Possible Causes for decreased lung compliance Morbid Obesity Definition The overall respiratory problem is one of restrictive lung disease. Chest wall and lung compliance are decreased from the heavy layer of fat. [openanesthesia.org] Also, excessive adipose tissue over the chest decreases the chest wall compliance, and increased abdominal mass forces the diaphragm upwards and reduces lung volumes. [openanesthesia.org] Because awake MO patients already have severe alterations of their respiratory mechanics (10) (decreased chest wall and lung compliance, decreased functional residual capacity [journals.lww.com] Obesity Please log in to edit this article. Edit Synonyms: adipositas, adiposity German : Adipositas, Fettleibigkeit, Fettsucht, Obesitas 1 Definition Obesity is defined as an excessive increase in body fat. The threshold from being overweight to being obese lies at a body mass index (BMI) of 30. Today, obesity is not considered[…] [flexikon.doccheck.com] Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease The tissue damage in the lungs leads to poor compliance (the elasticity, or ability of the lung tissue to expand). [medicinenet.com] Emphysema causes a decrease in elastic recoil pressure and an increase in lung compliance. [doi.org] The decrease in elasticity of the lungs means that oxygen in the air cannot get by obstructions (for example, thick mucus plugs) to reach air spaces (alveoli) where oxygen [medicinenet.com] Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Hallmarks of ARDS include hypoxemia and decreased lung compliance, increased work of breathing, and impaired gas exchange. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] It is characterized by the acute onset of diffuse, bilateral pulmonary infiltrates secondary to noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, refractory hypoxia, and decreased lung compliance [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] [with] hypoxemia and bilateral radiographic opacities, associated with increased venous admixture, increased physiological dead space, and decreased lung compliance." [pulmccm.org] Interstitial Lung Disease Any organ may be involved with the lungs, lymphatics, skin, liver, eyes most commonly affected in decreasing order. [lumen.luc.edu] […] manifestations to watch for: - Myocardial involvement (possible conduction disturbances) - Uveitis - Cranial nerve VII involvement - Erythema nodosa PFTs: Decreased volumes, compliance [lumen.luc.edu] Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonia Lung function showed decreased pulmonary compliance; lung biopsy showed desquamative interstitial pneumonitis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Pulmonary Fibrosis Additionally, the static pressure-volume curve is shifted downward and to the right as a result of decreased lung compliance. [physio-pedia.com] Fibrosis leads to decreased lung compliance and increased elastic recoil, which increases the overall work of breathing and inefficient exchange of gases. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com] The replacement of normal lung with scar tissue causes irreversible decrease in oxygen diffusion capacity, and the resulting stiffness or decreased compliance makes pulmonary [en.wikipedia.org] Pneumothorax Gastric inflation can elevate the diaphragm, restrict lung movement, and decrease respiratory system compliance. 14, –, 16 Airway Adjuncts Cricoid Pressure Cricoid pressure [web.archive.org] Gastric inflation can elevate the diaphragm, restrict lung movement, and decrease respiratory system compliance. 14 – 16 Airway Adjuncts Cricoid Pressure Cricoid pressure [doi.org] Restrictive Lung Disease Common causes of decreased lung compliance are pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonia and pulmonary edema. [medicine.mcgill.ca] Parenchymal Disease In some cases, the pulmonary parenchyma exhibits pathology which causes decreased lung compliance and thus requirements for greater pressures to expand [pathwaymedicine.org] Respiration Laboratory T heory Lung Diseases In a restrictive lung disease, the compliance of the lung is reduced, which increases the stiffness of the lung and limits expansion [medicine.mcgill.ca] Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) of the lungs is a known morphological subtype of nonsmall cell cancer. The current study presents several carcinogenetic theories of BAC and the possible relationship with atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM). The authors present an[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AE-IPF) is a severe condition with limited treatment strategies. Although respiratory infection is a major cause of AE-IPF, no reports have indicated pertussis infection as a cause. Here we report two cases of pertussis infection-induced AE-IPF. Both patients[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia Micrograph showing a Masson body (off center left/bottom of the image – pale circular and paucicellular), as may be seen in cryptogenic organizing pneumonia. The Masson body plugs the airway. The artery associated with the obliterated airway is also seen (far left of the image).[…] [en.wikipedia.org] Interstitial Pulmonary Fibrosis of the Newborn Сайт издательства «Медиа Сфера» содержит материалы, предназначенные исключительно для работников здравоохранения. Закрывая это сообщение, Вы подтверждаете, что являетесь дипломированным медицинским работником или студентом медицинского образовательного учреждения. Журналы Журнал неврологии и[…] [mediasphera.ru] Axial Spondyloarthritis June 04, 2020 01:15 ET Source: Phase III PREVENT data show Cosentyx 150 mg provided significant and sustained improvement in signs and symptoms of non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA) up to Week 521 nr-axSpA is the fourth EU indication for Cosentyx, providing patients in Europe with a first-in-class[…] [globenewswire.com] Nitrofurantoin Toxicity Abstract Nitrofurantoin is an antibiotic commonly used for prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract infections. Pulmonary and hepatic toxicity are rare side effects of this agent. The simultaneous occurrence of pulmonary fibrosis and chronic active hepatitis in a patient undergoing long-term nitrofurantoin[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Ventilation Pneumonitis Depending on the pattern of ventilation a patient may suffer from restrictive lung disease (impairing lung ventilation) caused by decrease in the lung compliance. [intellectbreathing.com] Neutrophils damage the vascular endothelium and alveolar epithelium, leading to pulmonary edema, hyaline membrane formation, decreased lung compliance, and difficult air exchange [aafp.org] PEEP the higher of PEEPi and PEEPe - dynamic effective compliance reduced by decreases in lung or chest wall compliance or increases in airway resistance while static compliance [aic.cuhk.edu.hk] Pulmonary Contusion This blunt lung injury develops over the course of 24 hours, leading to poor gas exchange, increased pulmonary vascular resistance and decreased lung compliance. [prep4usmle.com] Large hemorrhages from contusions may lead to ventilation/perfusion mismatch, pulmonary edema, and decreased lung compliance. 