Enophthalmos: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for Enophthalmos

Zygomatic Fracture

Enophthalmos ranged from 1 mm to 4 mm with mean of 2.4 mm (SD 0.96). [ijps.org]

There has been no case of chewing problems, cheek numbness or progressive enophthalmos developing postoperatively. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Enophthalmos. [pocketdentistry.com]

Orbital Floor Fracture

Our patient had delayed enophthalmos in a manner similar to silent sinus syndrome or imploding antrum syndrome. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Postoperative diplopia, enophthalmos, eye motility, cosmetic appearance, and complications were documented. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A total of 24 patients (11%) had an exophthalmos and 13 (9%) an enophthalmos. Most patients (69%) complained of infraorbital dysesthesia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Horner's Syndrome

Jump to search Human disease characterized by miosis (a constricted pupil), partial ptosis (a weak, droopy eyelid), apparent anhydrosis (decreased sweating), with apparent enophthalmos [wikidata.org]

Horner's syndrome Human disease characterized by miosis (a constricted pupil), partial ptosis (a weak, droopy eyelid), apparent anhydrosis (decreased sweating), with apparent enophthalmos [wikidata.org]

Pancoast Syndrome

Horner syndrome - Enophthalmos, anhidrosis, ipsilateral miosis and ptosis comprise this neurological syndrome, which is encountered in up to 50% of patients with superior [symptoma.com]

•Horner’s Syndrome: miosis, ptosis, enophthalmos and anhidrosis. •Lower brachial plexus injury (C8-T1): Klumpke’s palsy. [abcradiology.blogspot.com]

[…] toward the axilla and scapula along the ulnar aspect of the muscles of the hand; 2) atrophy of hand and arm muscles; 3) Horner syndrome (ptosis, miosis, hemianhidrosis, enophthalmos [pallipedia.org]

Leber Congenital Amaurosis

[…] life, whereas refractive errors (hypermetropia, myopia), as well as photophobia, constant eye poking, pressing, or rubbing (known as Franceschetti signs) and consequent enophthalmos [symptoma.com]

The same process likely is responsible for giving the eyes a deep-set appearance known as enophthalmos. [disorders.eyes.arizona.edu]

Repeated pressure on the eye may also be responsible for the relative enophthalmos often seen in these patients. The ERG is reduced or absent early and permanently. [disorders.eyes.arizona.edu]

Maxillary Fracture

Two patients had persistent enophthalmos, and 4 had persistent infraorbital nerve paresthesia. [jamanetwork.com]

Step-off deformity of inferior orbital rim LeFort III Entire face moves as a whole when grasped above upper teeth "Dish" face Enophthalmos, diplopia Medial canthal deformity [fprmed.com]

Orbital floor fracture is suggested by infraorbital nerve anesthesia, enophthalmos, or diplopia. [msdmanuals.com]

Orbital Metastasis

During the presurgery peribulbar injection, a hard palpable mass located under the inferior left eyelid was noted, together with mild enophthalmos. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Case presentation A 9-month-old girl was diagnosed with isolated right-sided enophthalmos. [bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com]

Bilateral symmetric enophthalmos is again evident. [pubs.rsna.org]

Entropion

[…] of the globe; the effect of relative enophthalmos is best appreciated by having the patient lie in the supine position, which typically elicits the transient entropion as [nmceyecare.ae]

None had enophthalmos, lower eyelid ectropion, or brow ptosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] entropion is an inward rotation of the eyelid margin because of increased horizontal lid laxity, an overriding preseptal orbicularis, atrophied lid retractors, and involutional enophthalmos [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Congenital Upper Palpebral Retraction

Late posttraumatic enophthalmos: a correctable deformity? Plast Reconstr Surg 1982;69:423–432. Hazani R, Yaremchuk MJ. Correction of posttraumatic enophthalmos. [jkma.org]

Congenital Entropion Upper eyelid entropion occurs secondary to the mechanical effects of microphthalmos and enophthalmos [Figure 3]. [kjophthal.com]

[…] entity could possibly fall into the category of congenital orbital fibrosis as described by Leone and Weinstein, although two of their four cases had ptosis and all had enophthalmos [healio.com]

Orbital Emphysema

[…] resection of periosteum and repair of hole using either bone graft, plate or synthetic material such as Teflon Long-standing entrapment can lead to vision impairment and enophthalmos [learningradiology.com]

Enophthalmos can be measured with exophthalmometer. In the early stage, enophthalmos may be masked due to soft tissue swelling. [eyewiki.aao.org]

No proptosis, enophthalmos, or subconjunctival hemorrhage was present. His pupils were equal, round, and reactive to light, and his vision was 20/20 bilaterally. [consultant360.com]

Orbital Neoplasm

In women with bilateral enophthalmos, metastatic scirrhous breast cancer should be considered in the differential diagnosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Scirrhous breast cancer will cause enophthalmos due to desmoplastic fibrosis. 3 A known primary malignancy and other sites of metastatic disease should raise suspicion for [jaocr.org]

