EEG Slowing & Memory Impairment & Rhythmic Slowing: Causes & Reasons

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Patient File

Sex unknown, Age unknown

Reported Symptoms

EEG Slowing, Memory Impairment, Rhythmic Slowing,

Negated

None

Unsure

None

Possible Causes

Stroke

Memory impairments are common after stroke, and the anatomical basis for impairments may be quite variable. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Rhythmic slow discharges in the electroencephalogram. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1945;8:65. [ Links ] 19. Faure J, Droogleever-Fortuyn, Gastaut H. [scielo.br]

Deep Belief Networks Based Brain Activity Classification Using EEG from Slow Cortical Potentials in Stroke. [dergipark.org.tr]

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Alzheimer Disease

The MCI patients showed impairment of everyday memory tasks requiring delayed recall. [dx.doi.org]

CONCLUSIONS: Memory impairment is a more accurate predictor of early AD than atrophy of MTL on MRI, whereas CSF abnormalities and memory impairment are about equally predictive [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract Dysregulation of histone acetylation has been implicated in the onset of age-associated memory impairment and the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Dementia

The mechanisms underlying age-associated memory impairment are, however, not understood. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In patients with delirium, the EEG shows a diffuse slowing of the background rhythm. An exception is patients with delirium tremens, where the EEG shows fast activity. [web.archive.org]

We aimed to identify predictors of misclassification by 3 brief cognitive assessments; the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Memory Impairment Screen (MIS) and animal [cp.neurology.org]

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Traumatic Brain Injury

RATIONALE: We report on a patient who showed delayed degeneration of the left fornical crus with verbal memory impairment following mild traumatic brain injury (TBI), which [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The patient showed mild memory impairment (especially short-term memory impairment) at 3 months after onset: Memory Assessment Scale (global memory: 95 (37%ile), short-term [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

These patients complained of memory impairment after head trauma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Hydrocephalus

Further deficits include difficulty managing finances, taking medications, driving, keeping track of appointments, daytime sleeping, short-term memory impairments, and psychomotor [en.wikipedia.org]

This can cause a number of long-term complications, such as: learning disabilities impaired speech memory problems short attention span problems with organisational skills [nhs.uk]

As the condition progresses, those with hydrocephalus show decreased mental activity, reflected in withdrawn behavior, lethargy, apathy, impaired memory, and speech problems [neurosurgery.ufl.edu]

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Wernicke Encephalopathy

Cognitive assessment revealed severe impairment of memory, attention, and logical and executive abilities. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] generalized slowing, consistent with brain injury. [path.upmc.edu]

Deterioration of consciousness affected 53.1% (26 of 49) of the subjects and memory impairment 61.2% (30 of 49). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Hypoglycemia

They consist of fatigue, irritability, nervousness, depression, insomnia, flushing, impaired memory and concentration. [fibromyalgiatreatment.com]

It may produce confusion, irritation, inability to concentrate, headache, lightheadedness, memory loss, numbness of the lips and tongue, slurred speech, lack of coordination [intechopen.com]

emotional changes, drowsiness, and double vision, or any combination of these symptoms due to impaired function of central nervous system. 8.3 Level III (severe hypoglycemia [intechopen.com]

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Metabolic Encephalopathy

With prompt thiamine, symptoms may clear within a few days, but 25 % develop korsakoff's psychosis with permanent memory impairments. ...Read more See 1 more doctor answer [healthtap.com]

frontal intermittent rhythmic delta activity (FIRDA), or spikes and sharp waves as well as spike-wave discharges in temporal regions. [37] In hyponatremia, EEG detects [neurologyindia.com]

Confusion, seizures, slow EEG with triphasic waves, peripheral asterixis, and myoclonus Polyneuropathy seen in hepatic disease is often associated with what? [cram.com]

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Migraine

(retrosplenial cortex 41 ), muscle weakness and impaired motor coordination (motor cortex 42 ), attention deficits (parietal association cortex 43 ), and visual disturbances [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract Acute confusional migraine (ACM) shows typical electroencephalography (EEG) patterns of diffuse delta slowing and frontal intermittent rhythmic delta activity (FIRDA [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

EEG was normal at the beginning of visual aura. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Encephalitis

CONCLUSION: Primary symptoms of LGI1 antibody encephalitis include memory impairments, seizures, FBDS, and mental and behavioral abnormalities. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The EEG showed a slow wave rhythm in all five patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The EEG is invariably abnormal in HSE showing either early non-specific slowing or later “PLEDS” (periodic lateralising epileptiform discharges), although these are not themselves [doi.org]

