Hypertension
Hypertension is also sub-classified: JNC7 distinguishes hypertension stage I, hypertension stage II, and isolated systolic hypertension.[en.wikipedia.org]
Note the generalised tapetal retinal oedema and retinal vessel attenuation.[doi.org]
Systolic hypertension is more strongly associated with cardiovascular disease than diastolic hypertension, and occurs more commonly in older people.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Preeclampsia
Hypertensive disease in pregnancy is associated with a spectrum of severity, ranging from mild pregnancy-induced hypertension to eclampsia.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
vessel analysis and blood pressure measurements throughout gestation, he found that those who later developed preeclampsia had significant attenuation early in gestation.[eyewiki.aao.org]
: Systolic between 130–139 or diastolic between 80–89 mm Hg Stage 2 hypertension: Systolic at least 140 or diastolic at least 90 mm Hg What is gestational hypertension?[acog.org]
Hypertensive Crisis
Hypertensive crisis is a severe increase in blood pressure and can present as hypertensive urgency or as a hypertensive emergency.[symptoma.com]
A patient without a diagnosis of hypertension may have a hypertensive crisis with a lower blood pressure documented (lower than 180 systolic or 120 diastolic).[hiacode.com]
If the retinal vasculature retains autoregulation ability, vessels will maintain a small caliber to cope with high blood pressure.[coavision.org]
Acute Hypertensive Retinopathy
Manual of Hypertension is a comprehensive guide to current medical understanding of hypertension, its complications and management.[books.google.com]
The retinal vessels are attenuated and there are microvascular abnormalities in the posterior pole. There are scattered retinal hemorrhages.[westcoastretina.com]
General indicators of secondary hypertension Young age ( 30 years ) at onset of hypertension or onset of diastolic hypertension at an older age ( 55 years ) Abrupt onset[amboss.com]
Papilledema
[…] visual loss from idiopathic intracranial hypertension, were published in April 2014.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Measurements included mean CBFv, peak systolic velocity, and end diastolic velocity; age-corrected resistive index (RI) was calculated. Systemic BP was recorded.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
White spots - corpora amylacea may be seen on the disc. d) Atrophic papilledema .Peripapillary retinal vessels are attenuated and sheathed. .Dirty-white appearance of the[thamburaj.com]
Retinal Artery Embolism
Hypertension and fibrinogen as risk-factors for carotid artery disease: the Rotterdam elderly study. Hypertension 1991; 18: 426. Google Scholar 34.[link.springer.com]
Central retinal artery occlusion with cilioretinal artery sparing Chronic signs of retinal artery occlusion include pale optic disc, thinned retinal tissue, attenuated vessels[eyewiki.aao.org]
Uncontrolled hypertension was defined as a systolic blood pressure of 160 mm Hg or greater or a diastolic blood pressure of 95 mm Hg or greater.[jamanetwork.com]
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
Hypertension is generally asymptomatic. Headaches may be observed. Diabetes mellitus may manifest in polyuria and polydipsia.[symptoma.com]
(c) Fundus picture of the right eye 6 weeks later with pale disc and sclerosed attenuated retinal vessels.[surgicalneurologyint.com]
[…] at time of treatment ( 185 mmHg systolic or 110 mmHg diastolic) Blood glucose 22.22 mmol [ 62 ] NIH Stroke scale score 25 [ 62 ] Seizure at onset of stroke Active internal[doi.org]
Optic Nerve Infarction
CLINICAL CASE: We report a case of a 26 year old woman with Raynaud's phenomenon and livedo reticularis 2 years onset, who presented with visual field defects accompanied by hypertension[readbyqxmd.com]
vessels, peripapillary nerve fiber layer hemorrhages, cotton-wool spots, exudates, retinal folds (Paton’s lines), and absent venous pulsations (absent in 20% of normal individuals[clinicalgate.com]
Additional notes : Malignant hypertension is a medical emergency.[patient.info]
Arterial Tortuosity Syndrome
We describe our hybrid surgical procedure in the treatment of a case of kinking of the pulmonary branches with significant gradient and hypertension.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
(previous use of antihypertensive medication, systolic blood pressure 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure 90 mmHg on repeated measurement), diabetes mellitus (previous use[frontiersin.org]
The retinal vessels were attenuated but not tortuous and exhibited mild atherosclerotic changes. The macula had areas of retinal pigment epithelial rarefaction.[jamanetwork.com]
Arterial Embolism
The second patient was a middle aged man with non-insulin dependent diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, arterial hypertension and hyperthyroidism.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Central retinal artery occlusion with cilioretinal artery sparing Chronic signs of retinal artery occlusion include pale optic disc, thinned retinal tissue, attenuated vessels[eyewiki.aao.org]
Causes of right-to-left shunting include the following: Right atrial hypertension Right ventricular hypertension Right ventricular failure with increased end-diastolic pressure[emedicine.medscape.com]