Cline RA, Rootman J: Enophthalmos: a clinical review. Ophthalmology 1984;91:229. Mafee MF, Goodwin J, Dorodi S: Optic nerve sheath meningiomas. Role of MR imaging. [karger.com]

Facial Hemiatrophy

She presented with mild enophthalmos associated with eyelid atrophy and loss of cilia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

She had undergone facial surgery for Parry-Romberg syndrome, after which right enophthalmos and hypo-orbit persisted. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Ocular involvement is common and the most frequent manifestation is enophthalmos [ 19 ]. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Orbital Varix

We report a case of pulsating enophthalmos secondary to orbital varix associated with orbital bony defects. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Type: Journal article Title: Pulsating enophthalmos in association with an orbital varix Author: Selva-Nayagam, D. [digital.library.adelaide.edu.au]

The left eye showed a distinct enophthalmos with slight widening of the palpebral aperture as compared with the right eye. [ijo.in]

Congenital Exophthalmos

Enophthalmos (This is the backward displacement of the globe into the orbit. [mrcophth.com]

An asymmetry of greater than 2 mm between an individual patient’s eyes suggests proptosis or enophthalmos. [aao.org]

Enophthalmos has the opposite effect, causing the eye to sink into the skull. [pets.thenest.com]

Pulsating Exophthalmos

H05.40 Unspecified enophthalmos H05.401 Unspecified enophthalmos, right eye H05.402 Unspecified enophthalmos, left eye H05.403 Unspecified enophthalmos, bilateral H05.409 [healthprovidersdata.com]

right eye H05.402 Unspecified enophthalmos, left eye H05.403 Unspecified enophthalmos, bilateral H05.409 Unspecified enophthalmos, unspecified eye H05.411 Enophthalmos due [app.drchrono.com]

Unspecified enophthalmos, unspecified eye H05.41 Enophthalmos due to atrophy of orbital tissue H05.411 Enophthalmos due to atrophy of orbital tissue, right eye H05.412 Enophthalmos [healthprovidersdata.com]

Familial Congenital Palsy of Trochlear Nerve

Facial asymmetry (i.e. hemifacial retrusion, upward slanting of mouth on the side of the head tilt, mild enophthalmos of paretic eye) and superior oblique tendon abnormalities [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

[…] ipsilateral IlIrd, Vth, Vlth nerve involvement; proptosis; disc edema; orbital pain Orbit Tumor; trauma; inflammation Ipsilateral IIIrd, VIth nerve involvement; proptosis; enophthalmos [guwsmedical.info]

Orbital Disease

The median degree of enophthalmos in the contracted orbit compared with the fellow eye was 2.8 mm (range 1.5-3.5 mm) by Hertel exophthalmometry. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Enophthalmos Idiopathic orbital inflammatory syndrome IgG4-related disease Orbit Orbital fracture Thyroid eye disease Traumatic optic neuropathy Cite this Apa Standard Harvard [jhu.pure.elsevier.com]

KEYWORDS: Enophthalmos; Idiopathic orbital inflammatory syndrome; IgG4-related disease; Orbit; Orbital fracture; Thyroid eye disease; Traumatic optic neuropathy [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Blepharoptosis

This disorder is exhibited in infancy as unilateral blepharoptosis, strabismus, limited ductions, globe displacement (enophthalmos and blepharoptosis), and decreased vision [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Dysthyroid ophthalmopathy, enophthalmos, or exophthalmos can accentuate a minimal blepharoptosis or produce the appearance of blepharoptosis on the contralateral normal side [clinicaltrials.gov]

Patient needs to be examined for proptosis or enophthalmos, lagophthalmos, and presence of Bell phenomenon. [eyewiki.aao.org]

Secondary Entropion

It is also seen secondary to enophthalmos. [en.wikipedia.org]

Secondary entropion may be caused by painful corneal conditions that result in enophthalmos or abnormal skin folds, eg older Cocker Spaniel English Cocker Spaniel, Chow Chow [vetstream.com]

Age-related enophthalmos has also been proposed as an etiologic factor although this association has been debated in the literature (3). [webeye.ophth.uiowa.edu]

Congenital Entropion

[…] causes of congenital epiblepharon or entropion include improper development of the lower eyelid retractors with possible dehiscence near the tarsal plate, microphthalmos, and enophthalmos [neweyelids.com]

[…] which might possibly lead to entropion : Horizontal lid laxity disinsertion or attenuation of retractors preseptal orbicularis overiding the pretarsal orbicularis muscle enophthalmos [eyefacialplasticsurgery.com]

[…] of the lower eyelid retractors (analogue of mueller's muscle) or of capsulopapebral fascia (analogue of levator ) horizontal eyelid laxity preseptal orbicularis override enophthalmos [eyefacialplasticsurgery.com]

