Central Scotoma: Causes & Reasons

Possible Causes for Central Scotoma

An initially small central or pericentral scotoma slowly enlarges, typically involving both the fixation and the blind spot (centrocecal scotoma), and progressively interferes [msdmanuals.com]

Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy

However, many patients will continue to expand the size of their central scotoma which, over a period of years, produces a more profound level of blindness. [orpha.net]

The central scotoma gradually improved, and the visual acuity had recovered to 0.3 in August 2007. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Swelling of the optic nerve head, vascular tortuosity, peripapillary telangiectasia, microangiopathy and central scotomas on visual field testing are all signs of LHON. [orpha.net]

Toxic Retinopathy

(failure to see the dot suggests a central scotoma). [patient.info]

scotomas, or bitemporal see http://www.eyedrugregistry.com/ if using examine every month if dose >15mg/kg/day (physicians desk reference).Average male dose is 1gm/day, which [goodhopeeyeclinic.org.uk]

Discussion and report of three cases of central scotomas. Arch Ophthalmol 1966; 76: 640-645. 20. Closson RG. [geneesmiddelenbulletin.com]

Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy

Early loss of inferior temporal RNFL in ADOA is related to superotemporal central scotoma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy Dominant optic atrophy Optic neuropathy Color vision defect Tritan color vision defect Blue-yellow color vision defect Central scotoma [journals.lww.com]

Central-seco scotomas were evident in both eyes, with the loss extending into both foveas. [healio.com]

Foster-Kennedy Syndrome

Symptoms include Visual loss in 70% of cases, visual field defects, usually a central scotoma, in 9%, and extraocular motility limitation in 6% [8]. [heraldopenaccess.us]

Ken·ne·dy syn·drome ( ken'ĕ-dē ), ipsilateral optic atrophy with central scotoma and contralateral choked disc or papilledema, caused by a meningioma of the ipsilateral optic [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Ken·ne·dy syn·drome (ken'ĕ-dē), ipsilateral optic atrophy with central scotoma and contralateral choked disc or papilledema, caused by a meningioma of the ipsilateral optic [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Primary Optic Atrophy

scotoma OS Orthophoric Minimal amplitude horizontal pendular 10 CF 5′ CF 5′ 0 0 Diffuse optic atrophy OU Central scotomas OU Orthophoric None 11 20/200 20/100 Small discs [iovs.arvojournals.org]

SITA Standard 30-2 Humphrey Visual Field testing from the initial visit in February 2011 shows central scotoma OS. [journal.opted.org]

scotomas in the perimetry and pseudoedema of the optic disc, followed by optic atrophy. [link.springer.com]

Secondary Optic Atrophy

[…] m) may make the identification of a small central scotoma much easier. [medtextfree.wordpress.com]

SITA Standard 30-2 Humphrey Visual Field testing from the initial visit in February 2011 shows central scotoma OS. [journal.opted.org]

scotomas in the perimetry and pseudoedema of the optic disc, followed by optic atrophy. [link.springer.com]

Macular Degeneration

Head Mounted Eye Tracking Aide for Loss of Central Vision (HETALCEV) Participants with bilateral central scotomas will be selected for this study during their routine clinical [centerwatch.com]

If the are to be treated involves the central macula, a large grey spot will result in the central vision. This “scotoma” is permanent. [retinaeyedoctor.com]

[…] vision (central scotoma) that will get bigger without treatment Symptoms appear and progress more rapidly than with dry AMD. [medicalnewstoday.com]

Behr Syndrome

Central scotomas and dyschromatopsia may be present. [disorders.eyes.arizona.edu]

scotoma. [databases.lovd.nl]

[…] atrophy (DOA, Kjer type, MIM#165500) is characterized by moderate to severe loss of visual acuity with insidious onset in early childhood, blue-yellow dyschromatopsia and central [databases.lovd.nl]

Papilledema

scotoma (loss of vision in the middle of the visual fields) in the ipsilateral eye anosmia (loss of smell) ipsilaterally This syndrome is due to optic nerve compression, [en.wikipedia.org]

[…] fields still showed persistent but incomplete binasal central scotomas. [surgicalneurologyint.com]

[…] with the absence of a mass.[3] Presentation[edit] The syndrome is defined as the following changes: optic atrophy in the ipsilateral eye disc edema in the contralateral eye central [en.wikipedia.org]

Cone Rod Dystrophy Type 15

In type 1b, there was no central scotoma, and cone thresholds were more elevated peripherally than centrally. [jamanetwork.com]

[…] dysfunction Type II (More severe) Central scotoma, Eccentric fixation, Cone >> Rod functional loss in the periphery, Relatively normal midperipheral fields Type III Central [slideshare.net]

scotomas, and loss of central vision) prevails compared to rod dysfunction. [medscape.com]

Optic Atrophy Type 5

METHOD: Three patients with bilateral optic atrophy and central scotomas of their visual fields were clinically diagnosed with ADOA. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

scotoma Temporal pallor and atrophy Anomalous configuration DOA110 16 0.3/0.3 -1.75/-1.25 Dyschromatopsia, no specific axis Outer borders normal, mild relative central scotoma [bmcmedgenet.biomedcentral.com]

Humphrey visual field test shows cecocentral scotoma in right eye and central scotoma in left eye. [eyewiki.aao.org]

Geographic Atrophy

He has central scotomas OU on Goldmann visual field testing. [aaopt.org]

A person with geographic atrophy will see a central scotoma, a blind spot directly in their center of vision. [associatedretinaconsultants.com]

GA leads to central scotomas, which are blind or blurry spots in the central field of vision. [texasretina.com]

