Cerebrospinal Fluid Pleocytosis: Causes & Reasons

Possible Causes for Cerebrospinal Fluid Pleocytosis

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tests revealed a pleocytosis together with a low CSF glucose concentration. Empirically, antituberculosis treatment was started. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Most patients had hypoglycorrhachia and elevated levels of protein in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). [doi.org]

(STA) titers positivity in serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). 4- CSF findings, revealing chronic meningitis (lymphocytic pleocytosis, increased protein level, decreased [scielo.br]

Rabies

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed lymphocytic pleocytosis (WBC-20), elevated proteins (76 mg/dl), normal glucose (60 mg/dl, blood glucose of 112 mg/dl), and negative [doi.org]

Examination of cerebrospinal fluid from the three patients showed pleocytosis, with an average of 18 cells per cubic millimeter (range, 7 to 35), and elevated protein levels [dx.doi.org]

Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome

Clinical manifestations include anterior and posterior uveitis, vitiligo, tinnitus, exudative retinal detachment and cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. [aaopt.org]

fluid pleocytosis. [accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com]

Other features include the central nervous system and cutaneous origin, including deafness (sensorineural), headache, tinnitus, dysacousis, and meningism associated with cerebrospinal [accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com]

Aseptic Meningitis

An outbreak-associated aseptic meningitis case was defined as an illness of any team or family member with onset during July 28-August 11 with 1) cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed neutrophilic pleocytosis and hyperproteinorrachia. All microbiological tests were negative. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tests demonstrated lymphocytic pleocytosis with a decreased CSF-blood glucose ratio. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Mollaret's Meningitis

Also known as recurrent lymphocytic meningitis, this entity involves repeated episodes of headache, stiff neck, fever, and cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cerebrospinal fluid examination revealed pleocytosis (cell count 208/mm 3 ) and was positive for herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) DNA by PCR. [jstage.jst.go.jp]

Subacute Transverse Myelitis

A lumbar puncture is performed, which shows cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis, and an increased IgG index. [medbullets.com]

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) showed pleocytosis and was positive for anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG intrathecal antibodies, but the CSF PCR for CMV was negative. [medicinebyalexandrosgsfakianakisblog.wordpress.com]

Visceral Leishmaniasis

Visceral leishmaniasis, also known as kala-azar, is characterized by irregular bouts of fever, substantial weight loss, swelling of the spleen and liver, and anaemia (which may be serious). If the disease is not treated, the fatality rate in developing countries can be as high as 100% within 2 years. Download high[…] [who.int]

Lyme Meningoencephalitis

Patients All children with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis aged 3 months to 14 years. [adc.bmj.com]

We defined a case of Lyme meningitis as a child with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and either positive Lyme serology or an erythema migrans rash. [journals.lww.com]

Cranial MRI showed no abnormalities, but two lumbar punctures showed cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis with raised protein values. [thelancet.com]

Myelitis

A lumbar puncture is performed, which shows cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis, and an increased IgG index. [step2.medbullets.com]

We report the case of a 9-year-old girl admitted with fever, headache, and a cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytic pleocytosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Transverse Myelitis

Clues to an infectious etiology included fever, raised inflammatory markers and cerebrospinal fluid neutrophilic pleocytosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Compared with seronegative patients, those with MOG-abs were younger (median: 32.5 vs 44 years; p=0.007), had cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis more frequently (94% vs 45%, [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

fluid pleocytosis or elevated IgG index,† or MRI revealing a gadolinium-enhancing cord lesion Exclusion of compressive, postradiation, neoplastic, and vascular causes * Clinical [medicalcriteria.com]

Neurosyphilis

In addition, cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed pleocytosis and elevated protein levels. High-dose intravenous penicillin therapy was administered. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In patients who also are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), this is even more challenging, as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis can be attributed to HIV [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis was defined as more than 5 white cells per cubic millimeter. [doi.org]

Leptospiral Meningitis

Four patients with suspected meningitis (57%) had cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis indicative of leptospiral meningitis and presented with headache, fever and neck stiffness [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Echovirus Meningitis

An outbreak-associated aseptic meningitis case was defined as an illness of any team or family member with onset during July 28–August 11 with 1) cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis [cdc.gov]

Prediction of bacterial meningitis based on cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis in children. Braz J Infect Dis 2013; 17(4):401-4. Hendaus M, Khalifa M. [acm.org.br]

fluid (CSF) pleocytosis in the absence of bacteria or fungi. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Bonnemann-Meinecke-Reich Syndrome

Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline Mehta L., Trounce JQ, Moore JR, Young ID : Familial calcification of the basal ganglia with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. [journals.sagepub.com]

Familial calcification of the basal ganglia with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

fluid lymphocytosis. [journals.sagepub.com]

Acute Hemorrhagic Leukoencephalitis

fluid pleocytosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A lumbar puncture revealed bloody cerebrospinal fluid and polymorphonuclear predominant pleocytosis with an elevated protein level and normal glucose level. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed mild polymorphonuclear pleocytosis and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed supratentorial focal white matter lesions and diffuse [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus

