Calcium Increased: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for Calcium Increased

Carcinoma of the Prostate

His serum calcium level and carcinoembryonic antigen were increased. He died 5 months from the start of treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A high-calcium diet is also thought to increase your risk, while eating cooked tomatoes and Brazil nuts could lower it, but more research is needed into the effect of diet [thesun.co.uk]

Bone metastases commonly cause pain, increase the risk of fractures, and can lead to a life-threatening condition characterized by an increased amount of calcium in the blood [texasoncology.com]

Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate

[…] the risk of prostate cancer diets high in calcium might increase the risk of prostate cancer low plasma alpha-tocopherol concentration (vitamin E) might increase the risk [wcrf.org]

Patients on ADT should receive vitamin D and calcium supplements, and if osteopenia/osteoporosis develops, then a bisphosphonate should be initiated. IV. [cancertherapyadvisor.com]

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

We report a rare case of non-Hodgkin lymphoma presented as an ileocecal mass. The patient was a 77-year-old man with history of symptoms of partial bowel obstruction, intermittent right iliac fossa pain, loss of weight, vomiting and fatigue. Clinical signs included moderate abdominal tenderness with a palpable mass in[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Adenocarcinoma of the Breast

Abstract Occult adenocarcinoma with clinically apparent axillary lymphadenopathy represents a challenging surgical problem. Mammography is frequently unable to identify a primary breast carcinoma, and extramammary sources are common and equally difficult to identify. This may leave the clinician and patient with a[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Bronchogenic Carcinoma

[…] secretion of PTHrP acts like parathyroid hormone to increase bone resorption and renal calcium reabsorption hypercalcemia Associated with squamous cell carcinoma Clinical [epomedicine.com]

[…] in turn stimulates proliferation of keratinocytes (containing melanin) and fibroblasts H ypercalciuria (Renal stones) – decreased intestinal and tubular reabsorption of calcium [epomedicine.com]

[…] polyuria or polydipsia; impairment of renal function Bones – bone pain and fractures; chondrocalcinosis Groans – anorexia, constipation, nausea and vomiting, peptic ulcers (calcium [epomedicine.com]

Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Lung

Less common symptoms of lung carcinoid tumors may include sudden growth of the hands and feet (acromegaly) and increased blood calcium (hypercalcemia). [mskcc.org]

Other symptoms include fractures, constipation or decreased alertness due to high calcium levels. [cancercenter.com]

[…] secretion of PTHrP acts like parathyroid hormone to increase bone resorption and renal calcium reabsorption hypercalcemia Associated with squamous cell carcinoma See Oncologic [pathophys.org]

Graves Disease

Hyperthyroidism is associated with an increased excretion of calcium and phosphorous in the urine and stool, which results in a loss of bone mineral. [medicinenet.com]

Brittle bones: too much thyroid hormone affects your body’s ability to get calcium into your bones. [nationwidechildrens.org]

[…] chance of miscarriage irregular heart rhythm or palpitations loss of calcium from the bones leading to decreased bone density How is Hyperthyroidism Diagnosed? [uofmhealth.org]

Paraneoplastic Syndrome

Increased calcium in blood. Can lead to renal failure. 50% mortality rate if advanced. Considered RT emergency. Most common paraneoplastic syndrome. [quizlet.com]

It increases renal calcium absorption and decreases renal phosphorus absorption. [doi.org]

[…] bone resorption, phosphaturia (hypophosphatemia) and also an increase in tubular calcium reabsorption. [sjkdt.org]

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Upon muscle activation, titin binds calcium at specific sites, thereby increasing its stiffness, and cross-bridge attachment to actin is thought to free up binding sites for [jeb.biologists.org]

All these studies suggest that upon activation, titin binds calcium at specific locations, thereby increasing its stiffness, and thus its force when stretched. [jeb.biologists.org]

Note that in this model, the passive (titin-based) force increases upon activation because of the calcium binding to titin and the reduction of titin's free-spring length. [jeb.biologists.org]

Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Gong G, Waris G, Tanveer R, Siddiqui A: Human hepatitis C virus NS5A protein alters intracellular calcium levels, induces oxidative stress, and activates STAT-3 and NF-κB. [doi.org]

