Cigarette Smoking: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for Cigarette Smoking

Malignant Neoplasm of the Lung

Smoking Cigarette smoking is the number one risk factor for lung cancer. In the United States, cigarette smoking is linked to about 80% to 90% of lung cancer deaths. [cdc.gov]

Cigar and pipe smoking increases the risk of lung cancer but not as much as smoking cigarettes. About 90% of lung cancers arise due to tobacco use. [emedicinehealth.com]

Unrelated to cigarette smoking, carcinoid tumors can metastasize, and a small proportion of these tumors secrete hormone-like substances. [webmd.com]

Bronchitis

The most common cause of chronic bronchitis is cigarette smoking. [mayoclinic.com]

Prevention To reduce your risk of bronchitis, follow these tips: Avoid cigarette smoke. Cigarette smoke increases your risk of chronic bronchitis. Get vaccinated. [mayoclinic.com]

Risk factors Factors that increase your risk of bronchitis include: Cigarette smoke. [mayoclinic.com]

Acute Bronchitis

The most common cause of chronic bronchitis is cigarette smoking. [mayoclinic.com]

Prevention To reduce your risk of bronchitis, follow these tips: Avoid cigarette smoke. Cigarette smoke increases your risk of chronic bronchitis. Get vaccinated. [mayoclinic.com]

Risk factors Factors that increase your risk of bronchitis include: Cigarette smoke. [mayoclinic.com]

Sinusitis

Avoid cigarette smoke and polluted air. Tobacco smoke and air contaminants can irritate and inflame your lungs and nasal passages. Use a humidifier. [mayoclinic.com]

On epidemiologic grounds, some association has been found between CRS prevalence and air pollution, active cigarette smoking, secondhand smoke exposure, perennial allergic [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

smoke). [rxlist.com]

Upper Respiratory Infection

Cigarette smoking can substantially increase the risk for upper respiratory infection in young men. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cigarette smoking can substantially increase the risk for upper respiratory infection in young men. FULL TEXT [annals.org]

Smoking. You're more likely to catch a cold and to have more-severe colds if you're exposed to cigarette smoke. Exposure. [mayoclinic.com]

Pulmonary Emphysema

COPD is caused by chronic exposure to cigarette smoke and/or other environmental pollutants that are believed to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that gradually disrupt [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cigarette smoke, a source of oxidants, is an environmental hazard that causes pulmonary emphysema. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

METHODS: Cigarette smoke extract in vitro and elastase or cigarette smoke exposure in vivo were used to model smoke-related cell stress and airspace enlargement. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Cigarette smoke and oxidative stress are main etiological risks in COPD. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cigarette smoke also contributes to the imbalance of oxidant/antioxidant due to exogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Factors related to the disease itself and gender, rather than cigarette smoking, may account for this imbalance. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Chronic Laryngitis

Risk Factors Respiratory tract infections, such as colds, sinusitis and bronchitis Exposure to irritants such as cigarette smoke, stomach acid, or chemical fumes Overusing [singhealth.com.sg]

More often, the specialist sees that the vocal cords have been irritated by cigarette smoke, stomach acid or something in the air the person breathes. [askdoctork.com]

National Smoking Prevalence Survey conducted by Korean Association of Smoking and Health provided earlier prevalence data, which reported adult cigarette smoking prevalence [journals.plos.org]

Acute Laryngitis

Other causes can include allergies, a bacterial or fungal infection, inhaling irritants (such as cigarette smoke), or acid reflux. [prevention.com]

Excessive use of the voice, allergies, inhalation of certain medications, or irritants such as cigarette smoke can cause acute or persistent (chronic) laryngitis. [msdmanuals.com]

Avoid irritants and allergens Avoid exposing yourself to cigarette smoke, paint fumes or other irritants as well as anything you might be allergic to — from pets to pollen [prevention.com]

Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma

Whether DNA damage caused by cigarette smoke leads to repair or apoptosis has not been fully elucidated. [doi.org]