6, 7 Table: Characteristics of Pulmonary Contusion [pulmonarychronicles.com] Chest Trauma Pulmonary Contusion Pulmonary contusion is an injury to lung parenchyma, leading to oedema and blood collecting in alveolar spaces and loss of normal lung structure [trauma.org] Chronic Interstitial Lung Disease Characterized by reduced lung volumes/decreased lung compliance. Give some examples of restrictive lung disorders (6). [quizlet.com] Any organ may be involved with the lungs, lymphatics, skin, liver, eyes most commonly affected in decreasing order. [lumen.luc.edu] Give some examples of obstructive lung disorders (4). -Asthma -COPD (emphysema/chronic bronchitis) -Bronchiectasis -Cystic Fibrosis Summarize restrictive lung disorders. [quizlet.com] Acute Interstitial Lung Disease Any organ may be involved with the lungs, lymphatics, skin, liver, eyes most commonly affected in decreasing order. [lumen.luc.edu] […] manifestations to watch for: - Myocardial involvement (possible conduction disturbances) - Uveitis - Cranial nerve VII involvement - Erythema nodosa PFTs: Decreased volumes, compliance [lumen.luc.edu] Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a systemic necrotizing small vessel vasculitis associated with circulating anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs). Skin manifestations, mostly represented by palpable purpura, papulonodular lesions and livedo reticularis, are present in up to 50% of the cases. Ulcerations[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Ankylosing Spondylitis Anesthesia management for patients with severe ankylosing spondylitis scheduled for total hip arthroplasty is challenging due to a potential difficult airway and difficult neuraxial block. We report 4 cases with ankylosing spondylitis successfully managed with a combination of lumbar plexus, sacral plexus and T12[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis Decreased compliance giving a RESTRICTIVE pattern in pulmonary function tests. (Fev1/FVC ratio 80%). [almostadoctor.co.uk] End stage is “honeycomb lung”, cystic spaces develop in fibrotic lungs. [almostadoctor.co.uk] Pulmonary fibrosis is the end result of many respiratory diseases, it is characterised by: Scar tissue in the lungs. [almostadoctor.co.uk] Inhalation of Polyvinyl Chloride Fumes Marilyn M. Osterhout Springer Science & Business Media, ٠٦/١٢/٢٠١٢ - 804 من الصفحات This vOlume contains the invited and contributed papers pre sented at the American Nuclear Society (ANS) meeting on Decontamina tion and Decommissioning (D & D) of Nuclear Facilities, held Septem ber 16-20, 1979, in Sun Valley,[…] [books.google.com] Pulmonary Scleroderma […] disease - predicts worse prognosis) PFT’s (abnormal in 90% of cases): restriction with decreased lung compliance (not due to chest wall skin changes) DLCO: isolated decrease [mdnxs.com] Technetium-DTPA Clearance Study: has been used to predict prognosis in some centers (more rapid clearance indicates more disrupted epithelial integrity consistent with interstitial lung [mdnxs.com] Pulmonary Consolidation Abstract Twelve patients with bronchial obstruction secondary to either cancer or broncholith were evaluated with chest radiography and computed tomography (CT). Chest radiography showed nonspecific lobar consolidation (12 cases), bulging fissure (6 cases), and air bronchogram (1 case). CT revealed air[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Granulomatous Lung Disease Sarcoid-like granulomatous lung disease (SLGLD) is a condition associated with the formation of noncaseating, nonnecrotizing granulomas. The final by-product of airbag deployment is alkaline silicates or glass. Silicates trapped and sequestered in the lung parenchyma are a potential mediator for immune system[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Pulmonary Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis Abstract Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG) of the lung is an extremely rare, Epstein-Barr virus-related lymphoproliferative disease. We report a case of pulmonary LYG that presented as a large necrotic mass. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Lymphocytic Interstitial Pneumonia A 44-year-old Japanese man consulted to our hospital because of cough and sputum. Chest-XP and CT revealed diffuse reticular opacities in both lungs.A transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) showed a moderate infiltration of lymphocytes in the alveolar septae. He was diagnosed as interstitial pneumonia, and treated by[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Pigeon Breeder's Lung The functional abnormality is essentially a restrictive ventilatory disturbance with impairment of gas transfer and decrease in lung compliance. [tandfonline.com] The clinical features, common to these conditions, consist of pulmonary (dyspnoea, cough, thoracic aches, fine crepitations at both lung bases) and systemic (fever, chills [tandfonline.com] Asbestosis This fibrosis can lead to Reduced lung volumes, Decreased lung compliance, Impaired gas exchange, Restrictive pattern of impairment, Obstructive features due to small airways [atsdr.cdc.gov] […] pulmonary compliance ) Early: decreased DL CO Later: reduced vital capacity and total lung capacity Normal to increased ratio of FEV 1 to FVC Bronchoalveolar lavage Biopsy [amboss.com] Supradiaphragmatic and pleural reticulonodular opacities / plaques Rounded atelectasis In some cases, pleural effusion HR- CT : Pulmonary function test : Restrictive ventilatory defects (decreased [amboss.com]
