Cortical Atrophy: Causes & Reasons

Possible Causes for Cortical Atrophy

The initial MRI examination was normal, followed by progressive left hemispheric cortical atrophy and abnormal high signal intensity over the left occipital, parietal, and [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

However, later spongiform degeneration and cortical atrophy set in. [radiopaedia.org]

Immunomodulatory treatment probably delays the progress of cortical atrophy. [thieme-connect.com]

Parenchymatous Cortical Cerebellar Degeneration

Register PARENCHYMATOUS CORTICAL CEREBELLAR ATROPHY (CHRONIC ATROPHY OF PURKINJE'S CELLS) 1 - 24 Hours access EUR €36.00 GBP £28.00 USD $45.00 Rental This article is also [academic.oup.com]

(seen as decreased size of gyri and secondary increased size of sulci ): [11] - Medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) - Posterior atrophy (PA) - Frontal cortical atrophy (fGCA [en.wikipedia.org]

Characteristic features include prominent cerebral sulci (i.e. cortical atrophy) and v entriculomegaly (i.e. central atrophy) without bulging of the third ventricular recesses [radiopaedia.org]

Cerebral Cortical Atrophy

Imaging wise feature of cerebral cortical atrophy Generalized prominence of hemisphere cortical sulci on CT or MRI in mild cases. [neuroradiologycases.com]

In alcoholics over 60 years of age, the greater the severity of cerebral cortical atrophy, the greater the slowing in background frequency of the EEG. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

About posterior cortical atrophy It is not known whether posterior cortical atrophy is a unique disease or a possible variant form of Alzheimer’s disease. [alz.org]

Early-Onset Alzheimer Disease

Results: The dementia cases had pronounced cortical atrophy in the lateral and medial parietal, posterior cingulate and frontal cortices and hippocampal atrophy bilaterally [karger.com]

Defining EOAD Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by adult onset progressive dementia that is associated with beta-amyloid plague formation, cerebral cortical atrophy [disabled-world.com]

MRI brain ( Fig-2 ) shows generalized cortical atrophy withselective involvement of temporoparietal cortex. [annalsofneurosciences.org]

Primary Progressive Aphasia

Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) and logopenic variant primary progressive aphasia (LvPPA) are considered early-onset dementias most commonly caused by Alzheimer pathology [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cortical atrophy patterns on MRI were visually rated and quantitative measurements of cortical thickness were performed using FreeSurfer. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract A wealth of neuroimaging research has associated semantic variant primary progressive aphasia with distributed cortical atrophy that is most prominent in the left [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 12

Neuroimaging has demonstrated cerebellar and cortical atrophy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

RECENT FINDINGS: The first neuropathological examination of a brain from an SCA12 patient revealed both cerebellar and cerebral cortical atrophy, with a noted loss of Purkinje [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

atrophy, with a noted loss of Purkinje cells and no evidence of polyglutamine aggregates (Cohen and Margolis, 2016; pubmed:27748686 ). [flybase.org]

Warburg Micro Syndrome 3

OMIM : 58 Warburg Micro syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by microcephaly, microphthalmia, microcornea, congenital cataracts, optic atrophy, cortical [malacards.org]

Poor vision despite early cataract surgery likely results from progressive optic atrophy and cortical visual impairment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

SYNDROME 3 Classification developmental, eye, genetic, neurological Phenotypes Ankle clonus ; Autosomal recessive inheritance ; Blepharophimosis ; Brachycephaly ; Cerebral cortical [mousephenotype.org]

Autosomal Recessive Spastic Paraplegia Type 26

Additional features include intellectual disability, peripheral neuropathy, dysarthria, cerebellar signs, extrapyramidal signs, and cortical atrophy. [malacards.org]

atrophy in cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem CT: normal at age 35 MRI: Cortical atrophy MRI: Cortical atrophy in cerebrum, cerebellum *Age at death; UL, upper limbs; LL, lower [docplayer.net]

