Clitoromegaly: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for Clitoromegaly

Virilization

To describe a rare case of 45,X Turner's syndrome with elevated T and clitoromegaly caused by ovarian hilus cell hyperplasia. Case report. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Mother was also virilised with clitoromegaly and hirsutism over chin, thigh and pubic region. [endocrine-abstracts.org]

A 60-year-old postmenopausal woman presented with extensive hirsutism, male-pattern hair loss, and clitoromegaly. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Acquired Adrenogenital Syndrome

] [3] [4] [5] Clitoromegaly is not the same as normal enlargement of the clitoris seen during sexual arousal. [en.wikipedia.org]

[…] occur ( sexual infantilism : absent or delayed puberty ) Excessive facial hair, virilization, and/or menstrual irregularity in adolescence Infertility due to anovulation Clitoromegaly [en.wikipedia.org]

In less severe forms, genitalia may be normal at birth, but early pubic hair and clitoromegaly (often accompanied by tall stature) may appear in childhood. [intranet.tdmu.edu.ua]

Donohue Syndrome

[…] skin with patchy hyperpigmentation, coarse facial features, sunken cheeks, pointed chin, flared nostrils, broad open mouth, thick lips, low-set ears, enlarged breasts and clitoromegaly [indianpediatrics.net]

A, Abdominal distension, inguinal hernia, large hands and feet, clitoromegaly, and lipohypotrophy. [academic.oup.com]

Adrenogenital Syndrome

For preservation of postoperative sensitivity of the glans clitoris, clitoroplasty for clitoromegaly due to adrenogenital syndrome is reported. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A 23-year-old Japanese woman had her male-like musculature, hirsutism, the absence of breast development and marked clitoromegaly. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] to occur (sexual infantilism: absent or delayed puberty) Excessive facial hair, virilization, and/or menstrual irregularity in adolescence Infertility due to anovulation Clitoromegaly [en.wikipedia.org]

Ovarian Androblastoma

[…] and Symptoms (Pathophysiology) Symptoms can include infrequent or no menstrual periods, the development of facial hair, a hoarse voice, increased muscle mass, acne, and clitoromegaly [knowcancer.com]

Additional signs include acne and hirsutism, voice deepening, clitoromegaly, temporal hair recession, and an increase in musculature. Serum testosterone level is high. [en.wikipedia.org]

[…] mass, rarely with ascites and tumor rupture Androgenic hormonal symptoms (virilization) are common and present in approximately 50% of patients; they include hirsutism, clitoromegaly [pathologyoutlines.com]

Congenital Generalized Lipodystrophy

Amenorrhea or irregular menstruation, clitoromegaly and infertility are frequently present in female patients. [symptoma.com]

Affected females may have an enlarged clitoris (clitoromegaly), an increased amount of body hair (hirsutism), irregular menstrual periods, and multiple cysts on the ovaries [ghr.nlm.nih.gov]

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

[…] must be carefully searched for, since they draw the clinician’s attention toward a severe disease: (a) rapidly growing hirsutism, with other signs of virilization such as clitoromegaly [web.archive.org]

Occasionally, clitoromegaly, increased muscle mass, deep voice (more usually, these are signs of more severe hyperandrogenism syndromes). [patient.info]

Lipodystrophy

Female patients often become hirsute and may have clitoromegaly, irregular periods, polycystic ovaries, and infertility issues. [clinicaladvisor.com]

Female CGL patients have additional clinical features including hirsutism, clitoromegaly, irregular menstrual periods, polycystic ovaries, and/or infertility 1. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Female patients develop hirsutism, may have clitoromegaly, oligomenorrhea and polycystic ovaries. [intechopen.com]

Anabolic Steroid

In addition, AAS abuse resulted in structural and functional sperm changes, a reduction in testicular volume, gynecomastia, as well as clitoromegaly, menstrual irregularities [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] monitoring Skin (acne, male pattern baldness, needle marks, hirsutism, gynaecomastia, striae or keloids) Breasts (lactation, gynaecomastia) Genitourinary (testicular atrophy, clitoromegaly [bmj.com]

Signs of Anabolic Steroid Abuse in Women Acne Hirsutism Deepening of the voice Male pattern balding Clitoromegaly Breast atrophy Irregular menstrual cycles Infertility Significant [acog.org]

Testosterone

We describe an 11.5-year-old girl with a 9-month history of voice deepening, mild hirsutism, minor acne, increased growth velocity, weight gain, and clitoromegaly. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Phenotypic females (46,XY) with NR5A1 mutations can present with clitoromegaly at puberty, a phenotype similar to other partial defects of androgen synthesis or action. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Sartori Sanchez Bachega and Andrea Dardis, The Presence of Clitoromegaly in the Nonclassical Form of 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency Could Be Partially Modulated by the CAG Polymorphic [doi.org]

