Encephalomalacia: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for encephalomalacia

Stroke

In contrast, DWI remains elevated due to persistent high T2/FLAIR signal ( T2 shine through ), unless hemorrhage ( T2 blackout ) or cystic encephalomalacia 10. [radiopaedia.org]

A well-circumscribed region of cerebrospinal fluid–like low density, resulting from encephalomalacia and cystic change, is eventually seen. [emedicine.com]

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

A, Unenhanced CT shows right frontal convexal subarachnoid hemorrhage (arrow) and encephalomalacia at location of prior left occipital IPH. [ajronline.org]

Cerebral Embolism

Keywords: Encephalomalacia, Neonatal stroke, Neonatal resuscitation. [indianpediatrics.net]

Occlusion, retina) 362.30 septic 449 specified site NEC 444.89 vertebral (see also Occlusion, artery, vertebral) 433.2 brain 434.1 cerebral (see also Embolism, brain) 434.1 encephalomalacia [icd9data.com]

Temporal Arteritis

We herein describe a rare case of temporal arteritis associated with hypertrophic pachymeningitis. An 81-year-old man presented with a right temporal headache that had persisted for one month. A right superficial temporal artery biopsy revealed intimal hypertrophy with increased elastic fibers, consistent with[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hyperlipidemia

Hyperlipidemia is commonly observed in patients with type 2 diabetes and is also characteristic of the metabolic syndrome. We discuss the lipoprotein abnormalities in type 2 diabetes and the relation of triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to insulin resistance and[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Plasma exchange is the principal treatment for acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) but is invasive and may have adverse effects. Reports of immunoglobulin therapy for acquired TTP without plasma exchange are rare. A 14-year-old girl was admitted because of hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia.[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Acquired Porencephaly

Porencephaly is a rare congenital disorder that results in cystic degeneration and encephalomalacia and the formation of porencephalic cysts. [radiopaedia.org]

Such brain injuries can include Periventricular Leukomalacia, Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy and Cystic Encephalomalacia. [hixsonbrown.com]

Related Concepts SNOMET-CT Multicystic encephalomalacia (disorder) Ependymal cyst of ventricle of brain (disorder) Spinal arachnoid cyst (disorder) Coding Advice SNOMET-CT [icd.codes]

Decompression Sickness

Decompression sickness (DCS) is manifested in a myriad of symptoms, and can affect any part of the body. It is attributed to the formation of inert gas bubbles in the blood and tissues. Following a diving incident, the pathogenesis of DCS is a result of mechanical obstruction caused by the inert gas bubbles and[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Deficiency of Sulfite Oxidase

This precedes severe cystic encephalomalacia and suggests that the energy failure associated with neuronal dysfunction and myelin disintegration occurs early in isolated sulfite [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cerebral atrophy and cystic encephalomalacia were observed with neuroradiologic imaging and were noted in all 3 postmortem reports of isolated sulfite oxidase deficiency. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Conclusion ISOD should be considered in all neonates and infants with early formation of multicystic encephalomalacia but no obvious insults. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]

Familial Porencephaly

Porencephaly is a rare congenital disorder that results in cystic degeneration and encephalomalacia and the formation of porencephalic cysts. [radiopaedia.org]

Section: Disseminated encephalomalacia with cavity formation. 3rd ed. [link.springer.com]

[…] assessing the ventricular outline will often demonstrate a slight cleft whereas periventricular grey matter will usually bulge into the ventricle porencephaly a zone of encephalomalacia [radiopaedia.org]

Vein of Galen Aneurysm

During the neonatal period, investigations for encephalomalacia (antenatal MRI, trans-fontanel ultrasonography, CT scans) are essential. [orpha.net]

At necropsy, we observed marked myointimal proliferation of the aneurysm wall, dura, and cerebral vessels in addition to severe widespread encephalomalacia, calcinosis, and [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cardiac failure has been diagnosed prenatally in a few patients and is usually associated with major neonatal cerebral ischemia and encephalomalacia. [neupsykey.com]

Essential Hypertension

The question frequently arises whether the neurological symptoms are caused by cerebral hemorrhages as a result of rupture of diseased vessels, encephalomalacias from thrombosis [annals.org]

Insect Bite

Erasmus C, Blackwood W, Wilson J: Infantile multicystic encephalomalacia after maternal bee sting anaphylaxis during pregnancy. Arch Dis Child 1982; 57: 785–7. [doi.org]

Aprosencephaly and Cerebellar Dysgenesis

Equine Nigropallidal Encephalomalacia Equine Nigropallidal Encephalomalacia Focal Symmetrical Encephalomalacia Focal Symmetrical Encephalomalacia Focal Symmetrical Encephalomalacia [quizlet.com]

Gray Matter Heterotopia Chapter 34: Pachygyria, Polymicrogyria Chapter 35: Choroid Plexus Cyst Chapter 36: Arachnoid Cyst Chapter 37: Intracranial Hemorrhage Chapter 38: Encephalomalacia [inkling.com]

However, up to 50% of fetuses with ventriculomegaly on ultrasound show additional CNS findings on MRI, such as agenesis corpus callosum, hemorrhage, encephalomalacia, heterotopia [jaocr.org]

Acute Sinusitis

The neurological and oto-rhino-laryngological evolution was good with persistent encephalomalacia of the frontal lobe on CT and MRI up to one year post-operatively. [scitechnol.com]

Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Head injury producing contusion or haemorrhage that results in encephalomalacia or cortical scarring. Hamartomas. Gliomas. [patient.info]

Nail Bed Injury

Porencephaly is a rare congenital disorder that results in cystic degeneration and encephalomalacia and the formation of porencephalic cysts. [radiopaedia.org]

