Cortical Thickening: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for Cortical Thickening

Melorheostosis

thickening of long (tubular) bones which, when stripped of muscle, simulates a candle with wax melted down a side. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Melorheostosis is a very rare disorder characterized by irregular cortical thickening seen on radiographs. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

thickening of long–tubular bones which, when stripped of muscle, simulates a candle with wax dribbled down a side Clinical Pain, limitation of movement, contraction and/or [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Infantile Cortical Hyperostosis

Periosteal reaction or cortical thickening of the bones, also known as cortical hyperostosis, is associated with a prolonged use of prostaglandins. [nature.com]

These X-rays revealed periosteal reaction or cortical thickening of the diaphyses (Figure 1). [nature.com]

Frontal view shows cortical thickening of the mandible, which is depicted as a double contour of the cortex due to subperiosteal new bone formation. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Juxtacortical Osteosarcoma

thickening without aggressive periosteal reaction is often seen tumor extension into the medullary cavity is frequently seen MRI It exhibits predominantly low signal intensity [radiopaedia.org]

[…] separating the tumor from the cortex, seen in 30% of cases tumor stalk: grows within tumor in late stages and obliterates the radiolucent cleavage plane +/- soft tissue mass cortical [radiopaedia.org]

Brodie Abscess

One third of the lesions were diaphyseal in location, and 50% had associated cortical thickening, while 40% showed a stimulated periosteal reaction, and 20% contained sequestra [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Stress Fracture Another common cause of focal cortical thickening, or uninterrupted periosteal reaction, is a stress fracture. [jaocr.org]

There is cortical thickening, sclerosis and a layered periosteal reaction. [radiologyassistant.nl]

Paget Disease of the Bone Type 5

There is also marked cortical thickening. Radiographs of the hands and feet reveal widened phalanges with demineralization and marked cortical thickening. [roentgenrayreader.blogspot.com]

During adulthood, cortical thickening, osteosclerosis, and bowing affected these bones. Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was persistently elevated. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] more delicate pattern seen in intraosseous hemangiomas with which it may be confused Pelvis cortical thickening and sclerosis of the iliopectineal and ischiopubic lines acetabular [radiopaedia.org]

Facial Dysmorphism-Immunodeficiency-Livedo-Short Stature Syndrome

Abstract DNA polymerase ε (Polε) is a large, four-subunit polymerase that is conserved throughout the eukaryotes. Its primary function is to synthesize DNA at the leading strand during replication. It is also involved in a wide variety of fundamental cellular processes, including cell cycle progression and DNA[…] [unboundmedicine.com]

Kenny-Caffey Syndrome Type 1

Clinical features include cortical thickening and medullary stenosis of the tubular bones, delayed closure of fontanels, defective dentition, small eyes with hypermetropia [malacards.org]

OMIM : 57 Kenny-Caffey syndrome is characterized by severe proportionate short stature, cortical thickening and medullary stenosis of the tubular bones, delayed closure of [malacards.org]

[…] diseases and orphan drugs.Orpha Number: 93324Disease definitionA rare, primary bone dysplasia characterized by prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, short stature, cortical [malacards.org]

Sanjad-Sakati Syndrome

The typical findings of cortical thickening and medullary stenosis were not described in SSS, [8] making the diagnosis of KCS 1 more probable. [avicennajmed.com]

Cortical thickening of bones (osteosclerosis) and hypocalcemia. [accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com]

Dwarfism and cortical thickening of tubular bones. Transient hypocalcemia in a mother and son. Am J Dis Child 1966;111:201-7. [ PUBMED ] 3. Caffey J. [ijem.in]

Camurati-Engelmann Syndrome

thickening of the diaphyses. [iofbonehealth.org]

Radiographic studies in the two girls demonstrated not only diaphyseal dysplasia (cortical thickening of the diaphyses) resembling that of progressive diaphyseal dysplasia [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

There was some widening and cortical thickening in the left distal femoral diaphysis and marked periarticular osteopenia in the left distal femur and proximal tibia ( Figs [academic.oup.com]

Osteosclerosis

Diffuse sclerosis with cortical thickening involving the right femur and both iliac bones. [slideshare.net]

(b) Anteroposterior radiograph reveals extensive cortical and trabecular thickening of the pelvis and proximal left femur. [dx.doi.org]

Generalized increase in density with cortical thickening of the bones of the hand. The distal phalanges are hypoplastic, and the terminal tufts are absent. 9. [slideshare.net]

Weismann-Netter Syndrome

The bone disorder was mainly characterized by endosteal cortical thickening of long tubular bones and bowing of the weight-bearing ones. [scienceopen.com]

thickening of both bones and short stature. [malacards.org]