17-Hydroxycorticosteroid

The patients with the late-onset form of CAH 21 have varying degrees of precocious puberty, hirsutism, cystic acne, clitoromegaly, short stature, male pattern baldness, anovulation [glowm.com]

[…] only by genetic linkage studies or provocative hormonal testing. 4, 24 In the classic form, the female neonate displays profoundly virilized external genitalia, include clitoromegaly [glowm.com]

Cushing's syndrome may cause adrenal hyperandrogenism at any age. 249, 250, 251, 252 Symptoms may develop over a period of 6 months to more than 10 years, and may include clitoromegaly [glowm.com]

Sertoli Leydig Cell Tumor

These tumors usually present virilizing symptoms such as oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea, hirsutism, voice raucity, laryngeal protuberance and clitoromegaly. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prepregnancy findings included hirsutism, clitoromegaly, secondary amenorrhea, and elevated peripheral plasma testosterone (T; 5.7 ng/ml). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

They are most often diagnosed in premenopausal women and may produce androgens, resulting in hirsuitism, voice deepening, frontal balding, terminal hair growth, and clitoromegaly [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Placental Aromatase Deficiency

Placental steroid sulfatase deficiency Ambiguous genitalia of a preterm infant, showing clitoromegaly and hyperpigmentation. [pgblazer.com]

[…] androgen-responsive terminal hair in women excess hair growth in areas where hair growth is normally minimal Virilization Defined as masculinization of a woman Presentation clitoromegaly [medbullets.com]

These women may develop hirsutism, acne, an enlarged clitoris (clitoromegaly), and a deep voice. [ghr.nlm.nih.gov]

Fraser Syndrome

[…] of Fraser syndrome with bilateral cryptophthalmos and other common features of Fraser syndrome including syndactyly (hands and feet bilaterally), ambiguous genitalia with clitoromegaly [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In females, an enlarged clitoris (clitoromegaly), malformed fallopian tubes, fused vaginal opening and birconate uterus are commonly presented. [symptoma.com]

The syndromic spectrum can comprise of: cryptophthalmos syndactyly: often cutaneous tracheal atresia / laryngeal atresia genitourinary anomalies micropenis cryptorchidism clitoromegaly [radiopaedia.org]

Ambiguous Genitalia

Because of clitoromegaly and scrotal-like hypertrophy of the labia majora, she had an endocrine evaluation the results of which were normal. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

However, there was no identifiable change in management of clitoromegaly and the numbers of clitoral reduction operations remained high. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Ultrasound diagnosis: Female fetus: clitoromegaly with normal labia. Male fetus: micropenis, hypospadias, undescended testes, bifid scrotum. [fetalmedicine.org]

Ovarian Stromal Hyperthecosis

In patients with CAH, clitoromegaly, as well as labioscrotal fusion, require clitoroplasty and vaginal reconstructive surgery. [arcfertility.com]

Examination revealed frontal balding and excessive hair over her chin, both shins, and lower abdomen with mild clitoromegaly. [hkmj.org]

In acquired clitoromegaly, the main cause is due to endocrine hormonal imbalance affecting the adult women, including polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and hyperthecosis. [diki.pl]

Congenital Generalized Lipodystrophy Type 4

Affected women may suffer from clitoromegaly, hirsutism, irregular menstrual periods and ovarian cysts, which may be related to hormonal changes. [ivami.com]

Mild hirsutism and clitoromegaly may also be associated with the disease. Most female patients are unable to conceive while males are usually fertile. [symptoma.com]

In women, clitoromegaly and polycystic ovary syndrome can develop. [en.wikipedia.org]

Leydig Cell Tumor

These tumors usually present virilizing symptoms such as oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea, hirsutism, voice raucity, laryngeal protuberance and clitoromegaly. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

They are most often diagnosed in premenopausal women and may produce androgens, resulting in hirsuitism, voice deepening, frontal balding, terminal hair growth, and clitoromegaly [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Her serum AFP levels returned to normal and hirsutism and clitoromegaly regressed. [indianjcancer.com]

Hilar Cell Tumor of the Ovary

Additional signs include acne and hirsutism, voice deepening, clitoromegaly, temporal hair recession, and an increase in musculature. Serum testosterone level is high. [en.wikipedia.org]

Clitoromegaly with a length of 90 mm and a width of 30 mm was present, with a clitoral index of 2700 mm 2. Systemic examination revealed no abnormalities. [edmcasereports.com]