MRI of the brain revealed a thin corpus callosum with frontoparietal cortical atrophy on T2-weighted mid-sagittal image [Figure 1]. [neurologyindia.com]

Alcoholic Cerebellar Degeneration

[…] neurological diseases that feature cerebellar degeneration include: Acute and hemorrhagic stroke, when there is lack of blood flow or oxygen to the cerebellum Cerebellar cortical [sharecare.com]

Richter: Late cortical cerebellar atrophy. A form of hereditary cerebellar ataxia. American Journal of Human Genetics, Chicagio, 1950, 2: 1-29. What is an eponym? [whonamedit.com]

Mancall EL (1975) Late (acquired) cortical cerebellar atrophy. In: Vinken PJ, Bruyn GW (eds) System disorders and atrophies. Handbook of clinical neurology, vol 21. [link.springer.com]

Olivopontocerebellar Atrophy

[…] who had died without neurological disease, and one from a patient with Holmes-type cerebellar cortical atrophy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] brainstem nuclei of 10 normal controls, 5 patients of olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA) with multiple system atrophy (MSA) and 2 patients of cortical cerebellar atrophy [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

atrophy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Primary Pigmented Nodular Adrenocortical Disease

The pathological findings showed multiple small black cortical nodules containing large cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and lipofuscin, and internodular cortical atrophy [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

atrophy and disorganization of the normal zonation between the nodules. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Despite their small size—usually less than 6 mm—the nodules are visible at CT, and their visualization is facilitated by the surrounding cortical atrophy [ 3 ]. [doi.org]

Hereditary Cerebellar Degeneration

atrophy, multisystem atrophy, and olivopontocerebellar degeneration, progressive degenerative disorders in which cerebellar degeneration is a key feature Friedreich’s ataxia [ninds.nih.gov]

Cerebellar cortical atrophy, multisystem atrophy and olivopontocerebellar degeneration are progressive degenerative disorders that affect various parts of the nervous system [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

B.: Late cortical cerebellar atrophy. A form of hereditary cerebellar ataxia. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 2, 1–29 (1950) Google Scholar 22. [link.springer.com]

Pick Disease of The Brain

atrophy of the frontal and temporal lobes. [radiopaedia.org]

Characteristic features include prominent cerebral sulci (i.e. cortical atrophy) and v entriculomegaly (i.e. central atrophy) without bulging of the third ventricular recesses [radiopaedia.org]

atrophy along with damage to the frontal, parietal and cingulated regions of the brain, with the majority of the damage occurring in the frontal lobe. [goinggentleintothatgoodnight.com]

Infantile Choroidocerebral Calcification Syndrome

[…] draining veins →stasis, hypoxia, progressive atrophy, and dystrophic calcifications in the middle layers of the cortical gray matter, moya moya, AVM in Lu and Lv Eye: glaucoma [learnneurosurgery.com]

As might be expected, studies have found that cortical volume analysis (representing cortical atrophy) on MRI correlates well with impairment and prognosis. [patient.info]

Encephalopathy Dilatation Stroke Leukoencephalopathy Macrocephaly Hematuria Cerebral cortical atrophy Muscular hypotonia Retinopathy Ventriculomegaly Spasticity Posterior [mendelian.co]

Ataxia-Oculomotor Apraxia Syndrome

atrophy bilateral parietal ischemic stroke References Promoted articles (advertising) Edit article Share article View revision history Report problem with Article Article [radiopaedia.org]

MRI may show cerebellar atrophy, mild brainstem atrophy, and cortical atrophy in advanced cases of AOA1, cerebellar atrophy, loss of Purkinje cells, and demyelination in AOA2 [bredagenetics.com]

atrophy. [ijsronline.net]

Aprosencephaly and Cerebellar Dysgenesis

Congenital adhesions of cerebral meninges Congenital cerebellar cortical atrophy Congenital cerebral cyst Congenital choroid plexus cyst Congenital malformation of corpus [emedcodes.com]