The association of age at smoking initiation and former cigarette smoking was similar across types, while the association of smoking duration differed. [doi.org]

Cigar smoking and pipe smoking are almost as likely to cause lung cancer as cigarette smoking. [cancer.org]

Chronic Bronchitis

BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking causes Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), the 3rd leading cause of death in the U.S. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract Cigarette smoking causes acquired cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) dysfunction and is associated with delayed mucociliary clearance and [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

METHODS: Acute cigarette-smoke-induced airway inflammation was studied in wild-type and Frizzled-8-deficient mice. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Malignant Neoplasm of the Urinary Bladder

Nawrot, An Epidemiological Appraisal of Smoking‐Related Outcomes, Cigarette Smoke Toxicity, (93-120), (2011). [doi.org]

But several things may make you more likely to develop it: Cigarette smoking -- Smoking greatly increases the risk of developing bladder cancer. [nlm.nih.gov]

Smoking black (air-cured) cigarettes results in a higher risk than smoking blond (flue-cured) tobacco cigarettes; results on inhalation patterns and use of filter are not [oadoi.org]

Otitis Media

The relation of infant feeding practices, cigarette smoke exposure, and group child care to the onset and duration of otitis media with effusion (OME) was evaluated in a cohort [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The eustachian tube can become swollen or blocked for several reasons: allergies a cold the flu a sinus infection infected or enlarged adenoids cigarette smoke drinking while [healthline.com]

Shorter duration of breast-feeding, increased packs of cigarettes smoked per day in the home, and increased hours per week in group child care were associated with an increase [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Raynaud Syndrome

The risk factors for developing the disorder include: Existing connective tissue or autoimmune disease Cigarette smoking Alcohol use Helicobacter pylori infection, a bacterium [ucdmc.ucdavis.edu]

Bronchial Adenocarcinoma

Asbestos exposure, cigarette smoking and death rates. [mesotheliomacenter.org]

Cigarette smoking Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer, accounting for about 85% of lung cancers. [pathophys.org]

However, regardless of histological subtype the risk of all bronchogenic carcinomas profoundly increases with cigarette smoking. [pathwaymedicine.org]

Bronchogenic Carcinoma

All histologic types of lung cancer were significantly associated with cigarette smoking. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

However, regardless of histological subtype the risk of all bronchogenic carcinomas profoundly increases with cigarette smoking. [pathwaymedicine.org]

This meta-analyses of peer-reviewed studies was conducted to assess the effect of cigarette smoking on major histologic types of lung cancer. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Carcinoma of the Lung

However, asbestos is a contributory factor in a small fraction of lung cancers, the vast majority of which are related to cigarette smoking. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cigarette smoking Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer, accounting for about 85% of lung cancers. [pathophys.org]

Unrelated to cigarette smoking, carcinoid tumors can metastasize, and a small proportion of these tumors secrete hormone-like substances. [webmd.com]

Angina Pectoris

Cigarette smoking increased MSNA in smokers with impaired baroreflex function. [doi.org]

Other triggers include emotional stress, extreme cold and heat, heavy meals, excessive alcohol consumption, and cigarette smoking. [lakelandhealth.org]

We tested the hypothesis that cigarette smoking increases MSNA in smokers with impaired baroreflex function. [doi.org]

Abruptio Placentae

There was also evidence of interaction between chronic hypertension and cigarette smoking. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

smoking (OR 1.40; 95% CI 1.00, 1.97 for ten to 19 cigarettes per day and OR 1.13; 95% CI 0.81, 1.59 for at least 20 cigarettes per day), and male fetal gender (OR 1.38; 95% [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] relation between the number of cigarettes smoked and risk of abruption. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung

The association of age at smoking initiation and former cigarette smoking was similar across types, while the association of smoking duration differed. [doi.org]

The great majority of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is attributed to cigarette smoking, which fortunately is declining alongside cancer incidence. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cigarette smoking Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer, accounting for about 85% of lung cancers. [pathophys.org]