Abdominal examination showed no abnormality and vaginal examination disclosed clitoromegaly. [ijpmonline.org]

46,XY Disorder of Sex Development

She was fully pre-pubertal and her genitalia appeared predominantly female except for mild clitoromegaly; the gonads were not palpable. [endocrine-abstracts.org]

Clitoromegaly - A clitoris that is considered larger than average. [en.wikipedia.org]

The degree of genital ambiguity varies along a spectrum, ranging from an almost female phenotype with clitoromegaly at one extreme to an almost male phenotype with isolated [orpha.net]

Congenital Generalized Lipodystrophy Type 1

Affected women may suffer from clitoromegaly, hirsutism, irregular menstrual periods and ovarian cysts, which may be related to hormonal changes. [ivami.com]

Mild hirsutism and clitoromegaly may also be associated with the disease. Most female patients are unable to conceive while males are usually fertile. [symptoma.com]

Affected females may have an enlarged clitoris (clitoromegaly), an increased amount of body hair (hirsutism), irregular menstrual periods, and multiple cysts on the ovaries [ghr.nlm.nih.gov]

Ring Chromosome 11 Syndrome

Niikawa et al. (2) also found clitoromegaly in their case report. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The clitoromegaly could be explained by elevated dihydrotestosterone levels in sensitive peripheral target tissues (18). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A physical examination revealed hirsutism (26 points in the Ferriman and Gallwey scale), androgenic alopecia, and clitoromegaly. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

45,X/46,XY Mixed Gonadal Dysgenesis

On physical examination a solid mass could be palpated occupying almost 2/3 of the abdomen.The child had clitoromegaly (stretched length of 8 cm), labia minorawas not well [jpss.eu]

Wertelecki Biology, Medicine Human Genetics 2004 An 18-year-old female with short stature, amenorrhea, hirsutism, hypoplastic labia minora, and clitoromegaly who has a 45, [semanticscholar.org]

Müllerian structures present since no / minimal anti-Müllerian hormone is produced Usually bilateral fallopian tubes are present, occasionally vas deferens Females may exhibit clitoromegaly [pathologyoutlines.com]

Young-Simpson Syndrome

Genital malformations such as cryptorchidism, hypospadias, clitoromegaly, and hypoplasia are common. [en.wikipedia.org]

Ovotesticular Disorder of Sex Development

The presenting symptoms were ambiguous genitalia (6 patients), isolated clitoromegaly (1 patient) and hypospadias (1 patient). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Tanner staging was B2P4A1 and clitoromegaly had regressed from 5 to 4 cm. [ijem.in]

The initial manifestations were ambiguous genitalia in 20 cases (two of them identified prenatally by ultrasound examination), isolated clitoromegaly in one, and penile hypospadias [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Lipid Cell Tumor of the Ovary

Abdominal examination showed no abnormality and vaginal examination disclosed clitoromegaly. [ijdvl.com]

Clitoromegaly with a length of 90 mm and a width of 30 mm was present, with a clitoral index of 2700 mm2. Systemic examination revealed no abnormalities. [edm.bioscientifica.com]

[…] associated with signs of virilization in the form of deepening of voice, clitoromegaly, frontal baldness, and increased muscularity. [ijdvl.com]

Tetragametic Chimerism

30%) HP:0000954 15 global developmental delay 60 Excluded (0%) 16 abnormality of the testis 60 Very frequent (99-80%) 17 ambiguous genitalia 60 Very frequent (99-80%) 18 clitoromegaly [malacards.org]

A 3,625‐g baby was delivered at 37 weeks' gestation with clitoromegaly, prominent labia majora, fusion of the labia, and an orifice of the urogenital sinus. [doi.org]

Gonadal Dysgenesis

Here we describe a rare association of gonadal dysgenesis and clitoromegaly in a girl with AT. [casereports.in]

The clinical presentation can vary from a typical male to female phenotype including all degrees of cryptorchidism, labial fusion, clitoromegaly, epispadias and hypospadias [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

At birth, the perceived female external genitalia and clitoromegaly, led the parents to register and eventually rear the patient as a female. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Primary Amenorrhea

Hirsutism and clitoromegaly were present. Ultrasound examination showed polycystic appearance of the ovary. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

She was 173 cm in height, had an increased amount of pubic hair and clitoromegaly (3 cm), with a 4 cm blind vaginal pouch. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

All presented clitoromegaly and two presented hypospadias; all had been reared as females. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cellular Neurofibroma

[…] differentiate neurofibroma with atypical features from low grade malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (Am J Pathol 1999;155:1879) Case reports 15 month old girl presenting with clitoromegaly [pathologyoutlines.com]