Spastic paraplegia 21 (SPG21), also known as acid Cluster Protein 33 (ACP33) and Mast syndrome protein, is a member of the AB hydrolase superfamily. Human SPG21 is a 38 amino acid residue protein widely expressed in all tissues, including heart, brain, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas. SPG21[…] [sinobiological.com]

[…] children or adults and form a spectrum of severity, based around the common feature of bulbar dysfunction and motor neurone degeneration. [patient.info]

Two patients sought treatment for symptoms of bulbar motor dysfunction and the marked emotional lability that characterizes pseudobulbar palsy (PBP). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In motor neurone disease it is common to see both bulbar and pseudobulbar palsies. [patient.info]

dysfunction as the primary feature. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

dysfunction. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The most frequent symptoms were related to bulbar dysfunction-with dysarthria, dysphagia, dysphonia (seven patients)-, pyramidal involvement (seven patients) and cerebellar [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Most can stand and walk but have trouble with motor skills, such as going up and down stairs. Bulbar dysfunction occurs late in the disease. 11. [slideshare.net]

Bulbar dysfunction includes poor sucking ability, reduced swallowing, and respiratory failure. [ispub.com]

Among early onset congenital myopathies, X-linked myotubular myopathy can have severe phenotype with bulbar dysfunction and respiratory weakness with affected other family [annalsofian.org]

The severity of bulbar dysfunction and impact of additional impairments made it difficult to use formal assessments. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Interpretation: WDS causes severe and persistent bulbar dysfunction that is often accompanied by additional impairments, as in other cerebral palsies. [eric.ed.gov]

Bulbar dysfunction typically persists and can be associated with comorbid neuropsychiatric diagnoses including: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, and/or epilepsy [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abnormalities in speech Dysarthria, hypophonia and monotonous soft speech can occur due to bulbar dysfunction and thought to be due to orofacial–laryngeal bradykinesia and [medicaljoyworks.com]

Sometimes there can be word finding difficulties, known as “tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon [1] [2] Difficulty in swallowing [1] [2] Dysphagia is due to bulbar dysfunction and [explainmedicine.com]

MSA –P RED FLAGS  Early instability  Rapid progression  Pisa syndrome,camptocormia,contractures  Bulbar dysfunction  Respiratory dysfn- stridor,insp sighs  Emotional [slideshare.net]

He also had evidence of bulbar dysfunction with poor suck, recurrent aspiration and requiring nasogastric feeding. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Conclusion The potential for bulbar dysfunction and muscle weakness in patients with KD places them at risk for perioperative complications from anesthesia. [mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com]

KEYWORDS: motor neuron disease; pharyngeal barium residue; spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy; swallowing dysfunction; videofluoroscopic swallowing study [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

bulbar muscular atrophy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

However, they also noted an additional 9 patients who had ‘multifocal' PLS with asymmetry but evolution of bulbar dysfunction, or with bulbar dysfunction as a presenting symptom [karger.com]

dysfunction, wasting, pyramidal dysfunction, dementia, parkinsonism, and cerebellar, cortical, and sensory signs) for significant differences between the 2 patient populations [doi.org]

[…] dysarthria, dysphagia, paresthesias, fasciculations, cramping, weakness, wasting, fatigability, stiffness, and dyspnea) in addition to symptoms and signs at follow-up (ie, bulbar [doi.org]

The most significant risk factors for MV were bulbar nerve involvement, autonomic dysfunction and severe muscle weakness. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

bulbar failure or respiratory insufficiency78,79,80. [nature.com]

Patients who required MV were more likely to have cranial nerve involvement, such as facial palsy (P 0.001) or bulbar dysfunction (P 0.001), autonomic dysfunction (P 0.001 [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]