Congenital Fibrosis of Extraocular Muscles

Orbit. 2009; 28(1): 43-49 [Pubmed] 4 Unilateral Orbital Fibrosis With Blepharoptosis and Enophthalmos. [ijo.in]

Congenital Unilateral Fibrosis with Enophthalmos and Ptosis Four patients were reported with nonfamilial, unilateral, congenital fibrosis of the ocular muscles, enophthalmos [healio.com]

Orbital fibrosis wlth enophthalmos. Ophthalmic Surg. 3, 71–75 (1972). 32 Kunkel, L.M. et al. [nature.com]

Phthisis Bulbi

Complications encountered were implant exposure in one patient, fornix shortening and symblepharon in one patient, and enophthalmos in another. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Karina Pelech Spanish to English translations [Non-PRO] Medical Spanish term or phrase: "ptisis bulbi" ophthalmology phthisis bulbi Explanation: Causes: Causes of secondary enophthalmos [proz.com]

In this case, enophthalmos is unlikely, but ocular motility is limited dramatically. [clinicalgate.com]

Prolapse

Enophthalmos or proptosis is present with globe displacement. [patient.info]

[…] and sensitive to touch Upward displacement of eye, giving false impression that ipsilateral upper lid is lower, BUT...patient will usually have diplopia or proptosis or enophthalmos [kellogg.umich.edu]

A history of trauma - a fractured orbit can result in pseudoptosis with enophthalmos. A third nerve palsy may also result in ptosis. [patient.info]

Atelectasis

Enophthalmos was present in nine (41%) patients, and diplopia was present in three (14%) patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Diplopia disappeared in two patients who presented with it and enophthalmos improved in all five patients presenting with it. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] rare clinical entities characterized by an implosion of the maxillary sinus that may or may not be associated with sinonasal symptoms, and are complicated by ipsilateral enophthalmos [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Maxillary Sinusitis

We report a 24-year-old female who developed spontaneous enophthalmos without demineralization of the orbital floor. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] findings are in contrast to cases of silent sinus syndrome, in which maxillary sinus disease induces thinning and inferior displacement of the orbital floor with secondary enophthalmos [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Orbital volume increases with resultant enophthalmos and variable flattening of the malar eminence 1. [radiopaedia.org]

Duane Retraction Syndrome

The goals of surgical treatment is: improved head posture, elimination of vertical deviation, reduced of enophthalmos and normal ocular alignment. [biomedsearch.com]

We studied 21 consecutive patients with this disorder and found that the incidence of severe retraction on adduction, the occurrence of enophthalmos in the primary position [nature.com]

There is retraction of the eyeball (enophthalmos) with narrowing of the palpebral fissure on adduction. [aimu.us]

Contusion of Eye and Adnexa

oculocardiac reflex, pupil abnormalities Medial wall fracture (orbit) Horizontal diplopia, orbital emphysema, orbital hemorrhage, enophthalmos Roof fracture (orbit) Restricted [webeye.ophth.uiowa.edu]

368.9 Other and unspecified visual disturbances 369.00-369.08 Profound impairment, both eyes 369.9 Unspecified visual loss 376.40-376.47 Deformity of orbit 376.50-376.52 Enophthalmos [oxhp.com]

Proptosis (protruding eye) may suggest an orbital compartment syndrome, while enophthalmos (sunken eye) could indicate a globe rupture or an orbital fracture. [ahcmedia.com]

Retinal Degeneration-Nanophthalmos-Glaucoma Syndrome

Maculopathy Cataract: Age-Related Choroidal Folds Choroidal Tumors Conjunctival Lesions Conjunctival Tumors Corneal Edema Cotton Wool Spots Crystalline Retinopathy Dry Eye Enophthalmos [catalyst.library.jhu.edu]

Nucci P, de Conciliis C, Sacchi M, Serafino M (2011) Hallermann-Streiff syndrome with severe bilateral enophthalmos and radiological evidence of silent brain syndrome: a new [omicsonline.org]

Patients with nanophthalmos usually feature a small eye, deeply-set in the orbit (enophthalmos) and covered by narrow palpebral fissures; bilateral mild ptosis may be present [eyewiki.aao.org]

Exophthalmos

On measurement with exophthalmometer, there was enophthalmos of the left eyeball for 3 mm. [Figure - 1]. [ijo.in]

Enophthalmos is the opposite, referring to displacement of the globe posteriorly. [radiopaedia.org]

Mucocele of the Paranasal Sinus

The symptoms can be facial deformity, abnormal protrusion of the eyeball (proptosis) or abnormal retraction of the eyeball into the socket (enophthalmos), loss of vision or [jalanetipot.com]

Although the classic description of SSS includes enophthalmos, cases with lateralized uncinate processes and increased orbital volumes on CT scans, but without clinical enophthalmos [appliedradiology.com]

This is called the silent sinus syndrome, which consists of painless facial asymmetry and enophthalmos caused by chronic maxillary sinus atelectasis. [radiologyassistant.nl]