Cavitation: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for Cavitation

Pulmonary Infarction

Aseptic cavitation of a sterile pulmonary infarct should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any cavitating lung lesion, particularly if it shows the above features [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We discuss the common causes of pulmonary cavitation, with special emphasis on embolism, and the radiologic appearance and management of pulmonary cavitation. [rc.rcjournal.com]

A nodular opacity in the right lung that transformed into a cavitating lesion was documented by computerized axial tomography. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pulmonary Clear Cell Tumor

Radiographic features Usually seen as a rounded, smooth-walled, and peripheral parenchymal nodule without cavitation or calcification. [radiopaedia.org]

There was no definite cavitation or necrosis. [spandidos-publications.com]

Cut surfaces are typically homogeneous and glistening without evidence of hemorrhage, necrosis, cavitation, or calcification. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Lung Abscess

CT is not routinely needed (eg, if cavitation is clear on chest x-ray in a patient who has risk factors for lung abscess). [merckmanuals.com]

However, CT may be useful when cavitation is suggested but not clearly seen on the chest x-ray, when an underlying pulmonary mass obstructing the drainage of a lung segment [merckmanuals.com]

This pattern helps distinguish anaerobic abscess from other causes of cavitary pulmonary disease, because diffuse or embolic pulmonary disease often causes multiple cavitations [merckmanuals.com]

Chemical Burn

Chemical burn Chemical burns caused by exposure to mustard gas during the First World War. Specialty Emergency medicine Symptoms itching, bleaching or darkening of skin, burning sensations, trouble breathing, coughing blood and/or tissue necrosis Causes most common include: sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium[…] [en.wikipedia.org]

Pulmonary Cavitary Tuberculosis

Postmortem examination of lungs There is prominent scarring and cavitation, predominantly affecting the apical aspect of the right lung, along with background mild pneumonic [radiopaedia.org]

The following group of photographs illustrate upper lobe/apical cavitary disease: Cavitation and tuberculous bronchopneumonia Cavitation and tuberculous bronchopneumonia Cavitation [granuloma.homestead.com]

Even then, cavitation can be an infrequent event ( Lin et al., 2013 ). [dmm.biologists.org]

Aspergilloma

Cavitation in pulmonary sarcoidosis is rather unusual and even rarer in the alveolar form of the disease. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Reported literature suggests its development in cystic lesions/cavitation associated with tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, bronchiectasis, lung abscess, and cavitating neoplasm [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A cavitation with thick margins in the ablation zone was noticed 6 months after PRFA. A biopsy was performed, and aspergilloma was diagnosed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Dental Caries

The prevalence of untreated dental caries was 74.9% (335), with a specific mean of affected surfaces by cavitated or non-cavitated lesions of 9.7 ± 9.4 ( Table 2 ). [scielo.br]

[…] expanded cavitation. [pocketdentistry.com]

Early Childhood Caries is defined as the presence of one or more decayed (non-cavitated or cavitated lesions), missing (due to caries) or filled tooth surfaces in any primary [web.archive.org]

Staphylococcal Pneumonia

Note the low-attenuation areas ( Fig. 50.1D ), reflecting regions of necrosis and the cavitation. [radiologykey.com]

RESULTS: The most striking features were the presence of multilobar consolidation on presentation, cavitation, pneumatocoeles and spontaneous pneumothorax, together with a [thorax.bmj.com]

Chest X-rays showed unilateral consolidation in 14 cases, bilateral consolidation in 10, pleural effusion in 15, rapid radiological progression of pulmonary lesions in 14, cavitation [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Penetrating Wound

The ability to survive temporary cavitation blunt trauma is very specific. [hsj.gr]

[8] Temporary cavitation [ edit ] High-velocity objects are usually projectiles such as bullets from high-powered rifles, such as assault rifles [7] or sniper rifles. [en.wikipedia.org]

Penetrating trauma causes a permanent cavitation; an opening in the body caused by a force that pushes body tissues away from the path of the projectile. [medictests.com]

Septic Embolus

Coronal-reformatted CT of the chest shows multiple peripheral masses, most with cavitation (white arrows). [learningradiology.com]

typically over 24-48 hours Nodules often in various stages of cavitation: No wall to thin wall May change in number or appearance (size or degree of cavitation) from day [radiologykey.com]