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Hyponatremia

Cognitive impairment (eg, short-term memory loss, disorientation, confusion, depression). Focal or generalised seizures. [patient.info]

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Toxic Encephalopathy

impairment, difficulties in concentration and personality changes such as passivity The presence of pathological findings in terms of an objective measurement A relation [experttoxicologist.com]

frontal intermittent rhythmic delta activity (FIRDA), or spikes and sharp waves as well as spike-wave discharges in temporal regions. [37] In hyponatremia, EEG detects [neurologyindia.com]

EEG did not reveal any abnormalities except diffuse slowing of background rhythm in one patient who was critically ill. [ruralneuropractice.com]

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Meningoencephalitis

After admission, the confusion progressed and the patient experienced memory impairment and motor agitation. [n.neurology.org]

An EEG showed moderate diffuse background slowing and frequent runs of frontally predominant rhythmic delta waves consistent with seizure activity. [jamanetwork.com]

No. 2 Journal of More information Dementia2 Today s Topics Memory Impairment & Dementia Age Associated Memory Impairment Dementia Definition of dementia Depression Schizophrenia [docsplayer.org]

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Cushing Syndrome

Neurologic complications such as visual loss, weakness, and memory impairment have rarely been reported with both external beam and stereotactic radiotherapy. [pituitary.org]

[…] alertness, concentration or memory. [draxe.com]

To help fight stress and therefore rising cortisol levels, try some of the following natural stress relievers : Meditation: This helps reduce the stress response without impairing [draxe.com]

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Hypocalcemia

Memory impairment. Lethargy. Headaches. Brittle nails. Dry hair and skin. Painful menstruation. [patient.info]

The electrocardiogram (ECG) may show prolongation of the Q-T interval, and the EEG may demonstrate slowing and generalized bursts of spikes. 44 Treatment Patients with symptomatic [epilepsy.com]

Cognitive defects such as mental retardation and memory impairment have been encountered. [web.archive.org]

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Acute Intermittent Porphyria

Less common side effects include memory impairment, weight gain, rash, and atrioventricular block. [journaltocs.ac.uk]

The study confirms that FAS can impair episodic verbal memory and learning. d-aspartate receptor antibody-mediated temporal lobe epilepsy with amygdala enlargement without [journaltocs.ac.uk]

Tasks measuring auditory working memory and psychomotor processing speed were not affected by the stimulation. [journaltocs.ac.uk]

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Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis

The patient exhibited a severe short-term episodic memory impairment and psychiatric symptoms. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The EEG then indicated excess beta activity, followed by the emergence of continuous slow activity, including generalised rhythmic delta activity and extreme delta brush, [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

SIGNIFICANCE: Diffuse slowing was the most common presentation on the EEG in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Epilepsy

Abstract Epilepsy is a type of refractory neurologic disorder mental disease, which is associated with cognitive impairments and memory dysfunction. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Often the rhythmic movements slow before stopping. Eyes are generally open. The person may not appear to be breathing. [emedicinehealth.com]

Her EEG showed slow background with continuous occipital small spikes and photosensitivity. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Susac Syndrome

It consists of a clinical triad of: acute or subacute encephalopathy which could manifest in a broad spectrum of symptoms, e.g. memory impairment, confusion, behavioral disturbances [radiopaedia.org]

EEG showed slow background theta activity and intermittent rhythmic delta activity in the precentral areas. [karger.com]

Her electroencephalogram (EEG) was diffusely slow with 2–3 Hz delta rhythm especially in the frontal regions [Figure 2]A. [pediatricneurosciences.com]

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Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome

The pattern of both anterograde and retrograde memory impairment and frontal pathology is shown to be comparable with that observed in patients with Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

and (3) a few brief episodes of rhythmic theta bursts from the right frontal region, indicating delirium. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Electroencephalogram (EEG) shows diffuse mild to moderately slow activity. 2. What imaging studies (if any) should be ordered to help establish the diagnosis? [clinicaladvisor.com]

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Limbic Encephalitis

Subclinical seizure patterns and memory impairment persisted over one to two years after clinical seizure remission. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The non-saccadic, nystagmoid intrusions included slow movements (with or without a corrective quick phase) that were both non-rhythmic (torsional pendular) and semi-rhythmic [doi.org]

