Congophilic Staining: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for Congophilic Staining

Amyloidosis

Amyloidosis refers to a group of diseases resulting from abnormal deposition of amyloids in various tissues. In patients with amyloidosis, symptoms presented are as a result of the abnormality in the function of the particular organs involved. Some of the organs that can be affected include the heart, kidney, liver,[…] [symptoma.com]

Myofibrillar Myopathy Type 3

Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophies (LGMD) include a clinically heterogeneousgroup of disorders, ranging from severe childhood recessive muscular dystrophy to adultonsetdystrophy or asymptomatic patients with high CK.There are at least 25 different forms of LGMD, varying in age of onset, course, anddisability. Dominant[…] [moh-it.pure.elsevier.com]

Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Deficiency

Nima Rezaei gained his medical degree from Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2002 and subsequently obtained an MSc in Molecular and Genetic Medicine and a PhD in Clinical Immunology and Human Genetics from the University of Sheffield, UK. He also spent a short-term fellowship of Pediatric Clinical Immunology and[…] [books.google.de]

ADan Amyloidosis

In particular, they are congophilic (stained with Congo red), they fluorescent following staining with thioflavin S and they are composed of fibrils which are visible under [neurologia.com.pl]

Myeloma-Associated Amyloidosis

[…] silver methenamine stained sections (b) and are blue with Masson's trichrome stain (c) Periphery of the casts is congophilic (d) and shows greenish birefringence when viewed [ijpmonline.org]

[…] and blue with Masson's' trichrome stain [Figure 1] a-d. [ijpmonline.org]

Many of the tubular casts showed a unique morphology with a central paler area or nidus and "spiculated" periphery, which was periodic acid-Schiff positive, argyrophilic, congophilic [ijpmonline.org]

Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy

Grade 0 CAA denotes the absence of congophilic staining in vessels, grade 1 (Figure, panel A) the presence of some congophilic staining in an otherwise normal-appearing vessel [stroke.ahajournals.org]

Congo red stain and beta-amyloid immunohistochemical stains displayed multiple congophilic and beta-amyloid-reactive blood vessels (fig. 2 ) as well as neuritic plaques. [karger.com]

[…] of a special stain called Congo red. [en.wikipedia.org]

Sarcotubular Myopathy

Congo red stained sections viewed underrhodamine optics revealed no congophilic deposits. [documents.tips]

Abnormal hyaline structures are congophilic and contain many degraded proteins. Oxidative enzymes and ATPase activity is absent in the areas containing inclusions. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Light microscopy: Trichrome-stained tissue shows single or multiple areas of blue-red amorphous material described as hyaline structures, cytoplasmic bodies, or inclusions [emedicine.medscape.com]

Multiple Myeloma

Microscopic examination of the gastric mass revealed amorphous deposits that were congophilic in nature and stained positive with Alcian blue. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Some authors associate weak Congo red staining of the fibrils with delayed disease onset and associate a strong affinity to Congo red with early presentation of the disease [cjasn.asnjournals.org]

Of note, in elderly Swedish patients with SSA (WT-TTR), postmortem analysis revealed minimal congophilic material in the renal cortex, although, as previously mentioned, SSA [cjasn.asnjournals.org]

Myofibrillar Myopathy Type 4

Congo red staining viewed through Texas-red filters shows numerous congophilic fluorescent deposits in muscle fibers. e. [actaneurocomms.biomedcentral.com]

These pleomorphic regions were occasionally congophilic on Congo red staining appearing bright red visualized through Texas red fluorescent filters (Fig. 3b ). [actaneurocomms.biomedcentral.com]

Fibronectin Glomerulopathy

Figure 1: Spicules of argyrophilic material projecting from capillary walls (arrows), PAMS stain. The Congo-red stain reveals orange congophilic material (Figure 2 A). [uninet.edu]

Ampulla of Vater Obstruction Syndrome

Ampullary biopsy with kappa light chain immunohistochemistry staining revealing infiltration with a congophilic material of apple-green birefringence consistent with amyloid [acgcasereports.gi.org]

Alpha-Heavy Chain Disease

[…] the non-Congophilic deposits. [cjasn.asnjournals.org]

When the biopsy stains for a single HC isotype and does not stain for LC isotypes, the diagnosis of HCDD should be suspected. [cjasn.asnjournals.org]

[…] immunohistologic analysis of tissue from an affected organ, in most cases the kidney, using a panel of Ig chain-specific antibodies, including anti-κ and anti-λ LC antibodies to stain [cjasn.asnjournals.org]

