Early Repolarization: Causes & Reasons

Possible Causes for Early Repolarization

The term “early repolarization” (ER) has long been used to refer to a heterogeneous group of specific QRS‐T junction patterns that are commonly found on the electrocardiograms [doi.org]

High prevalence of early repolarization in short QT syndrome. Heart Rhythm 2010;7:647-52. [acc.org]

Kambara H, Phillips J (1976) Long-term evaluation of early repolarization syndrome (normal variant RS-T segment elevation). [link.springer.com]

Paroxysmal Ventricular Fibrillation

BACKGROUND: Recently, we and others reported that early repolarization (J wave) is associated with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

BACKGROUND: A high incidence of early repolarization (ER) pattern in the inferolateral leads has been reported in patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

BACKGROUND: The early repolarization (ER) pattern on ECG is associated with an increased risk of idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (ID-VF). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Brugada Syndrome

KEYWORDS: J-waves; early repolarization; electrocardiography; sudden cardiac death; ventricular fibrillation [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This study confirms the independent predictive value of previous VF and syncopal episodes, f-QRS, type 1 electrocardiogram, and early repolarization pattern. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We describe a unique case in which a patient developed inferior J waves with an early repolarization-type electrocardiogram following successful epicardial infundibular substrate [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Long QT Syndrome 2

Electrocardiographic characteristics and SCN5A mutations in idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with early repolarization. [med.niigata-u.ac.jp]

Clinical characteristics and risk of arrhythmia recurrences in patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with early repolarization. [med.niigata-u.ac.jp]

Torsade-De-Pointes Syndrome with Short Coupling Interval

Nam GB, Ko KH, Kim J, et al., Mode of onset of ventricular fibrillation in patients with early repolarization pattern vs. [touchcardio.com]

Therefore, in this context long or short QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome or early repolarization syndrome were unlikely. 6 Analysis of periods of torsade de pointes in our patient [elsevier.pt]

A case of short-coupled premature ventricular beat-in-duced ventricular fibrillation with early repolar-ization in the inferolateral leads. [1library.co]

Cocaine Abuse

A 43-year-old woman with a history of cocaine abuse presented with decreased mental responsiveness and cyanosis of the extremities several hours after repeated use of "crack" cocaine. She developed bilateral hand compartment syndrome requiring emergency fasciotomy and gangrene of both hands and legs despite[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Diffuse Intraventricular Block

repolarization (BER) Ventricular aneurysm Coronary vasospasm LITFL Further Reading ECG Library Basics – Waves, Intervals, Segments and Clinical Interpretation ECG A to Z [lifeinthefastlane.com]

The ST elevation from early repolarization resolves with exercise while that of pericarditis does not. [healio.com]

repolarization. [rjmatthewsmd.com]

Athletic Heart Syndrome

As mentioned previously, sinus bradycardia, AV blocks, extrasystoles, and early repolarization are hallmarks of athletic heart syndrome. [symptoma.com]

Results from asymmetry in repolarization due to vagal tone Why is early repolarization common in athlete hearts? [quizlet.com]

Early repolarization (J point elevation > 1 mm) in leads V1-V3 is seen in a majority of endurance athletes. [ahcmedia.com]

Lateral Myocardial Infarction

Benign Early Repolarization (BER): Benign early repolarization usually represents a normal variant most often seen in young, healthy patients. [cdemcurriculum.com]

Repolarization, Juvenile T Waves, Nonspecific ST and/or T Wave Abnormalities, ST and/or T Wave Abnormalities Suggesting Myocardial Ischemia, ST and/or T Wave Abnormalities [play.google.com]

There are only a few times that I recall isolated J point elevation that looks more like early repolarization but really occurred during acute chest pain from an anterior [healio.com]

Acute Pleuropericarditis

ST segment / T wave ratio: In acute Pericarditis, T wave has normal amplitude, but are usually peaked in early repolarization. An ST/T ratio early repolarization. [en.my-ekg.com]

Electrocardiographic Manifestations of Acute Pericarditis, Acute Myocardial Infarction, and Early Repolarization Electrocardiographic finding Acute pericarditis Myocardial [aafp.org]

Keywords Right Ventricle Cardiac Tamponade Constrictive Pericarditis Early Repolarization Acute Pericarditis These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. [link.springer.com]

