Bulbar Dysfunction Causes & Reasons

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Bulbar Dysfunction Symptom Checker: Possible causes include Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Check the full list of possible causes and conditions now! Talk to our Chatbot to narrow down your search.

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Possible Causes

Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Delayed intubation in those with bulbar dysfunction increases the risk of early pneumonia. [pulmonologyadvisor.com]

Bulbar dysfunction, ptosis, pupillary abnormalities and facial weakness are additional features [6]. CSF protein is mildly elevated. [vdocuments.us]

They were intubated on day 2 due to severe bulbar dysfunction and retention of carbon dioxide. [jnnp.bmj.com]

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Pseudobulbar Palsy

[…] children or adults and form a spectrum of severity, based around the common feature of bulbar dysfunction and motor neurone degeneration. [patient.info]

Two patients sought treatment for symptoms of bulbar motor dysfunction and the marked emotional lability that characterizes pseudobulbar palsy (PBP). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In motor neurone disease it is common to see both bulbar and pseudobulbar palsies. [patient.info]

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Alexander Disease

dysfunction as the primary feature. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

dysfunction. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The most frequent symptoms were related to bulbar dysfunction-with dysarthria, dysphagia, dysphonia (seven patients)-, pyramidal involvement (seven patients) and cerebellar [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Worster-Drought Syndrome

The severity of bulbar dysfunction and impact of additional impairments made it difficult to use formal assessments. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Interpretation: WDS causes severe and persistent bulbar dysfunction that is often accompanied by additional impairments, as in other cerebral palsies. [eric.ed.gov]

Bulbar dysfunction typically persists and can be associated with comorbid neuropsychiatric diagnoses including: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, and/or epilepsy [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Distal Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 3

Most can stand and walk but have trouble with motor skills, such as going up and down stairs. Bulbar dysfunction occurs late in the disease. 11. [slideshare.net]

Bulbar dysfunction includes poor sucking ability, reduced swallowing, and respiratory failure. [ispub.com]

Among early onset congenital myopathies, X-linked myotubular myopathy can have severe phenotype with bulbar dysfunction and respiratory weakness with affected other family [annalsofian.org]

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Secondary Parkinsonism

Abnormalities in speech Dysarthria, hypophonia and monotonous soft speech can occur due to bulbar dysfunction and thought to be due to orofacial–laryngeal bradykinesia and [medicaljoyworks.com]

Sometimes there can be word finding difficulties, known as “tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon [1] [2] Difficulty in swallowing [1] [2] Dysphagia is due to bulbar dysfunction and [explainmedicine.com]

MSA –P RED FLAGS  Early instability  Rapid progression  Pisa syndrome,camptocormia,contractures  Bulbar dysfunction  Respiratory dysfn- stridor,insp sighs  Emotional [slideshare.net]

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Polyneuropathy

He also had evidence of bulbar dysfunction with poor suck, recurrent aspiration and requiring nasogastric feeding. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy

Conclusion The potential for bulbar dysfunction and muscle weakness in patients with KD places them at risk for perioperative complications from anesthesia. [mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com]

KEYWORDS: motor neuron disease; pharyngeal barium residue; spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy; swallowing dysfunction; videofluoroscopic swallowing study [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

bulbar muscular atrophy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Primary Lateral Sclerosis

However, they also noted an additional 9 patients who had ‘multifocal' PLS with asymmetry but evolution of bulbar dysfunction, or with bulbar dysfunction as a presenting symptom [karger.com]

dysfunction, wasting, pyramidal dysfunction, dementia, parkinsonism, and cerebellar, cortical, and sensory signs) for significant differences between the 2 patient populations [doi.org]

[…] dysarthria, dysphagia, paresthesias, fasciculations, cramping, weakness, wasting, fatigability, stiffness, and dyspnea) in addition to symptoms and signs at follow-up (ie, bulbar [doi.org]

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Osteoarthritis

The most significant risk factors for MV were bulbar nerve involvement, autonomic dysfunction and severe muscle weakness. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

bulbar failure or respiratory insufficiency78,79,80. [nature.com]

Patients who required MV were more likely to have cranial nerve involvement, such as facial palsy (P 0.001) or bulbar dysfunction (P 0.001), autonomic dysfunction (P 0.001 [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

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Influenza

One patient developed bulbar dysfunction, and 5 developed facial palsy. [doi.org]

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Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1

In the late stages of the disease, usually 10 to 15 years following onset, bulbar dysfunction secondary to affection of lower medullary nuclei results in aspiration which [orpha.net]

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Orthostatic Hypotension

Other features (“red flags”) that may alert clinicians to the diagnosis of MSA include emotional lability, bulbar dysfunction (dysphonia, dysarthria), early instability, abnormal [onlinejacc.org]

Clinical distinctions from the other alpha-synucleinopathies (discussed in the following text) include significant autonomic dysfunction and poor responsiveness to levodopa [onlinejacc.org]

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Wolfram Syndrome

Life-threatening complications, including central apnea (due to bulbar dysfunction) are frequent and may lead to recurrent aspiration pneumonia. [orpha.net]

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X-linked Distal Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 3

dysfunction Ehealthwall.com 11. [slideshare.net]

Among early onset congenital myopathies, X-linked myotubular myopathy can have severe phenotype with bulbar dysfunction and respiratory weakness with affected other family [annalsofian.org]

Phenotypic Variants • SMA 2 • Delayed motor milestones • Inability to maintain independent sitting • Lower extremities affected more than upper extremities • /- bulbar weakness [slideshare.net]

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Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Neurologic course, endocrine dysfunction and triplet repeat size in spinal bulbar muscular atrophy. Can. J. Neurol. Sci. 31, 378–382 (2004). 41. Büchter, D. et al. [dx.doi.org]

