic disorders: irritability, disorientation, confusion, sleepiness, drowsiness, stupor, [elsevier.es]

Aseptic Meningitis

Kernig and Brudzinski signs were present. Lumber puncture revealed pleocytosis with no evidence of bacteria growth. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Examination maneuvers such as Kernig sign or Brudzinski sign may not be useful to differentiate bacterial from aseptic meningitis because of variable sensitivity and specificity [aafp.org]

The diagnostic accuracy of Kernig's sign, Brudzinski's sign, and nuchal rigidity in adults with suspected meningitis. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;35(1):46–52. 10. [aafp.org]

Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome

’s sign, and lethargy. [jetem.org]

The neurological examination showed that the Kerning and Brudzinski signs were positive. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] in patients above the age of 80 (0.49 in 100,000).1 The presentation for bacterial meningitis includes neck stiffness, fever, vomiting, photophobia, positive Kernig and Brudzinski [jetem.org]

Coxsackie Meningitis

The Kernig and Brudzinski signs may or may not be elicited. Leukocyte count is normal. [atsu.edu]

Clinical examination revealed neck stiffness and positive Kernig and Brudzinski signs. The remaining examination was noncontributory. [journals.lww.com]

Listerial Meningitis

Brudzinski sign) papilloedema (indicates raised ICP) tense fontanelle in babies INVESTIGATION LP – ideally prior to antibiotics (chances of getting bug decrease dramatically [lifeinthefastlane.com]

Neurological examination showed positive meningeal presentations-severe neck stiffness, Brudzinski neck sign, Brudzinski symphyseal sign, Kernig’s sign. [aclr.com.es]

There was marked neck stiffness with positive Brudzinski's sign. The remainder of the systemic examination was unremarkable. [scielo.br]

Lyme Meningoencephalitis

Kernig's sign (pain and resistance on passive knee extension with hips fully flexed). Brudzinski's sign (hips flex on bending the head forward). [patient.info]

Kernig’s and Brudzinski’s signs were negative. His heart had a regular rate and rhythm, with normal S1 and S2 heart sounds, and no murmur. [healio.com]

Brudzinski’s sign is involuntary bending or raising of the legs when the patient is lying on his/her back and the head and neck are lifted by the examiner. [infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com]

Subdural Empyema

signs despite being without neurological deficit (Glasgow coma scale 15). [nature.com]

’s signs. [omicsgroup.org]

When the patient returned 2 weeks later, she had persistent headache and back pain, increased proptosis, and intermittent fevers; she had positive Kernig's and Brudzinski's [nature.com]

Familial Febrile Seizures Type 4

[…] intracranial pressure (link to Signs of inc_ICP.doc), petechial rash, nuchal rigidity or positive Kernig’s or Brudzinski’s signs (link to kernig.brudzinski.doc). [learn.pediatrics.ubc.ca]

Important signs are: neck stiffness; petechial rash, photophobia; Kernig's sign; Brudzinski's sign; bulging fontanelle; reduced level of consciousness. [patient.info]

An LP does not need to be done in children older than 18 months unless they show signs of meningitis (neck stiffness, Brudzinski and Kernig signs) or have symptoms of a CNS [hawaii.edu]

Staphylococcus Aureus Meningitis

Kernig's sign (pain and resistance on passive knee extension with hips fully flexed). Brudzinski's sign (hips flex on bending the head forward). [patient.info]

The diagnostic accuracy of Kernig’s sign, Brudzinski’s sign, and nuchal rigidity in adults with suspected meningitis. Clin Infect Dis 2002;35:46-52. [ahcmedia.com]

“The diagnostic accuracy of Kernig's sign, Brudzinski's sign, and nuchal rigidity in adults with suspected meningitis”. Clin Infect Dis. vol. 35. 2002. pp. 46-52. [infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com]

Brugia Timori

Brudzinski sign Brudzinski, Josef von Brudzinski's sign Brueghel Syndrome Brufen Brufen Retard Brug filariasis Brugada syndrome Brugada syndrome type 3 Brugia Brugia filariasis [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Bruch's gland Bruch's membrane brucine Bruck Bruck disease Bruck, Alfred Brucke Brucke muscle Brucke, Ernst W. von Brucke-Bartley phenomenon Brücke's tunic Bruconha virus Brudzinski [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Echovirus Meningitis

Only about one third of patients demonstrate Kernig and Brudzinski signs. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Kernig's sign (pain and resistance on passive knee extension with hips fully flexed). Brudzinski's sign (hips flex on bending the head forward). [patient.info]

Meningococcal septicaemia without meningitis does not tend to present with stiff neck, back rigidity, bulging fontanelle, photophobia, Kernig's sign, Brudzinski's sign, paresis [patient.info]

Sternocleidomastoid Hematoma

A positive Brudzinski’s sign b. A negative Kernig’s sign c. Absence of nuchal rigidity d. A Glascow Coma Scale score of 15 14. [nclexonline.com]

Histoplasma Meningitis

Kernig's sign (pain and resistance on passive knee extension with hips fully flexed). Brudzinski's sign (hips flex on bending the head forward). [patient.info]

The diagnostic accuracy of Kernig’s sign, Brudzinski’s sign, and nuchal rigidity in adults with suspected meningitis. Clin Infect Dis 2002;35:46-52. [ahcmedia.com]

Brudzinski's sign is involuntary flexion of the knees when the neck is flexed. [dartmouth.edu]

Generalized Epilepsy with Febrile Seizures plus Type 3

Important signs are: neck stiffness; petechial rash, photophobia; Kernig's sign; Brudzinski's sign; bulging fontanelle; reduced level of consciousness. [patient.info]

[…] and symptoms (e.g. neck stiffness, Kernig sign and/or Brudzinski sign ) Lumbar puncture is an option in infants 6 - 12 months old with fever and seizure who are deficient [straighthealthcare.com]

[…] following recommendations for working up simple febrile seizures Lumbar puncture A lumbar puncture should be performed in a child with a seizure and fever who has meningeal signs [straighthealthcare.com]