There is some suggestion of cavitation of the larger nodules. CT images confirm numerous parenchymal nodules, many of which have central cavitation. [vcuthoracicimaging.com]

Pulmonary Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis

Diffuse multifocal air-space opacities with or without cavitation may also be seen. [pubs.rsna.org]

Figure 1 CT scan showing a cavitating lesion in the left lower lobe and multiple opacities in the right lung. [thorax.bmj.com]

[…] in the fourth to sixth decade of life) and commonly affecting the lungs (with presentations varying from small bilateral pulmonary nodules to large necrotic and sometimes cavitating [orpha.net]

Pulmonary Tuberculosis

KEYWORDS: Pulmonary tuberculosis; cavitation; chest x-ray; pretreatment [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Imaging showed patchy airspace opacities with cavitation in left lung. Imaging of the neck revealed retrosternal extension of the goitre. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cystic Lung Disease

[…] type of cavitating metastatic lesions. 1, 2, 3 CT scan also is very sensitive to detect cavitating metastatic adenocarcinomas. [ispub.com]

This may initially result in the nodules appearing to cavitate and a differential diagnosis for cavitating nodules may sometimes be incorrectly entertained. [link.springer.com]

[…] review the definition of pulmonary cysts To differentiate from other air filled pulmonary lesions, like an emphysematous bulla, cystic bronchiectasis, honeycombing, and a cavitating [dx.doi.org]

Caplan Syndrome

They can cavitate, calcify, or develop air-fluid levels. Grossly, they can resemble a giant silicotic nodule. [en.wikipedia.org]

CT scanning gives a better picture of cavitation. [ 4 ] Spirometry may reveal a mixed restrictive and obstructive ventilatory defect with a loss of lung volume. [patient.info]

One of the large nodules showed cavitation during follow-up. Computed tomography (CT) was helpful in identifying calcification in another large nodule. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pulmonary Lymphoma

We report the case of a patient with Hodgkin's disease who demonstrated multiple cavitating lung lesions with aberrant immunophenotypic expression of T-cell antigens. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A chest roentgenogram showed a dense mass with cavitation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cavitated pulmonary mass with pleural effusion. [archbronconeumol.org]

Syringomyelia

Abstract Syringomyelia (central cavitation of the spinal cord) and syringobulbia (cavitation of the medulla) are relatively rare disorders. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

OBJECTIVE: Syringomyelia is considered as a fluid-filled cavitation inside the spinal cord. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Syringomyelia is a fluid-filled cavitation within the substance of the spinal cord. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Aspergillosis

In US studies up to 1984, cavitation rates varied from 2% to 12.5% and aspergilloma rates from 1% to 11% [ 29 – 36 ]. [doi.org]

We found no papers describing the rate of CPA after PTB without reference to pulmonary cavitation or in patients without cavitation. Fig. 2. [who.int]

The pneumonic consolidation may spread gradually and undergo cavitation. [patient.info]

Lemierre Syndrome

In contrast to the preantibiotic era, cavitating pneumonia and septic arthritis are now uncommon. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Computed tomographic imaging of the chest revealed bilateral pleural effusion and multiple areas of consolidation with cavitation (Panel B, arrows). [content.nejm.org]

The previous classical description of severe sepsis with cavitating pneumonia and septic arthritis was not commonly seen in our review. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Lingular Pneumonia

They can mimic pneumothorax or a cavitating lung mass. [radiopaedia.org]

The following images were performed 24 h later. b Plain chest radiograph with the child intubated and ventilated revealing cavitation in the right mid to upper zones, pleural [pneumonia.biomedcentral.com]

An underlying cavitating mass is considered less likely. [radiopaedia.org]

Pulmonary Metastasis

Cavitating pulmonary metastases refer to pulmonary metastases which then tend to cavitate. [radiopaedia.org]

[…] tuberculosis: upper lobe predominant consolidative region with cavitation [radiopaedia.org]

[…] bacterial abscess/cavitating pneumonia post-pneumonic pneumatocele: a thin walled pneumatocele is not really a cavity but when infected can be thick-walled septic pulmonary [radiopaedia.org]