Tonsillitis

Pharyngitis and tonsillitis can be caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites, and cigarette smoking. Most infections are caused by viruses. [lluh.org]

Causes of throat infections include: Viruses (most common) Bacteria (such as strep) Fungal infections Parasitic infections Cigarette smoke Other causes What are the symptoms [hopkinsmedicine.org]

There are many causes for infections in the throat, including viruses, bacteria, fungal and parasitic infections and cigarette smoke. [childrenshospital.org]

Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Lung

Cigarette smoking Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer, accounting for about 85% of lung cancers. [pathophys.org]

Small cell lung carcinoma is strongly linked with cigarette smoking. [symptoma.com]

Generally, the risk increases with the number of cigarettes smoked. The link between cigarette smoking and small cell carcinoma is very strong. [myvmc.com]

Pharyngitis

Pharyngitis and tonsillitis can be caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites, and cigarette smoking. Most infections are caused by viruses. [massgeneral.org]

Causes of throat infections include: Viruses (most common) Bacteria such as strep Fungal infections Parasitic infections Cigarette smoke Other causes What are the symptoms [massgeneral.org]

Pulmonary Bullous Emphysema

The most common cause is cigarette smoking. If you smoke, quitting can help prevent you from getting the disease. [icdlist.com]

He smokes 1 pack of cigarettes per day. He tried Chantix without success at smoking cessation. On physical exam he had no acute distress. [pulmonarychronicles.com]

In most of the cases, patients with bullous emphysema have a long cigarette smoking history, cocaine smoking, pulmonary sarcoidosis, 1-antitrypsin deficiency, 1-antichymotrypsin [ic.steadyhealth.com]

Bronchial Asthma

smoking. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cigarette smoking and SHS in asthmatics lead to detrimental effects in patient outcomes and effectiveness of steroid therapy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cigarette smoking and asthma are associated with poor symptom control and impaired therapeutic responses to corticosteroids. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Bacterial Otitis Media

The eustachian tube can become swollen or blocked for several reasons: allergies a cold the flu a sinus infection infected or enlarged adenoids cigarette smoke drinking while [healthline.com]

smoke get seasonal flu shots and pneumococcal vaccines breastfeed infants instead of bottle feeding them if possible avoid giving your infant a pacifier [healthline.com]

smoke being exposed to high levels of air pollution experiencing changes in altitude experiencing changes in climate being in a cold climate having had a recent cold, flu [healthline.com]

Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonia

To the best of our knowledge this is the first case of cigarette smoke-related DIP reported in a child. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This study provides additional evidence that PLCH, RB, and DIP form a spectrum of interstitial patterns of lung injury to cigarette smoke. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

smoke. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Gastric Ulcer

Cigarette smoking, foods and beverages containing caffeine, alcohol use, and certain medications may contribute to the development of gastric ulcers. [merckmanuals.com]

Do not smoke. Cigarette smoking increases the chances of getting an ulcer. [health.cvs.com]

smoking Excessive alcohol intake Gastric ulcers do not always cause symptoms. [health.cvs.com]

Respiratory Bronchiolitis Interstitial Lung Disease

smoke. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] interstitial pneumonia had a history of smoking. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

All patients with respiratory bronchiolitis and respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease were cigarette smokers, and 85% of the patients with desquamative [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Arteriosclerosis

From a nationwide twin panel, identical twin pairs with highest discordance in cigarette smoking were selected for a study of arteriosclerosis (49 pairs with a mean age of [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Physicians also may recommend treatments to help people control high blood pressure, quit cigarette smoking, and reduce cholesterol levels, all of which are risk factors for [ninds.nih.gov]

Arteriosclerosis/Atherosclerosis Causes of/Risk Factors for Arteriosclerosis/Atherosclerosis Strong risk factors are: Cigarette smoking: Smoking doubles the risk of heart [holisticonline.com]