They are thought to occur from focal encephalomalacia due to a localized cerebral insult most frequently during early gestation. [radiopaedia.org]

[…] used variably among radiologists with its broadest definition being a cleft or cystic cavity within the brain 9, and its more narrow definition being a focal cystic area of encephalomalacia [radiopaedia.org]

Cerebral Thrombosis

[…] also Disease, cerebrovascular, acute) 436 thrombotic (see also Thrombosis, brain) 434.0 Clot (blood) brain (extradural or intradural) (see also Thrombosis, brain) 434.0 Encephalomalacia [icd9data.com]

Encephalomalacia from venous infarction is seen bilaterally, predominantly in distribution drained by SSS (box, E). [ajronline.org]

In b, only a small zone of encephalomalacia remains, and the white matter edema has resolved. [pubs.rsna.org]

Cerebellar Stroke

Discussion The encephalomalacia present within the right cerebellar hemisphere was consistent with a posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) territory infarct, given its [neuro.psychiatryonline.org]

[…] with sparing of white matter.9-10-13 CT Typical features of infarction such as early loss of grey-white differentiation, hypoattenuation and edema, progressing to chronic encephalomalacia [radiopaedia.org]

[…] with sparing of white matter. 9-10-13 CT Typical features of infarction such as early loss of grey-white differentiation, hypoattenuation and edema, progressing to chronic encephalomalacia [radiopaedia.org]

Traumatic Brain Injury

Encephalomalacia is one of the most dangerous outcomes of TBI. [youtube.com]

Chronic extra-axial fluid collections, cerebral atrophy, and cystic encephalomalacia are common late sequelae. 29 Sequential cranial imaging studies are recommended. [doi.org]

This TBI Timeline Animation was used to help The Law Offices of Arash Khorsandi, show how 23-year-old's encephalomalacia progressed after he was hit by a vehicle. [youtube.com]

Portal Cirrhosis

Porencephaly is a rare congenital disorder that results in cystic degeneration and encephalomalacia and the formation of porencephalic cysts. [radiopaedia.org]

The imagistic exam conﬁrms the presence of neurological symptomatology suggesting not only an encephalomalacia of the left cerebral hemisphere, but also 2 (two) lesions of [snpcar.ro]

Differential diagnosis Differential diagnoses include arachnoid cyst, schizencephaly, ependymal cyst, encephalomalacia, hydranencephaly, and other COL4A1 or COL4A2 related [orpha.net]

Parenchymatous Cortical Cerebellar Degeneration

Katzman, MD, MBA DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Aging Brain, Normal Encephalomalacia, NOS Progressive Non-Familial Adult Onset Cerebellar Degeneration Chronic Vertebrobasilar [neupsykey.com]

Successfully aging brain”: Thin periventricular high signal rim without white matter hyperintensities May find focal/confluent periventricular white matter hyperintensities Encephalomalacia [neupsykey.com]

Posterior Cerebral Artery Occlusion with Infarction

Sulci adjacent to an old infarcted area, enlarge secondary to parenchymal volume loss (encephalomalacia). [stritch.luc.edu]

Exclusion criteria were no new infarctions, infarctions in both hemispheres, subtentorial infarctions, or encephalomalacia focus; history of stroke, surgery, injury, or coexisting [journals.lww.com]

Old Infarct: Focal area of encephalomalacia Porencephalic dilatation of adjacent ventricle Residual old blood products may persist. [stritch.luc.edu]

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2

Microcephaly, encephalomalacia and intracranial calcifications are characteristic features of congenital herpes simplex and may be detected during the first days of life. [symptoma.com]

The cranial magnetic resonance images (MRIs) and computed tomograms initially show diffuse edema and later cerebral atrophy, calcifications, and cystic encephalomalacia. [jamanetwork.com]

Porphyria

Porencephaly is a rare congenital disorder that results in cystic degeneration and encephalomalacia and the formation of porencephalic cysts. [radiopaedia.org]

They are thought to occur from focal encephalomalacia due to a localized cerebral insult most frequently during early gestation. [radiopaedia.org]

Staphylococcus Aureus

Neurological complications include cerebral infarctions, intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhage, meningitis, cerebritis, and encephalomalacia. 7. [intechopen.com]

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

Microcephaly, encephalomalacia and intracranial calcifications are characteristic features of congenital herpes simplex and may be detected during the first days of life. [symptoma.com]

The cranial magnetic resonance images (MRIs) and computed tomograms initially show diffuse edema and later cerebral atrophy, calcifications, and cystic encephalomalacia. [jamanetwork.com]

Generalized Herpes Simplex Infection of the Newborn

As a sequel, areas of leukomalacia, diffuse multicystic encephalomalacia, and parenchymal punctate or gyral calcifications may be seen 3. [radiopaedia.org]

[…] hypo- and hyperpigmentation, erythematous macular exanthem Ophthalmologic : microopthalmia, retinal dysplasia, optic atrophy, chorioretinitis Neurological : microcephaly, encephalomalacia [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]

[…] cutaneous- scarring,rash,pigmentation,aplasia cutis • (2)opthalmologic-micropthalmia,chororetinitis,optic atrophy • (3)neurologic-microcephaly,neurologic calcifications and encephalomalacia [slideshare.net]

Ovarian Cystadenoma

[…] torsion Live ectopic pregnancy Marginal Placenta Previa Meningocele Molar pregnancy Molar pregnancy (Non-invasive) Monochorionic twin multicystic dysplastic kidney Multicystic encephalomalacia [play.google.com]

Transient Ischemic Attack

[…] transient ischemic (TIA) 435.9 Claudication, intermittent 443.9 cerebral (artery) (see also Ischemia, cerebral, transient) 435.9 Deficit Disease, diseased - see also Syndrome Encephalomalacia [icd9data.com]