Anthracosilicosis

Selected aspects related to the evaluation of disability, cavitation, and the unusual x-ray. ( 13808413 ) CATHCART R.T....FRAIMOW W. 1960 23 On the experimental anthracosis [malacards.org]

[…] or calcify Nodules peripheral and subpleural in location; cavitation may produce pneumothorax May evolve quickly, occasionally disappear Small branching centrilobular structures [radiologykey.com]

Caplan syndrome, originally described in coal workers, is characterized by pulmonary nodules with cavitation in silica workers with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. [7] [emedicine.medscape.com]

Necrotizing Alveolitis

The pneumonic consolidation may spread gradually and undergo cavitation. [patient.info]

Look for nodules with cavitation. [radiologyassistant.nl]

Complications occur when a lesion cavitates and becomes infected or ruptures into the pleural space [ 79 ]. [err.ersjournals.com]

Neuroferritinopathy

Iron deposition in the caudate head and cavitation in the lateral globus pallidus correlated with UDRS score (p < 0.001). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Brain magnetic resonance imaging demonstrates iron deposition in the basal ganglia and cavitation. [eurekaselect.com]

Our data show that progressive iron accumulation in the caudate nucleus, and cavitation of the globus pallidus correlate with disease severity in neuroferritinopathy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Rheumatoid Lung Disease

Cavitation of a rheumatoid lung nodule caused the pneumothorax in at least 1 case. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The subpleural location of the nodules and cavitation were more easily diagnosed using CT. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

( necrobiotic lung nodules ) cavitation of a peripheral nodule can lead to pneumothorax or hemopneumothorax. follicular bronchiolitis small centrilobular nodules or tree-in-bud [radiopaedia.org]

Pulmonary Nocardiosis

CONCLUSIONS: Among the HRCT findings in patients with pneumonia, a nodule/mass with interlobular septal thickening and/or cavitation are suggestive of pulmonary nocardiosis [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] multiple nodules, p < 0.045 for cavitation). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

On imaging it can sometimes mimic: lung cancer : in particular SCC with cavitation non-nocardial lung abscess tuberculosis actinomycosis Promoted articles (advertising) [radiopaedia.org]

Pulmonary Histiocytosis X

The other abnormalities included nodules (n = 14), cavitated nodules (n = 3), thick-walled cysts (n = 7), reticulation (n = 4), ground-glass opacities (n = 4), and irregular [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Look for nodules with cavitation. [radiologyassistant.nl]

[…] organizing pneumonia frequently seen at periphery of nodules Intra-lumenal macrophages may be prominent in alveoli adjacent to nodule Not a diffuse finding Nodules frequently cavitate [surgpathcriteria.stanford.edu]

Pulmonary Plasma Cell Granuloma

Cavitation is exceedingly rare. Hilar and mediastinal adenopathy is also very uncommon. [humpath.com]

[…] excision with histologic examination Radiology description Xray: single, well defined, round or oval mass CT: may show pleural retraction if lesion involves pleura, may show cavitation [pathologyoutlines.com]

Cavitation is not common. [e-immunohistochemistry.info]

Pulmonary Cryptococcosis

We describe here a case of rapidly progressive pulmonary with cavitation in an immunocompetent woman. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cavitations within nodules/masses were more frequently present in immunocompromised patients than in immunocompetent patients (P = 0.009), and in AIDS patients than in non-AIDS [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Associated cavitation may be seen in up to 40% of cases 8. Occasionally, unusual presentation such as large cavities may be seen 13. [radiopaedia.org]

Pulmonary Histoplasmosis

After being clinically cured, one of our patients presented an Aspergillus fungus ball inside a cavitation in the wall of which H. capsulatum was disclosed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The differential diagnosis with tuberculosis should be made in patients presenting with cavitated lesions in upper lung segments. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Chest radiography showing upper lobe fibrosis and cavitation secondary to chronic histoplasmosis. [swjpcc.com]

Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis

Ultrathin bronchoscopy provides a new option for definitive diagnosis of cavitating IPA. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Many disorders can present as cavitating lesions in the lung. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pneumothorax can be a rare complication of subacute IPA due to a leakage of air from an air-filled lung cavitation into the pleural space. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]