Long QT Syndrome 9

Electrocardiographic characteristics and SCN5A mutations in idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with early repolarization. [med.niigata-u.ac.jp]

Clinical characteristics and risk of arrhythmia recurrences in patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with early repolarization. [med.niigata-u.ac.jp]

Acute Pericarditis

ST segment / T wave ratio: In acute Pericarditis, T wave has normal amplitude, but are usually peaked in early repolarization. An ST/T ratio early repolarization. [en.my-ekg.com]

repolarization is present, meaning the T wave in early repolarization is usually 4 times the amplitude of the ST segment elevation. [healio.com]

ECG changes of both acute myocardial infarction and early repolarization can appear similar to ECG changes of acute pericarditis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Ventricular Fibrillation

Prominent early repolarization pattern was the most likely trigger of the VF storm in this Brugada patient. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Patients presenting with aborted cardiac arrest who display early repolarization generally are diagnosed with early repolarization syndrome. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Characteristics of recurrent ventricular fibrillation associated with inferolateral early repolarization. JACC. 2009;53:612-9. [medigraphic.com]

Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia Type 5

Early repolarization pattern: a marker of increased risk in patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. [cambridge.org]

Electrocardiographic characteristics and SCN5A mutations in idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with early repolarization. [med.niigata-u.ac.jp]

repolarization syndrome Treatment Avoidance of strenuous exercise, medication, implantable cardioverter defibrillator[2] Medication Beta-adrenoceptor blockers, Verapamil, [wikipredia.net]

Long QT Syndrome 15

Electrocardiographic characteristics and SCN5A mutations in idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with early repolarization. [med.niigata-u.ac.jp]

Clinical characteristics and risk of arrhythmia recurrences in patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with early repolarization. [med.niigata-u.ac.jp]

Long QT Syndrome 6

Dissection • Cocaine Intoxication • Short QT Syndrome • Long QT Syndrome • Athlete’s Heart • Persistent Juvenile Pattern • Pericarditis • Myocarditis • Brugada Syndrome • Early [play.google.com]

This may be useful in distinguishing hyperacute MI from benign early repolarization (both may produce similar hyperacute T waves, but benign early repolarisation (BER) will [lifeinthefastlane.com]

巻 : 3 ページ : 10-17 関連する報告書査読あり [雑誌論文] High prevalence of early repolarization in short QT syndrome. 2010 著者名/発表者名 Watanabe H, Makiyama T, Koyama T, Kannankeril PJ, Seto S, [kaken.nii.ac.jp]

Long QT Syndrome 3

These loss-of-function mutations reduce the sodium current (I Na ) available during the phases 0 (upstroke) and 1 (early repolarization) of the cardiac action potential. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Long QT Syndrome 1

Electrocardiographic characteristics and SCN5A mutations in idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with early repolarization. [med.niigata-u.ac.jp]

Clinical characteristics and risk of arrhythmia recurrences in patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with early repolarization. [med.niigata-u.ac.jp]

Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia Type 2

AIMS: The early repolarization pattern (ERP) has been shown to be associated with arrhythmias in patients with short QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, and ischaemic heart disease [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Mutations in these genes cause various phenotypes, including Timothy syndrome, Brugada syndrome, and early repolarization syndrome. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A, Early repolarization pattern in the inferior and lateral leads. [doi.org]

Pericarditis

repolarization is present, meaning the T wave in early repolarization is usually 4 times the amplitude of the ST segment elevation. [healio.com]

Early repolarization on the scalar electrocardiogram. American Journal of the Medical Sciences 1995;309(6):305-11. LeWinter. Acute pericarditis. [emcrit.org]

The ST segment elevation in early repolarization resolves when the person exercises. [healio.com]

Early Repolarization Associated with Ventricular Fibrillation

Early repolarization on electrocardiography. N Engl J Med. 2010; 362: 1148. [revistas.unimagdalena.edu.co]

SHOWING 1-10 OF 12 REFERENCES Sudden cardiac arrest associated with early repolarization. M. HaïssaguerreN. Derval J. [semanticscholar.org]

Longterm outcome associated with early repolarization on electrocardiography. [revistas.unimagdalena.edu.co]