Korenaga M, Wang T, Li Y, Showalter LA, Chan T, Sun J, Weinman SA: Hepatitis C virus core protein inhibits mitochondrial electron transport and increases reactive oxygen species [doi.org]

Primary Hyperparathyroidism

[…] surface so the serum calcium signal increases. [kidneystones.uchicago.edu]

The effects of increased calcium are seen in several body systems including the skeletal, gastrointestinal, renal (kidney), muscular, and central nervous system. [uclahealth.org]

It does this by regulating the amount of calcium passed out in the urine and increasing calcium release from bones. [yourhormones.info]

Milk-Alkali Syndrome

Recommendations for increased oral calcium intake during pregnancy along with frequent use of calcium carbonate for GI symptoms during late pregnancy increase this risk. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

calcium excretion, increased delivery of bicarbonate to the distal nephron has been shown to increase calcium reabsorption ( 51 ). [cjasn.asnjournals.org]

In the setting of pregnancy where there is a physiologic increase in calcium absorption, milk-alkali syndrome can be potentially life threatening. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma

A 45-year-old man was found by cytopathologic examination of bronchial washings to have bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest showed diffuse calcifications in the consolidated left upper lobe. Similar calcifications were seen in several mediastinal lymph nodes; these were shown[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Recurrent Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Lung

PURPOSE: To determine the response rate, survival, and toxicity of irinotecan (CPT-11), a topoisomerase I inhibitor, combined with etoposide, a topoisomerase II inhibitor, in refractory or relapsed small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-five patients with refractory or relapsed SCLC were entered[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Sarcoidosis

We believe that an increased level of calcitriol is central to the calcium abnormalities in our patient. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The increased absorption of calcium is presumed to be secondary to increased sensitivity to vitamin D, 3 and it may be decreased or abolished by the development of concomitant [doi.org]

Increased calcium intake does not suppress circulating 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in normocalcemic patients with sarcoidosis. [dx.doi.org]

Addison Disease

There's no special diet you must follow with Addison's disease, but additional calcium and vitamin D may be beneficial and increasing your sodium intake may be recommended [livestrong.com]

Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers are clinically useful as second line agents, but diuretics should be avoided. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment with steroids is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis which is a condition which may cause bones to fracture or become less dense. [adrenalfatiguesolution.com]

Nephrocalcinosis

Overview Nephrocalcinosis refers to increased calcium content of the kidneys. [checkorphan.org]

Abstract Nephrocalcinosis may be defined as a generalized increase in the calcium content of the kidneys. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Nephrocalcinosis may be defined as a generalized increase in the calcium content of the kidneys. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hypercalcemia of Malignancy

In most tumors, parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is the primary mediator of calcium. PTHrP stimulates increased bone resorption by osteoclasts. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: The signs and symptoms of increasing serum calcium are difficult to distinguish from disease-related or cytotoxic treatment-related side [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hypercalcemia of malignancy (HCM) results primarily from increased bone resorption by osteoclasts and, to a lesser extent, from increased renal tubular reabsorption. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Multiple Myeloma

calcium, renal insufficiency, anaemia, or bone lesions (CRAB) attributed to the plasma cell proliferative process. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The symptoms related to myeloma are described with the mnemonic acronym "CRAB,"with each letter corresponding to a symptom: Calcium levels are increased, which is known as [cancer.net]

In addition, damaged and eroding bones can increase your blood’s calcium levels. These higher calcium levels can interfere with your kidneys’ ability to filter waste. [healthline.com]

Parathyroid Adenoma

[…] parathyroid hormone, serum calcium increased Prognosis benign Other depression, psychosis, delirium, coma, ataxia Clin. [librepathology.org]

After treatment with Aredia (pamidronate disodium) infusion, calcium decreased to 2.73 mmol/L. In 2010 the serum calcium levels increased again to 3 mmol/L. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Phosphorus Vitamin D A 24-hour urine test may be done to check for increased calcium in the urine. [nlm.nih.gov]