Record: found Abstract: found Article: not found A familial syndrome of diaphyseal cortical thickening of the long bones, bowed legs, tendency to fracture and icthyosis. [scienceopen.com]

Familial Paget Disease of Bone

CT image of the first sacral vertebra demonstrates marked cortical thickening (arrows) and trabecular coarsening. Courtesy of Lee F. Rogers. [emedicine.com]

His skull is enlarged with cortical thickening and areas of increased resorption. He also has hearing loss. [nof.org]

spine, monostotic vertebral involvment usually, pelvis, affected in 2/3 cases, consists of cortical thickening, enlargement of pubis/ischium, coarse trabecular pattern, [kmle.co.kr]

Van Buchem Disease

Hyperostosis Corticalis Generalisata, benign form of worth with Torus Palatinus: This condition is characterized by cortical thickening of the long bones without alteration [genedx.com]

The main findings include cortical thickening of the long bones and progressive enlargement of the mandible with decreased gonial angle and the development of torus palatinus [ctgt.net]

Gene SOST gene, 17q21.31 (OMIM gene/locus number #60574 0 ) Phenotype Progressive skeletal overgrowth (especially skull) and cortical thickening and generalized osteosclerosis [iofbonehealth.org]

Hyperostosis Frontalis Interna

[…] women suggest possible hormonal influence Clinical Findings No known clinical significance May be more prevalent with obesity Imaging Findings Bilateral and symmetrical Cortical [learningradiology.com]

[…] hyperostosis a syndrome seen in infants under six months of age, marked by fever, arthralgias, and swelling and cortical thickening of facial, trunk, and long bones. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

thickening that affects primarily frontal bone May occasionally extend to parietal bones Characteristically does not extend across the midline at the sagittal sinus May appear [learningradiology.com]

Stuve-Wiedemann Syndrome

The skeletal radiographic changes include short and broad long bones, large metaphyses, internal cortical thickening, and angulation primarily of tibiae and femora, but also [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

thickening, wide metaphyses with abnormal trabecular pattern, and campodactyly. [checkorphan.org]

The long bones display cortical thickening and an abnormal trabecular pattern. The metaphyses are wide, flared, rarefied and striated. read more [ctgt.net]

Osteoid Osteoma

Initial plain radiographs demonstrated cortical thickening and a lytic lesion at the proximal diaphysis of the fifth metatarsal. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

thickening and vascular fibrous stroma and sclerosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Plain radiograph May be normal or may show a solid periosteal reaction with cortical thickening. [radiopaedia.org]

Calvarial Doughnut Lesions - Bone Fragility Syndrome

Diaphyseal expansion with irregular, cortical thickening involving the mid-dia-physes of the long tubular bones, and narrowing of the medullary cavity are striking features [rrnursingschool.biz]

Conventional histologic studies show changes, including decreased orbicular bone volume, thin cortices, a reduced calcification rate, and thickened periosteum with a defective [radiologykey.com]

thickening (Bakwin et al. 1964; Dunn et al. 1979). [rrnursingschool.biz]

Facial Hemiatrophy

CT and MR findings included unilateral focal infarctions in the corpus callosum, diffuse deep and subcortical white matter signal changes, mild cortical thickening, and leptomeningeal [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

thickening have all been described. [1], [4], [5] Although CT scan was regarded as normal in this patient, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was not performed and perhaps [jpgmonline.com]

[…] sequences (which tends to progress to encephalomalacia), meningeal enhancement, intracranial calcifications, central cerebral atrophy, infarctions in the corpus callosum and cortical [jpgmonline.com]

Malignant Neoplasm of the Bone

•cortical thickening without aggressive periosteal reaction is often seen. •tumour extension into medullary canal,freqently 14. string sign 15. [slideshare.net]

[…] expansion with cortical thickening of the bone. • CHS present as an area of radiolucency with variably distributed punctate or ring-like opacities(mineralization). • Cortical [pedorthpath.com]

thickening and expansion Generally occur in the long bones, but can also be seen in lumbar vertebrae Eosinophilic granuloma / Langerhan's cell histiocytosis Presents in older [imageinterpretation.co.uk]

Osteoma

(arrow), the cause of the cortical thickening and edema. [radsource.us]

Note the adjacent endosteal and cortical thickening. [emedicine.com]

thickening, or sclerosis. [symptoma.com]

Lenz-Majewski Syndrome

thickening; metaphyseal and epiphyseal hypostosis; and retarded skeletal maturation. [doi.org]

Diaphyseal undermodeling and midshaft cortical thickening. Retarded skeletal maturation, humeroradial synostosis. [accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com]