Characterising features were female gender, young age, previous good health, cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis (in 4), antecedent febrile illness (in 5), extraordinarily prolonged [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid in NORSE patients also commonly demonstrated inflammatory pleocytosis, with infectious etiology being the third most commonly identified, although [operativeneurosurgery.com]

fluid pleocytosis.10 These cases are most likely to be autoimmune encephalitis, but the antibodies are not available or have not yet been identified. [hkmj.org]

Acute Transverse Myelitis

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis indicated central nervous system inflammation; CSF polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for CMV, however, was negative. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A lumbar puncture is performed, which shows cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis, and an increased IgG index. [medbullets.com]

Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed pleocytosis, increased protein and decreased glucose. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis

fluid pleocytosis, and a markedly irritable mental status. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

fluid pleocytosis (P = 0.04) or multifocal enhancing magnetic resonance imaging lesions (P < 0.001). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Markers cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis 12 cerebrospinal fluid may show an increase in myelin basic protein anti-MOG antibodies 12 Appearances vary from small punctate lesions [radiopaedia.org]

Chemical Meningitis

Cerebrospinal fluid examination showed pleocytosis and a high protein level. There were no malignant cytological findings. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cerebrospinal fluid examination showed pleocytosis, an increased protein level and, a decreased glucose concentration. No organisms were observed on a culture study. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A lumbar puncture usually reveals an elevated opening pressure and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis ranging from hundreds to several thousands of WBCs, although counts [mdmag.com]

Arbovirus Encephalitis

Japanese encephalitis presenting without cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. [revistabiomedica.org]

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis is usual, with up to 1000 leukocytes/mm 3. [atsu.edu]

Absence of pleocytosis in cerebrospinal fluid does not exclude herpes simplex virus encephalitis in elderly adults. [revistabiomedica.org]

Meningitis

BACKGROUND: Lack of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis has been reported in some children with enteroviral meningitis (EVM). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This included 24 of the 26 patients with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and signs of meningococcal disease. [doi.org]

In the remaining 11 cases (8%), all of whom had a cerebrospinal fluid neutrophil pleocytosis, the pathogen was unknown. [doi.org]

Giant-Cell Granulomatous Hypophysitis

Lumbar puncture revealed a cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytic pleocytosis and an elevated protein level. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Laboratory data revealed elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), eosinophilia, and lymphocytic pleocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Central European Encephalitis

fluid pleocytosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A case of TBE is defined by the presence of clinical signs of meningitis, meningoencephalitis or meningoencephalomyelitis with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis (>5 × [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

fluid (csf) pleocytosis, and concentrations of CCR5 ligands (chemokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5) and CCR5 genotype. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Enterovirus Infection

[…] of cerebrospinal fluid glucose and protein. [pedsinreview.aappublications.org]

Enteroviruses are the most common cause of aseptic meningitis, which usually presents with fever, meningeal signs, cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis (<500 white blood cells/ [pedsinreview.aappublications.org]

CNS MANIFESTATIONS OF INFECTIONS WITH NPEV Meningitis Aseptic meningitis is defined as a syndrome with acute onset of meningeal symptoms, fever and cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis [journals.lww.com]

Viral Meningitis

Fluid Pleocytosis and Enteroviral Meningitis. [dx.doi.org]

LM was defined as the presence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis with positive Lyme serology and/or erythema migrans. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

fluid pleocytosis (principally lymphocytic), abdominal pain, stiffness of the neck and back, and a short uncomplicated course. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Lyme Neuroborreliosis

[…] with definite Lyme neuroborreliosis (group 1, n = 49), defined by both cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and Borrelia-specific antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid and from two [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

fluid pleocytosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Diagnosis was based on new onset ocular motor disturbances and detection of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis and intrathecal synthesis of Bb IgM and/or IgG antibodies [mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com]

Encephalomyelitis

This test is useful because evidence of inflammation is common in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), with pleocytosis (increased white blood cell count) and/or increased protein concentration [myelitis.org]

HaNDL Syndrome

Synonyms Migrainous syndrome with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis Syndrome of transient headache and neurological deficits with cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis: HaNDL Pseudomigraine [rarediseases.org]

fluid lymphocytosis (HaNDL) syndrome was first described as a migrainous syndrome with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis in 1981.1 Recently, the ophthalmologic involvements [nature.com]

References Bartleson JD, Swanson JW, Whisnant JP (1981) A migrainous syndrome with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. [link.springer.com]

Paraneoplastic Encephalitis

Referencias 1. Venkatesan A, Tunkel AR, Bloch KC, Lauring AS, Sejvar J, Bitnun A, et al. Case definitions, diagnostic algorithms, and priorities in encephalitis: Consensus statement of the international encephalitis consortium. Clin Infect Dis 2013; 57 (8): 1114-28. [ Links ] 2. Granerod J, Ambrose HE, Davies NWS, Clewley[…] [scielo.cl]

Serotonin Syndrome

Overview Serotonin syndrome is a serious drug reaction. It is caused by medications that build up high levels of serotonin in the body. Serotonin is a chemical that the body produces naturally. It's needed for the nerve cells and brain to function. But too much serotonin causes signs and symptoms that can range[…] [mayoclinic.org]