Early-repolarization: Causes & Reasons

Warning: Do not use in emergencies, if pregnant, if under 18, or as a substitute for a doctor’s advice or diagnosis. Learn more

Possible Causes for early repolarization

Early Repolarization Syndrome

Abstract The syndrome of the early repolarization variant is described. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Although early repolarization syndrome is considered a benign entity, its arrhythmogenic potential still remains unknown. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Early Repolarization Considerations Early Repolarization Pattern was unanimously regarded as “normal,” a “normal variant”, or a “benign early repolarization” for decades. [en.my-ekg.com]

Idiopathic Ventricular Fibrillation

BACKGROUND: Recently, we and others reported that early repolarization (J wave) is associated with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

BACKGROUND: A high incidence of early repolarization (ER) pattern in the inferolateral leads has been reported in patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

BACKGROUND: The early repolarization (ER) pattern on ECG is associated with an increased risk of idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (ID-VF). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Brugada Syndrome

KEYWORDS: J-waves; early repolarization; electrocardiography; sudden cardiac death; ventricular fibrillation [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This study confirms the independent predictive value of previous VF and syncopal episodes, f-QRS, type 1 electrocardiogram, and early repolarization pattern. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We describe a unique case in which a patient developed inferior J waves with an early repolarization-type electrocardiogram following successful epicardial infundibular substrate [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Familial Short QT Syndrome

The term “early repolarization” (ER) has long been used to refer to a heterogeneous group of specific QRS‐T junction patterns that are commonly found on the electrocardiograms [doi.org]

repolarization pattern in the ECG and that the presence of early repolarization is strongly associated with arrhythmic events. [circep.ahajournals.org]

repolarization syndrome” (ERS) has progressively entered into use. [doi.org]

Cocaine Abuse

A 43-year-old woman with a history of cocaine abuse presented with decreased mental responsiveness and cyanosis of the extremities several hours after repeated use of "crack" cocaine. She developed bilateral hand compartment syndrome requiring emergency fasciotomy and gangrene of both hands and legs despite[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Ventricular Fibrillation

Prominent early repolarization pattern was the most likely trigger of the VF storm in this Brugada patient. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Patients presenting with aborted cardiac arrest who display early repolarization generally are diagnosed with early repolarization syndrome. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Standard twelve-lead follow-up ECGs revealed early repolarization pattern and an intermittent coved type ST elevation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Long QT Syndrome 2

Electrocardiographic characteristics and SCN5A mutations in idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with early repolarization. [med.niigata-u.ac.jp]

Clinical characteristics and risk of arrhythmia recurrences in patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with early repolarization. [med.niigata-u.ac.jp]

Athletic Heart Syndrome

Results from asymmetry in repolarization due to vagal tone Why is early repolarization common in athlete hearts? [quizlet.com]

Early repolarization (J point elevation 1 mm) in leads V1-V3 is seen in a majority of endurance athletes. [ahcmedia.com]

As mentioned previously, sinus bradycardia, AV blocks, extrasystoles, and early repolarization are hallmarks of athletic heart syndrome. [symptoma.com]

Anterior Myocardial Infarction

BACKGROUND: Early repolarization (ER) and acute left anterior descending artery occlusion (LADO) may be difficult to distinguish. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

He presented with the combined electrocardiographic abnormality of the Brugada-like or early repolarization pattern, which was misdiagnosed as acute anterior myocardial infarction [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Repolarization in young men Men age 40 years old V2-V3 ST Elevation 2 mm Women V2-V3 ST Elevation 1.5 mm Deep symmetric T-wave inversion Occurs in multiple precordial leads [fpnotebook.com]

Acute Pericarditis

ECG changes of both acute myocardial infarction and early repolarization can appear similar to ECG changes of acute pericarditis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

ST segment / T wave ratio: In acute Pericarditis, T wave has normal amplitude, but are usually peaked in early repolarization. An ST/T ratio early repolarization. [en.my-ekg.com]

repolarization. [en.wikipedia.org]

Torsade-De-Pointes Syndrome with Short Coupling Interval

Electrical storm in idiopathic ventricular fibrillation is associated with early repolarization, J Am Coll Cardiol, 2013;62:1015–9. 7. [touchcardio.com]

Therefore, in this context long or short QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome or early repolarization syndrome were unlikely. 6 Analysis of periods of torsade de pointes in our patient [elsevier.pt]