[…] include progressive sclerosis of the skull, facial bones, and vertebrae; broad clavicles and ribs; short or absent middle phalanges; diaphyseal undermodeling and midshaft cortical [doi.org]

Paget Disease of the Bone

CT image of the first sacral vertebra demonstrates marked cortical thickening (arrows) and trabecular coarsening. Courtesy of Lee F. Rogers. [emedicine.com]

Cortical thickening and typical "swiss cheese" appearance of bone are also well demonstrated. Bone scan: -Helpful in determining extent of disease. [uwmsk.org]

The characteristic feature seen radiographically includes coarsening of bone trabeculae with focal osteosclerosis, cortical thickening, and bone enlargement. [elitecme.com]

Primary Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy

Radiologic studies of his limbs demonstrated subperiostial bone formation with bone density and cortical thickening ( Fig. 3 ). [edmcasereports.com]

In the long-standing process, multiple layers of newly formed bone are deposited and cause cortical thickening. [kjim.org]

Cortical thickening with widening of the femoral shafts was noted bilaterally. [doi.org]

Congenital Pseudoarthrosis of the Tibia

In addition, cortical thickening rather than thinning is most likely to be observed radiographically. [nature.com]

In Crawford's type I, a continuous medullary canal and a cortical thickening at the vertex of the bowing are found. [saudijhealthsci.org]

Cortical thickening might be observed. Type II is defined by presence of thinned medullary canal, cortical thickening, and tabulation defect. [jpma.org.pk]

Acquired Osteosclerosis

Imaging work-up showed diaphyseal asymmetric intramedullary sclerosis with cortical thickening. No periosteal reaction or other soft-tissue abnormalities were apparent. [readbyqxmd.com]

Skeletal radiographs (Figure 1, bottompanels) showed increased radiodensity withmarked cortical thickening. 99Tc-whole body bonescan demonstrated diffuse increased uptake. [documents.tips]

thickening in bilateral femoral diaphysis [Figure 4] a-c, right - triangulate, left - arrow, visualized more prominently on right side. [ijnm.in]

Leontiasis due to Leprosy

thickening and sclerosis, and finally, it can have a mixed pattern presentation. [imagejournals.org]

Panel C shows diffuse cortical thickening on a lateral skull X-ray with soft tissue thickening and elevation of the nasal bridge. [doi.org]

[…] in the active or osteolytic phase, aggressive bone resorption and lytic appearance are the hallmarks while on the quiescent and inactive stage there is a predominance of cortical [imagejournals.org]

Osteomesopyknosis

The disorders manifesting with cortical hyperostosis are discussed in Chapter 5, section "Cortical Thickening." [rrnursingschool.biz]

AD Stanesu type thickening of long bones, defcient facial sinus development Osteopathia striata Radiodense SP XLD isolated with striations on all cranial sclerosis bones [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Osteosclerosis Hyperostosis ► [Increased density of trabecular bone (osteosclerosis), thickening of cortical bone (hyperostosis) (Whyte 1997)] Increased bone mass, the result [rrnursingschool.biz]

Osteomyelitis of the Petrous Bone

Image b (6 weeks later): distortion of bone texture, w/incorporation of region of periosteal rxn into cortical bone & resultant cortical thickening, & linear serpiginous areas [radcharts.org]

[…] along its cortical surface (arrowhead). [radiologykey.com]

Image 10: right & left tibia & fibula demonstrate symmetric cortical thickening in diaphyses of long bones. diffuse osseous sclerosis of skull base. [radcharts.org]

Periosteal Chondrosarcoma

[…] around cortex) Cortical thickening Extrinsic cortical scalloping Periosteal reaction perpendicular to cortex (sunburst or Codman triangle) Bone and cartilage components Soft [pathologyoutlines.com]

[…] remodelling, thickening and periosteal reaction are also useful in distinguishing between an enchondroma and low-grade chondrosarcoma (see enchondroma vs. low-grade chondrosarcoma [radiopaedia.org]

[…] bone) Cortex is thickened with scalloping of external surface Heavily ossified base of tumor External aspect of tumor (often the majority of the tumor) is cartilaginous Calcified [pathologyoutlines.com]

Endosteal Hyperostosis

OMIM® : 57 Autosomal dominant endosteal hyperostosis is a generalized bone dysplasia characterized by a cortical thickening of the long bones, with no alteration in external [malacards.org]

as well as a massively enlarged jaw and thickened skull, leading to facial nerve palsy, hearing loss and optic atrophy. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

In all members of the family there was a symmetrical thickening of the diaphyseal cortices of the long bones. [link.springer.com]