[…] of corpus callosum Cerebellar cortical dysplasia Cerebral colloid cyst Cerebral cortical dysgenesis Cerebral cysts, congenital Chiari malformation type III Colloid brain [icd9data.com]

In histological examinations, calcium and iron deposits can be found in the walls of the veins, as well as calcification (in the parenchyma), cortical atrophy and gliosis. [tankonyvtar.hu]

Cerebro-Facio-Thoracic Dysplasia

These include cortical-subcortical atrophy with hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, and of the cerebellar vermis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

atrophy, hypoplasia of frontal lobes and/or brain stem atrophy Farag: hypertelorism; hypospadias; tetralogy of Fallot Autosomal recessive Mental retardation, also other cardiac [en.wikibooks.org]

[…] eyelashes, abnormal skin lesions varying from severe atopic dermatitis to hyperkeratosis/ichthyosis-like lesions Hypotonia, strabismus, brain anomalies including hydrocephalus, cortical [en.wikibooks.org]

Classic Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Syndrome

(MSA) predominantly affects middle cerebellar peduncles and pons ( hot cross bun sign ) corticobasal degeneration (CBD) cortical atrophy prominent Related Radiopaedia articles [radiopaedia.org]

Corticobasal Degeneration Causes cortical atrophy of motor, premotor and anterior parietal lobes. [lecturio.com]

«Tremor with cerebellar and cortical atrophy is associated with a CAG repeat expansion». Neurology (núm. 56, págs. 299-303). [cv.uoc.edu]

Autosomal Recessive Primary Microcephaly Type 10

atrophy Patent ductus arteriosus Thin vermilion border Epileptic spasms Cortical gyral simplification Global brain atrophy Generalized seizures Epileptic encephalopathy Hypsarrhythmia [mendelian.co]

Acidosis Progressive microcephaly Myopathy Hyperreflexia Optic atrophy Cerebral cortical atrophy Intellectual disability Hypoplasia of the pons Severe global developmental [mendelian.co]

To date, nystagmus, cortical visual impairment, impairment of central vision, optic nerve hypoplasia, and optic atrophy have been described in this condition. [pubfacts.com]

Neurosyphilis

Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed cortical atrophy with noticeable bilateral hippocampal atrophy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A brain MRI showed diffuse cortical atrophy and lesions in the white matter compatible with HIV-encephalopathy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Less common features on a fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences are cortical atrophy and mesial temporal parenchymal signal changes. [n.neurology.org]

Neuhauser Syndrome

Their brain magnetic resonance imaging showed cortical atrophy, large fourth ventricle and hypoplasia of corpus callosum. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Megalocornea-mental retardation (MMR or Neuhauser) syndrome: another case associated with cerebral cortical atrophy and Bifid uvula. [scielo.br]

Cranial tomography showed normal ventricles, cerebral cortical atrophy, and hypoplasia of the corpus callosum. [azdoc.site]

Autosomal Recessive Spastic Paraplegia Type 32

atrophy 60 Frequent (79-30%) 16 abnormality of the pons 60 Frequent (79-30%) 17 lower limb hyperreflexia 60 Frequent (79-30%) 18 progressive peripheral neuropathy 60 Frequent [malacards.org]

MRI of the brain revealed a thin corpus callosum with frontoparietal cortical atrophy on T2-weighted mid-sagittal image [Figure 1]. [neurologyindia.com]

Brain imaging reveals thin corpus callosum, cortical and cerebellar atrophy, and pontine dysraphia. [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

Severe Neonatal-Onset Encephalopathy with Microcephaly

MRI imaging reveals cortical atrophy with hippocampal hypoplasia and a hypoplastic corpus callosum. Progressive microcephaly has been described. [disorders.eyes.arizona.edu]

Repeat MRI brain [Figure 2] c and [Figure 2] d showed cortical and cerebellar atrophy with increased ventriculomegaly. Genetic studies for EE were sent. [jcnonweb.com]

atrophy. [mrineonatalbrain.com]

Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia with Leukoencephalopathy

Diseases related with Nystagmus and Cerebral cortical atrophy In the following list you will find some of the most common rare diseases related to Nystagmus and Cerebral cortical [mendelian.co]

atrophy Scoliosis Hearing impairment Spastic dysarthria Spastic ataxia Limb joint contracture Clonus Progressive spasticity Cerebellar vermis atrophy Progressive microcephaly [mendelian.co]

Clumsiness Cerebral cortical atrophy Intellectual disability, profound Severe global developmental delay Motor deterioration Renal cortical cysts Diffuse swelling of cerebral [mendelian.co]

X-Linked Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 5

Results: Brain MRI revealed prominent pancerebellar atrophy, and diffuse mild cerebral cortical atrophy. [neurology.org]

Cerebral cortical atrophy was also present. The MRI was repeated and showed worsening of the brainstem and cerebellar atrophy. [e-jmd.org]

A small, open-label study looked at the role of gabapentin on 10 patients with cerebellar cortical atrophy (CCA) and 3 with hereditary ataxia of unknown etiology. [movementdisorders.org]

Epidermal Nevus

Left frontal and perisylvian cortical atrophy and a white matter abnormality in the left frontal area were revealed by magnetic resonance imaging. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Computer tomography of the brain revealed cortical and subcortical atrophy, a subdural hygroma in the left frontoparietotemporal region, and hypoplasia of corpus callosum. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

atrophy Cortical blindness Cranial nerve palsies Delayed milestones Encephalocele Hemiparesis Hydrocephalus Mental retardation Seizures Spinal cord stenosis Ocular Findings [thedoctorsdoctor.com]

Denys-Drash Syndrome

A novel WT1 missense mutation presenting with Denys-Drash syndrome and cortical atrophy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2006;21:518–21. Google Scholar 11. [degruyter.com]

A novel WT1 missense mutation presenting with Denys-Drash syndrome and cortical atrophy. Nephrol Dial Transplant. Feb 2006;21(2):518-21. Children’s Oncology Group. [rarediseases.org]

Oculo-Palato-Cerebral Syndrome

atrophy 58 31 frequent (33%) Frequent (79-30%) HP:0006913 21 aplasia/hypoplasia of the nails 58 31 frequent (33%) Frequent (79-30%) HP:0008386 22 glaucoma 58 31 occasional [malacards.org]

Cranial computed tomography showed mild cerebral cortical atrophy and mild enlargement of lateral ventricles. [scielo.br]

18 aplasia/hypoplasia of the corpus callosum 58 31 frequent (33%) Frequent (79-30%) HP:0007370 19 short foot 58 31 frequent (33%) Frequent (79-30%) HP:0001773 20 frontal cortical [malacards.org]

Semantic Dementia

Cohorts with (i) Semantic Dementia (SD), who have anterior temporal-lobe atrophy, and (ii) Posterior Cortical Atrophy (PCA), who have predominantly parieto-occipital atrophy [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Anomia is a striking and consistent clinical feature of semantic dementia (SD), a progressive aphasia syndrome associated with focal cortical atrophy of the anterior temporal [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The five rare dementia diagnoses that we support are frontotemporal dementia (FTD), posterior cortical atrophy (PCA), primary progressive aphasia (PPA), familial Alzheimer [ucl.ac.uk]

Gerstmann Syndrome

Alexia and agraphia in posterior cortical atrophy. Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol. 1997 Jan;10(1):52-9. [PubMed: 9118197] 48. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Neurology. 1984 Jul [PubMed PMID: 6539864] [47] Ardila A,Rosselli M,Arvizu L,Kuljis RO, Alexia and agraphia in posterior cortical atrophy. [statpearls.com]

atrophy Diffuse toxicities implicated in causing Gerstmann syndrome include: Alcohol Carbon monoxide Lead Transient Gerstmann syndrome has been reported in parietal lobe [eyewiki.aao.org]