Ten (10/18) patients had temporal lobe epileptic activity with or without general slowing on EEG. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Focal Epilepsy - Speech Disorder - Mental Retardation

[…] difficulties Anxiety, depression Other neuropsychiatric impairments Autism References 1. [j-epilepsy.org]

Findings: -Rhythmic sp or sh/w then slowing -Slower sp/w act -Attenuation of amp -Rhythmic sl waves -13 to 30 Hz fast activity (hypersyncronous) -Sp/w complexes -Slowing/depression [studystack.com]

EEG slow wave synchronization during sleep seems to gate interictal epileptiform EEG phenomena. [semmelweis.hu]

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Temporal Lobe Tumor

] Impaired non-verbal memory Impaired musical skills Bitemporal lesions (additional features) [ edit ] Deafness Apathy (affective indifference) Impaired learning and memory [en.wikipedia.org]

This rhythmic activity contrasts with the usual arrhythmic slowing seen focally with brain tumor and may conceivably be related to the rhythmic slowing associated with seizure [karger.com]

Therapeutic touch practitioners say they can relieve pain and other symptoms by moving their hands in slow, rhythmic motions several inches above the patient's body. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

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Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Accelerated long term forgetting (ALF) is a characteristic cognitive aspect in patients affected by temporal lobe epilepsy that is probably due to an impairment of memory [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

When seizures arise in more mesial (middle) temporal lobe areas, the EEG may only show rhythmic slowing during seizures. [epilepsy.com]

EEG showed focal slow waves and epileptic abnormalities on temporal regions in 1 patient and was normal in the other affected individuals. [diagenode.com]

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Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome

The main characteristics of mental deterioration are reported as apathy, memory disorders, impaired visuomotor speed, and perseverance. [emedicine.medscape.com]

[…] interictal spike wave in the waking electroencephalogram (EEG) ( 3 Hz) and fast rhythmic bursts (10 Hz) during sleep; slow mental development associated with personality [orpha.net]

EEG slow generalised spike wave Usually Usually 2–3 Hz Prognosis Commonly bad Commonly relatively good User reviews No readers have reviewed this article yet [icnapedia.org]

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Epilepsy with Continuous Spike-and-Slow-Waves during Sleep

Working memory is usually impaired, whereas long-term memory remains intact ( 8 ). [tidsskriftet.no]

The discharge is often slightly faster than 3 Hz at onset, and tends to slow down towards the end. [jnnp.bmj.com]

EEG continuous spikes and waves during slow-wave sleep (CSWS), usually 1 to 2 years from seizure onset. Sex Males (62%) show preponderance. [epilepsy.com]

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Hemimegalencephaly

According to its developers, QCard is a life changing app for those living with Brain Injuries, Concussions, Alzheimer’s, Dementia, ADHD, Amnesia or anyone with memory impairments [joscelynsjourney.wordpress.com]

Electroencephalographic abnormalities usually involve the affected hemisphere, with an asymmetric amplitude of the normal, age-related rhythms; slow, rhythmic or fast activity [scielo.br]

However, Initial EEG showed excessive sharp EEG transients more over the right hemisphere, repeated EEG showed spikes, polyspikes, sharps and slow wave discharges predominately [ecommons.aku.edu]

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Atypical Absence Seizure

[…] awareness of interaction with, or memory of, ongoing events external or internal to the person; may comprise the following elements: mental confusion, diminished awareness [translatorscafe.com]

In 1939, Gibbs and associate described the EEG discharges of diffuse slow spike-waves (characteristic of atypical absences), which they differentiated from the faster and [medlink.com]

Neuropsychological testing has shown that patients with CAE have cognitive impairment, especially involving attention, executive function, verbal and visuospatial memory. [statpearls.com]

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Focal Onset Impaired Awareness Seizure

It is not uncommon for this seizure condition to be complicated by memory impairment, loss of humor, obsessiveness, anger, aggression or prolonged amnesia. [livestrong.com]

Intermittent rhythmic slowing may be the only clue as mesial temporal spikes may not be seen well at the surface. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hundreds of medications can alter an EEG, usually by increasing either slowing or beta activity. [currentpsychiatry.com]

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Panayiotopoulos Syndrome

Neuropsychological findings suggest that the patients had notable impairments on visual memory tasks, especially in comparison with verbal memory. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Ictal patterns are unilateral, often having posterior onset, with rhythmic slow (theta or delta) activity intermixed with small spikes. Imaging. Neuroimaging is normal. [medlink.com]

slowing only. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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