QT-interval prolongation predisposes to arrhythmia by prolonging repolarization, which induces early after-depolarizations and spatial dispersion of refractoriness. [merckmanuals.com]

Diffuse Intraventricular Block

repolarization (BER) Ventricular aneurysm Coronary vasospasm LITFL Further Reading ECG Library Basics – Waves, Intervals, Segments and Clinical Interpretation ECG A to Z [lifeinthefastlane.com]

The ST elevation from early repolarization resolves with exercise while that of pericarditis does not. [healio.com]

repolarization. [rjmatthewsmd.com]

Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia

Early repolarization pattern: a marker of increased risk in patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. [cambridge.org]

PED Brugada syndroom / Brugada syndrome / BrS Lang QT syndroom / long QT syndrome / LQTS Kort QT syndroom / short QT syndrome / SQTS Vroegtijdig repolarisatie syndroom / Early [labogidsmedgen.uza.be]

repolarization syndrome Treatment Avoidance of strenuous exercise, medication, implantable cardioverter defibrillator[2] Medication Beta-adrenoceptor blockers, Verapamil, [en.wikipedia.org]

Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia Type 2

AIMS: The early repolarization pattern (ERP) has been shown to be associated with arrhythmias in patients with short QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, and ischaemic heart disease [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Mutations in these genes cause various phenotypes, including Timothy syndrome, Brugada syndrome, and early repolarization syndrome. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A, Early repolarization pattern in the inferior and lateral leads. [doi.org]

Lateral Myocardial Infarction

Benign Early Repolarization (BER): Benign early repolarization usually represents a normal variant most often seen in young, healthy patients. [cdemcurriculum.com]

Repolarization, Juvenile T Waves, Nonspecific ST and/or T Wave Abnormalities, ST and/or T Wave Abnormalities Suggesting Myocardial Ischemia, ST and/or T Wave Abnormalities [play.google.com]

repolarization, pericarditis, hyperkalemia, and ventricular aneurysm. [7] [8] [9] There are heavily researched clinical decision tools such as the TIMI Scores which help [en.wikipedia.org]

Pericarditis

repolarization is present, meaning the T wave in early repolarization is usually 4 times the amplitude of the ST segment elevation. [healio.com]

Early repolarization on the scalar electrocardiogram. American Journal of the Medical Sciences 1995;309(6):305-11. LeWinter. Acute pericarditis. [emcrit.org]

The ST segment elevation in early repolarization resolves when the person exercises. [healio.com]

Apical Myocardial Infarction

His initial EKG showed J point elevation in leads III, aVF, V2-V5, consistent with early repolarization changes. [shmabstracts.com]

Early repolarization Early repolarization is a common finding in young, healthy individuals. [healio.com]

Early repolarization frequently looks simply like “J point” elevation. 3. [healio.com]

Acute Pleuropericarditis

ST segment / T wave ratio: In acute Pericarditis, T wave has normal amplitude, but are usually peaked in early repolarization. An ST/T ratio early repolarization. [en.my-ekg.com]

Electrocardiographic Manifestations of Acute Pericarditis, Acute Myocardial Infarction, and Early Repolarization Electrocardiographic finding Acute pericarditis Myocardial [aafp.org]

Keywords Right Ventricle Cardiac Tamponade Constrictive Pericarditis Early Repolarization Acute Pericarditis These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. [link.springer.com]

Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia Type 5

Early repolarization pattern: a marker of increased risk in patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. [cambridge.org]

Electrocardiographic characteristics and SCN5A mutations in idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with early repolarization. [med.niigata-u.ac.jp]

repolarization syndrome Treatment Avoidance of strenuous exercise, medication, implantable cardioverter defibrillator[2] Medication Beta-adrenoceptor blockers, Verapamil, [en.wikipedia.org]

Long QT Syndrome 9

Electrocardiographic characteristics and SCN5A mutations in idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with early repolarization. [med.niigata-u.ac.jp]

Clinical characteristics and risk of arrhythmia recurrences in patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with early repolarization. [med.niigata-u.ac.jp]

Posterior Myocardial Infarction

In some cases the slope is downward (convex), which can be confused with early repolarization. [ahcmedia.com]