Paroxysmal Ventricular Fibrillation Type 1

QTc interval than those without early repolarization. [nejm.org]

Sudden cardiac arrest associated with early repolarization. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:2016-2023. [e-arrhythmia.org]

A KCNJ8 mutation associated with early repolarization and atrial fibrillation. Europace 2012;14:1428–1432. [synapse.koreamed.org]

Short QT Syndrome

High prevalence of early repolarization in short QT syndrome. Heart Rhythm 2010; 7: 647– 652. 15. Schimpf R, Bauersfeld U, Gaita F, et al. [escardio.org]

High prevalence of early repolarization in short QT syndrome. Heart Rhythm. 2010;7:64752. Bazett HC. An analysis of the time-relations of electrocardiograms. [medigraphic.com]

Watanabe et al (14)observed that early repolarization was more common in SQTS patients (65%) and, moreover, that it was associated with the appearance of arrhythmic events [escardio.org]

Gupta Patton Syndrome

Examples of early repolarization pattern. [ahajournals.org]

Mode of onset of ventricular fibrillation in patients with early repolarization pattern vs. [ahajournals.org]

Early repolarization is an independent predictor of occurrences of ventricular fibrillation in the very early phase of acute myocardial infarction.Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol [ahajournals.org]

Progressive Familial Heart Block Type 1B

Long-term outcome associated with early repolarization on electrocardiography. N Engl J Med 2009; 361: 2529–37. [aerjournal.com]

A clinical approach to early repolarization. Circulation. 2013;127:1620-9. [itaca.edu.es]

(i.e., dispersion of repolarization between epicardium and endocardium), which is responsible for J point elevation and early repolarization pattern on the surface ECG, is [clinicalgate.com]

Familial Ventricular Polymorphic Tachycardia

repolarization syndrome, idiopathic ventricular fibrillation, and arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia. [ndsl.kr]

Electrocardiographic characteristics and SCN5A mutations in idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with early repolarization. [med.niigata-u.ac.jp]

Mode of onset of ventricular fibrillation in patients with early repolarization pattern vs. Brugada syndrome. Eur Heart J. 2010 Feb. 31 (3):330-9. [Medline]. [medscape.com]

Long QT Syndrome 4

Electrocardiographic characteristics and SCN5A mutations in idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with early repolarization. [med.niigata-u.ac.jp]

[…] between weeks 14 and 39 is useful for early diagnosis of LQTS.34 Gonadal mosaicism for LQTS has been associated with recurrent fetal losses during the third trimester of [revespcardiol.org]

Clinical characteristics and risk of arrhythmia recurrences in patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with early repolarization. [med.niigata-u.ac.jp]

Hypertrichotic Osteochondrodysplasia

Examples of J-wave disorders are arrhythmias associated with an early repolarization pattern in the inferior or mid to lateral precordial leads, Brugada syndrome, some cases [genecards.org]

ABCC9 is a novel Brugada and early repolarization syndrome susceptibility gene. Int J Cardiol. 2014;171:431–42. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hu D, Barajas-Martínez H, Terzic A, Park S, Pfeiffer R, et al: ABCC9 is a novel Brugada and early repolarization syndrome susceptibility gene. [karger.com]

Goldstein-Hutt Syndrome

Early repolarization revisites. N Engl J Med 2008;358:19. Editorial. 66. Boineau JP. [es.studenta.com]

Sudden cardiac arrest associated with early repolarization. N Engl J Med 2008;358:2016-23. 68. Rosso R. et al. [es.studenta.com]

Early repolarization syndrome: clinical characteristics and possible cellular and ionic mechanisms. J Electrocardiol 2000;33:299. 75 XI. [es.studenta.com]

Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia

Early repolarization pattern: a marker of increased risk in patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. [cambridge.org]

PED Brugada syndroom / Brugada syndrome / BrS Lang QT syndroom / long QT syndrome / LQTS Kort QT syndroom / short QT syndrome / SQTS Vroegtijdig repolarisatie syndroom / Early [labogidsmedgen.uza.be]

Therefore, in this context long or short QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome or early repolarization syndrome were unlikely. 6 Analysis of periods of torsade de pointes in our patient [elsevier.pt]