Chronic Nephritic Syndrome with Dense Deposit Disease

Figure 1: Spicules of argyrophilic material projecting from capillary walls (arrows), PAMS stain. The Congo-red stain reveals orange congophilic material (Figure 2 A). [uninet.edu]

Hereditary Corneal Dystrophy

These are poorly visualized with routine hematoxylin-eosin staining; however, the lesions are congophilic and revealed as distinct amyloid deposits with Congo red staining [entokey.com]

IMAGE Syndrome

Brain swelling Cavernous Angioma Cerebellar Purkinje Cell Loss Congophilic Antiopathy Eosinophilic Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons Eosinophilic Neurons Fibrin Thrombus in DIC [strokecenter.org]

Acute Infarction Aneurysm H & E and trichrome stains Aneurysm of basilar artery Arteriovenous malformation Arteriovenous malformation Atheroma 1 Atheroma 2 Atheroma 3 Atherosclerosis [strokecenter.org]

Adult Polyglucosan Body Disease

The oval or rod-shaped inclusion bodies were eosinophilic, showed bright red staining with azan, and were about half the size of the nucleus of a large neuron. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

They were non argyrophilic and non congophilic. Ultrastructurally, the inclusion bodies consisted of aggregates of filamentous materials showing partial periodicity. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

Heavy Chain Disease

[…] the non-Congophilic deposits. [cjasn.asnjournals.org]

When the biopsy stains for a single HC isotype and does not stain for LC isotypes, the diagnosis of HCDD should be suspected. [cjasn.asnjournals.org]

Lattice Corneal Dystrophy Type 1

These are poorly visualized with routine hematoxylin-eosin staining; however, the lesions are congophilic and revealed as distinct amyloid deposits with Congo red staining [entokey.com]

Hereditary Proximal Myopathy with Early Respiratory Failure

Variably contain: β amyloid, desmin, SMI-31 binding Cytoplasmic bodies (95%) Stain for F-actin (Phalloidin) "Necklace" pattern in muscle fibers 38 Muscle fiber splitting: [neuromuscular.wustl.edu]

Myofibrillar pathology : Cytoplasmic aggregates Contain: Actin ; Desmin In type I muscle fibers Myofibrillar pathology Not typical Cytoplasmic bodies Eosinophilic inclusions Congophilic [neuromuscular.wustl.edu]

Amyloid Angiopathy

[…] known as congophilic angiopathy, [2] is a form of angiopathy in which amyloid deposits form in the walls of the blood vessels of the central nervous system. [1] The term congophilic [en.wikipedia.org]

[…] is used because the presence of the abnormal aggregations of amyloid can be demonstrated by microscopic examination of brain tissue after application of a special stain called [en.wikipedia.org]

ABri Amyloidosis

Gamma-Heavy Chain Disease

[…] the non-Congophilic deposits. [cjasn.asnjournals.org]

When the biopsy stains for a single HC isotype and does not stain for LC isotypes, the diagnosis of HCDD should be suspected. [cjasn.asnjournals.org]

Primary Amyloidosis

Glomerulonephritis

Three glomeruli (including the two with crescents) showed small segmental mesangial accumulations of Congophilic material that stained immunohistochemically for amyloid A [academic.oup.com]

Distal Myopathy Type 3

Variably contain: β amyloid, desmin, SMI-31 binding Cytoplasmic bodies (95%) Stain for F-actin (Phalloidin) "Necklace" pattern in muscle fibers 38 Muscle fiber splitting: [neuromuscular.wustl.edu]

Plummer-Vinson Syndrome

(D) Positive result for serum amyloid A protein immunohistochemistry staining in the blood vessel wall (immunoperoxidase, ×100). [synapse.koreamed.org]

(C) The acellular material in the vessel wall showing congophilic and apple-green birefringence on polarization (Congo red, ×200). [synapse.koreamed.org]

Cerebral Neoplasm

F, Congophilic deposits have apple green birefringence (Congo red stain and polarized light, original magnification ×400). [archivesofpathology.org]

Myositis

The Congo red stain demonstrates congophilic material in vacuolated fibers that is likely to represent amyloid deposition. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

AApoAIV Amyloidosis

(A) Hematoxylin and eosin staining of renal biopsy shows amorphous eosinophilic deposits in the glomeruli. (B) The glomerular deposits are CR-positive. [jasn.asnjournals.org]

(C) Apple-green birefringence of congophilic amyloid deposits using polarized light. (D) Extensive medullary interstitial involvement by CR-positive amyloid deposits. [jasn.asnjournals.org]

Systemic Amyloidosis

In the suspicious case, there was deposition of Congophilic material with the Congo red stain; however polarized microscopic examination was equivocal. [cytojournal.com]