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Osteoarthritis of the Knee

The most significant risk factors for MV were bulbar nerve involvement, autonomic dysfunction and severe muscle weakness. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

bulbar failure or respiratory insufficiency78,79,80. [nature.com]

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Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 4

Most can stand and walk but have trouble with motor skills, such as going up and down stairs. Bulbar dysfunction occurs late in the disease. 11. [slideshare.net]

Bulbar dysfunction includes poor sucking ability, reduced swallowing, and respiratory failure. [ispub.com]

Bulbar dysfunction includes poor suck ability, reduced swallowing, and respiratory failure. [emedicine.medscape.com]

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Spinal Stenosis

This may manifest as quadriparesis, bulbar dysfunction and respiratory insufficiency. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Posterior Cerebral Artery Occlusion with Infarction

• Complete basilar occlusion – Constellation of bilateral long tract signs (sensory & motor) with signs of cranial nerve & cerebellar dysfunction. • “Locked-in” state: – [slideshare.net]

Basilar artery occlusion Clinical features 1.Paralysis of all four limbs 2.Bulbar paralysis 3.Eye movements abnormalities 4.Nystagmus 5.Coma Note: The neurological deficit [slideshare.net]

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Upper Motor Neuron Disease

Primary lateral sclerosis can occasionally present with bulbar dysfunction, but is characteristically very slowly progressive with UMN signs ultimately generalising. [pn.bmj.com]

[…] region for a prolonged period ( 6 months) and is characterised by female predominance and UMN bulbar dysfunction, although clinical features of ALS may develop. 39 The rates [acnr.co.uk]

dysfunction. 9 Figure 1 Spinobulbar muscular atrophy (Kennedy's disease): (A) facial asymmetry due to asymmetrical facial muscle weakness which is accentuated by pursing [jnnp.bmj.com]

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Distal Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 4

[…] palsy) 22.  Clinical examination and electrophysiologicalassesement. Differentiated from ALS mimickers- Paraneoplastic Hyperthyroidism Parathormone dysfunction Vit [slideshare.net]

dysfunction. 9 Figure 1 Spinobulbar muscular atrophy (Kennedy's disease): (A) facial asymmetry due to asymmetrical facial muscle weakness which is accentuated by pursing [jnnp.bmj.com]

These signs and symptoms might be caused by UMN and/or LMN dysfunction involving the bulbar muscles. [clinicalgate.com]

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Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis

This variant, often in the guise of a chronic progressive myelopathy or, less commonly, progressive cerebellar or bulbar dysfunction, usually responds poorly to corticosteroids [springer.com]

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Miller-Fisher Syndrome

This is due primarily to weakness in chest wall muscles, but may also be due to bulbar dysfunction and aspiration. [brainscape.com]

Furthermore, acute neuropathy characterised by cervical–pharyngeal–brachial paralysis or bulbar dysfunction has been recognised as a variant of Guillain–Barré syndrome. [elsevier.es]

Less common symptoms include consciousness disturbance, blepharoptosis, limb weakness, bulbar dysfunction, dysphagia, photophobia, dizziness, blurry vision, headache, and [eyewiki.aao.org]

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Strabismus

The increased exposure of the bulbar conjunctival area along with the dysfunctional lubricity between the eyelids and the deviated eye could be the main underlying pathophysiological [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] hypothesize that two possible mechanisms may determine dry eye in strabismus patients by setting up a specific vicious circle: firstly, the increased exposure of the area of the bulbar [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] conjunctiva located on the opposite side compared to the deviation may cause the thinning of the tear film lipid layer, with increased tear film instability; secondly, the dysfunctional [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Type 1

Respiratory Limbs: Upper Lower Asymmetric Upper motor neuron Tendon reflexes: Brisk Bulbar dysfunction Cognitive: Normal Course: Progressive; Death in 2 to 5 years CX3CR1 [neuromuscular.wustl.edu]

UMN dysfunction manifests as weakness predominating in the arm extensors and leg flexors with evidence of hypertonia, hyper-reflexia and upgoing plantar responses; the bulbar [patient.info]

Visual decline Illustrative Case 1 BULBAR FORM Relatives of a 61-year-old woman reported that she appeared to have difficulty concentrating during long discussions. [aafp.org]

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Distal Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 1

Most can stand and walk but have trouble with motor skills, such as going up and down stairs. Bulbar dysfunction occurs late in the disease. 11. [slideshare.net]

Among early onset congenital myopathies, X-linked myotubular myopathy can have severe phenotype with bulbar dysfunction and respiratory weakness with affected other family [annalsofian.org]

 Bulbar dysfunction includes poor suck ability, reduced swallowing, and respiratory failure. Patients have no involvement of the extraocular muscles, and facial weakness [slideshare.net]

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Infantile Neuroaxonal Dystrophy 1

Due to an impairment of the function of cranial nerves (Bulbar dysfunction), children affected by INAD often have speech problems, Dysarthria (poor articulation or slurring [inadcure.org]

dysfunction (impairment of the function of cranial nerves IX, X, XI and XII) Results in speech problems Dysarthria (poor articulation or slurring) Dysphonia (defective use [nbiacure.org]

Ataxia, deformities, and bulbar dysfunction may be seen. [7] Ophthalmological abnormalities include nystgamus, strabismus, and optic disc pallor, suggestive of optic atrophy [annalsofian.org]

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Demyelinating Disease

It can also be associated with bulbar dysfunction. Respiratory muscle weakness is confirmed by pulmonary function testing. [openanesthesia.org]

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Transient Ischemic Attack

dysfunction causing compromise of the airway (Class I, Level of Evidence C). [doi.org]

I Recommendations Airway support and ventilatory assistance are recommended for the treatment of patients with acute stroke who have decreased consciousness or who have bulbar [doi.org]

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