Electrocardiographic differentiation of early repolarization from subtle anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Ann Emerg Med 2012;60:45–56. 5. [bjcardio.co.uk]

The mechanism of these ECG modulations of the RBBB pattern was believed to be a superimposition of the early depolarization and repolarization consequences of the PMI. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Familial Ventricular Tachycardia

repolarization syndrome, idiopathic ventricular fibrillation, and arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia. [ndsl.kr]

Mode of onset of ventricular fibrillation in patients with early repolarization pattern vs. Brugada syndrome. Eur Heart J. 2010 Feb. 31 (3):330-9. [Medline]. [medscape.com]

Electrocardiographic characteristics and SCN5A mutations in idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with early repolarization. [med.niigata-u.ac.jp]

Nonsustained Ventricular Tachycardia

repolarization syndromes that usually present with polymorphic episodes. [heartlandcardiology.com]

In trained athletes with no structural heart disease, genetic channelopathies and early repolarization, it is considered to be benign, as it disappears during deconditioning [symptoma.com]

[…] hypertension and valve disease, cardiomyopathies, and inherited channelopathies such as long QT syndrome (LQTS), catecholaminergic polymorphic VT, Brugada syndrome, and other early [heartlandcardiology.com]

Acute Atrial Infarction

Spodick DH: Differential characteristics of the electrocardiogram in early repolarization and acute pericarditis. N Engl J Med 1976;295:523-526. Crossref 4. [jamanetwork.com]

Repolarization, Juvenile T Waves, Nonspecific ST and/or T Wave Abnormalities, ST and/or T Wave Abnormalities Suggesting Myocardial Ischemia, ST and/or T Wave Abnormalities [play.google.com]

The other normal variant that may be associated with prominent T wave inversion is the early repolarization pattern. [angelfire.com]

Ventricular Arrhythmia

Early repolarization (ER) has been associated with an increased risk of sudden cardiac arrest. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

repolarization syndrome 9. [escardio.org]

Inherited primary arrhythmia syndromes 8.1 Long QT syndrome 8.2 Short QT syndrome 8.3 Brugada syndrome 8.4 Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia 8.5 Early [escardio.org]

Cardiac Arrhythmia

In this review, we discuss the current state of knowledge regarding these mutations present in Timothy Syndrome, Long and Short QT Syndromes, Brugada Syndrome and Early Repolarization [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Augmentation of J waves and electrical storms in patients with early repolarization. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Long-term outcome associated with early repolarization on electrocardiography. N Engl J Med. 2009 ; 361 : 2529–2537. Crossref Medline Google Scholar 86. [doi.org]

Tonsillitis

“ST-segment elevation in the early repolarization syndrome, idiopathic ventricular fibrillation, and the Brugada syndrome: cellular and clinical linkage”. [thecardiologyadvisor.com]

QT-interval prolongation predisposes to arrhythmia by prolonging repolarization, which induces early after-depolarizations and spatial dispersion of refractoriness. [msdmanuals.com]

Early after-depolarizations and torsade de pointes: implications for the control of cardiac arrhythmias by prolonging repolarization. [ahajournals.org]

Long QT Syndrome 15

Electrocardiographic characteristics and SCN5A mutations in idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with early repolarization. [med.niigata-u.ac.jp]

Clinical characteristics and risk of arrhythmia recurrences in patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with early repolarization. [med.niigata-u.ac.jp]

Long QT Syndrome 1

Electrocardiographic characteristics and SCN5A mutations in idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with early repolarization. [med.niigata-u.ac.jp]

Clinical characteristics and risk of arrhythmia recurrences in patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with early repolarization. [med.niigata-u.ac.jp]

Long QT Syndrome 6

Dissection • Cocaine Intoxication • Short QT Syndrome • Long QT Syndrome • Athlete’s Heart • Persistent Juvenile Pattern • Pericarditis • Myocarditis • Brugada Syndrome • Early [play.google.com]

This may be useful in distinguishing hyperacute MI from benign early repolarization (both may produce similar hyperacute T waves, but benign early repolarisation (BER) will [lifeinthefastlane.com]

巻 : 3 ページ : 10-17 関連する報告書査読あり [雑誌論文] High prevalence of early repolarization in short QT syndrome. 2010 著者名/発表者名 Watanabe H, Makiyama T, Koyama T, Kannankeril PJ, Seto S, [kaken.nii.ac.jp]