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

A bedside ocular examination showed 20/100 in both eyes while using glasses; no visual field cuts or obvious central scotoma was present. [mdedge.com]

Central scotomas, inferior nasal defects, and peripheral constriction are the next most common field defects. 28 It is still unclear which factors predispose to permanent [dx.doi.org]

Methanol Poisoning

However, a right central scotoma persisted, and bilateral optic atrophy was present. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

scotoma, reduced visual acuity, loss of color vision, and blindness [ 7, 11 ]. [omicsonline.org]

Ocular findings can be prominent and may include photophobia, central scotoma, visual field defects, fixed pupils and difficulty with light adaptation. [renalandurologynews.com]

Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Ocular: Impairment of central vision; central scotoma; atrophic macular degeneration surrounded by retinal hemorrhages, resulting in mountlike lesion; exudative and atrophic [esanatos.com]

Hereditary dystrophies of the central retina and choroid. In: Winkelman JE, Crone RA, eds. Perspectives in Ophthalmology, vol. 2. Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica, 1970. [esanatos.com]

Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum

Usually, central scotoma tends to increase in size if untreated, and subsequently, scarring of the macula occurs. [eyewiki.aao.org]

Neovessels and retinal haemorrhages result in macular symptoms (metamorphopsia, scotoma), peripapillary atrophy, disciform macular/foveal scarring, and definitive central [doi.org]

scotoma. [eyewiki.aao.org]

Multiple Sclerosis

In NMO patients, 33% of patients showed both central scotoma and non-central scotoma, and 13% of patients showed non-central scotoma every time. [dx.doi.org]

[…] include any of the following: Complete blood count (CBC) to evaluate for features of anemia, leukemia, or leukocytosis Serum vitamin B-12 and folate levels (eg, bilateral central [emedicine.com]

Central vision is affected more than peripheral vision. [msdmanuals.com]

Neuromyelitis Optica

Later, unilateral or bilateral ocular pain, acuity and color disturbances, phosphenes, as well as central scotomas start affect the patient secondary to the optic neuropathy [eyewiki.aao.org]

Visual field testing typically reveals a central scotoma. [one.wikia.com]

Glaucoma

Paracentral scotomas—blind spots adjacent to the macula or central region—are in fact one of the identifiable patterns of visual field loss associated with glaucoma. [visionaware.org]

Central Vision Testing Glaucoma is often so strongly associated with peripheral vision loss that central vision loss due to glaucoma can be overlooked. [visionaware.org]

Lead Poisoning

Goldmann visual fields showed a dense central scotoma in the right eye and a dense cecocentral scotoma in the left. [revophth.com]

Optic neuritis is believed to be the most common ocular manifestation, resulting in a central or cecocentral scotoma. [revophth.com]

[…] or cecocentral scotoma. [revophth.com]

Retinitis Pigmentosa 66

Patients with deep low vision showed a bigger accumulation of pigment in the peripheral higher retina, a sensitiveness threshold below 18 dB, and absolute scotoma. [go.gale.com]

[…] fundus of RP subjects include waxen pallor of the optical disc, pigmentation in the form of bone spicules, arteriolar attenuation, visual field [less than or equal to] 10 central [go.gale.com]

Pernicious Anemia

Visual field examination by perimetry demonstrates a central or cecocentral scotoma. [ispub.com]

Leber Congenital Amaurosis

[…] by an enlarging central scotoma. [patient.info]

Visual field testing shows an enlarging central scotoma. Fluorescein angiography may be useful in the acute phase. [patient.info]

Prognosis [ 14, 15 ] In the acute phase, patients describe a loss of colour vision in one eye, followed by a painless subacute decrease in central visual acuity, accompanied [patient.info]

Temporal Arteritis

The affected eye will often show an altitudinal visual field defect, but arcuate and cecocentral scotoma’s have also been reported. [reviewofoptometry.com]

Other signs that may be associated with AAION include cotton wool spots, central retinal artery occlusion, branch retinal artery occlusion and cranial nerve involvement (especially [reviewofoptometry.com]

Occlusion of the Ophthalmic Artery

BMC Ophthalmol. 2017 Jun 15;17(1):92. doi: 10.1186/s12886-017-0490-7. Author information 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latiff,[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Myopic Macular Degeneration

Thus, biofeedback training using MP-1 can improve the visual function in patients with macular diseases and central scotoma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Case Report A 59-year-old woman presented with central scotoma in both eyes since 1-year. [ijo.in]

Central scotomas (shadows or missing areas of vision) Distorted vision (i.e. metamorphopsia) - A grid of straight lines appears wavy and parts of the grid may appear blank [visivite.com]

Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma

To present an unusual case of simultaneous bilateral acute angle-closure (AAC) glaucoma in a patient with subarachnoid hemorrhage due to an aneurysm involving the right middle cerebral artery. A 60-year-old woman with a clinically inexplicable bilateral nonreacting mydriasis after brain surgery underwent an[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Retrobulbar Neuritis

It was characterized by decreased visual acuity, mid dilated pupil with sluggish reaction, normal optic disc and central scotoma in Humphrey visual field. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The patient, however, had a Marcus Gunn pupil, decreased color vision, and a large central scotoma on visual field examination. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

High signal both nerves, normal L > R 12 Central scotoma Central scotoma High signal both nerves Normal Atrophy both nerves 13 Central scotoma Central scotoma High signal [doi.org]

Purtscher's Retinopathy

However, a localized central scotoma and afferent pupillary defect still persisted. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Visual field testing revealed a right sided central scotoma (fig 2). [emj.bmj.com]

scotoma OD and multiple peripapillary CWS following a thoracic compression injury. [slideplayer.com]