Secondary Hyperparathyroidism

[…] bone calcium concentration increased from 61.13 mg/cm 3 13.85 to 62.94 mg/cm 3 14.80 (t 2.370, P .023) from baseline to follow-up. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The serum calcium level increased gradually in response to administration of vitamin D and calcium carbonate, but serum PTH level remained low. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] doses of oral calcitriol and calcium carbonate. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hodgkin Lymphoma

This increase in blood calcium, or hypercalcemia, causes subtle signs that are important for both Hodgkin's survivors and their families to recognize. [livestrong.com]

[…] release of calcium into the myocytes from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. [3, 10] Increased SNS activity is further evidenced by a marked increase in the incidence of sinus tachycardia [emedicine.medscape.com]

However, before the invasion is extensive, cancerous tissue displacing calcium in the bone will send this mineral into the blood. [livestrong.com]

Nephroblastoma

A child of 10 years 5 months presenting with chronic renal failure had bilateral cystic kidneys. Biopsy of a right lower-pole solid mass revealed nephroblastoma. At bilateral nephrectomy, both kidneys were both replaced by variable-sized cysts with a unifocal nephroblastoma on the right. Renal failure with[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Apathetic Thyrotoxicosis with Thyrotoxic Crisis

[…] tongue tremor, increased blood calcium levels, anovulatory menstrual periods, amenorrhea, which causes scanty or absent menstrual periods, decreased peripheral resistance, [livingwithgravesdisease.com]

[…] in case of Graves’ disease that may or may not be accompanied by double vision Higher rate of miscarriage Irregular heart rhythm, (more frequent in women over 60 years) Increased [hyperthyroidismsymptomsx.com]

The thyroid controls the rate of metabolism and Thyroid T3 contains nutrients that increase thyroid output and increase the body's metabolic rate without the use of stimulants [moondragon.org]

Hepatic Sarcoidosis

None of our patients had increased calcium levels. An elevated acute phase reactants was noted in all cases. [panafrican-med-journal.com]

The patient responded well to steroid treatment by normalizing serum calcium and creatinine levels and reducing lymph node size. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Kidney, urinary tract, and blood symptoms of Sarcoidosis may involve confusion, increased urination, and an increased amount of calcium in either your urine or blood, which [disabled-world.com]

VIPoma

[…] serum calcium (hypercalcemia) Increased blood glucose (hyperglycemia) Muscle weakness Crampy abdominal pain, back pain Signs and symptoms of any underlying disorder, such [dovemed.com]

[…] in intracellular calcium rate (11). [eje.bioscientifica.com]

[…] blood calcium and glucose levels. [dovemed.com]

Islet Cell Tumor

Calcium infusion test : A test to measure the amount of gastrin in the blood after a drug called calcium gluconate is infused. [rarecancers.org.au]

When there is a gastrinoma, the secretin causes an increase in how much gastric acid is made and the level of gastrin in the blood. [rarecancers.org.au]

Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Nocardiosis is an opportunistic infection in a patient with underlying immune suppression and organ transplant. Clinical syndromes are varied and ranges from pulmonary, disseminated, cutaneous along with central nervous system involvement. Herein, we report a rare case of disseminated pulmonary nocardiosis with[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Proximal Renal Tubular Acidosis

Vitamin D deficiency causes impaired calcium absorption which can lead to osteomalacia in adults and is also associated with extraskeletal sequelae including increased risks [sjkdt.org]

[…] with profound acidosis Increased Normal Decreased K excretion Increased Increased Decreased Calcium excretion Increased Normal to increased Normal (?) [netscut.templaro.com]

Potassium citrate can be substituted when persistent hypokalemia is present or, because sodium increases calcium excretion, when calcium calculi are present. [merckmanuals.com]

Pheochromocytoma

[…] tyrosine hydroxylase expression, intracellular calcium and neoangiogenesis Increased plasma levels, increased adrenal mRNA expression Adrenomedullin Increases adrenal blood [pathologyoutlines.com]

It is likely that they reduce arterial pressure by inhibiting NE‐mediated increases in intracellular calcium in vascular smooth muscle, not by decreasing catecholamine synthesis [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

We increased the doses of doxazosin and carvedilol, which stabilized his hemodynamic status. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]