Epileptiform Activity: Causes & Reasons

Possible Causes for Epileptiform Activity

However, little is currently known about the modulation of these networks by epileptiform activity, such as interictal spikes and seizures. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Neurophysiologic findings in NTLE are typically a predominance of lateral temporal interictal epileptiform activity (IEA) and an ictal onset pattern consisting of irregular [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

It also reduced the frequency of miniature EPSCs (mEPSCs) in granule cells from epileptic, but not control, rats and depressed granule cell epileptiform activity dependent [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Epilepsy

It remains unclear whether seizures and epileptiform activity on the EEG are causative or comorbid. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Through an accurate Video-EEG polygraphic analysis, we demonstrated that seizures are related to an abnormal increase of epileptiform activity after eye-closure or loss of [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Her EEG at 2 years was reported as showing frequent left central epileptiform activity. [brain.oxfordjournals.org]

MERRF Syndrome

Generalized epileptiform discharges in 84.2% of patients, while focal discharges were present in ten patients. One of the patient had multifocal epileptiform activity. [bioline.org.br]

The EEG of patients with MERRF usually exhibits variation in the degree of slowing of background activity and generalized epileptiform activity, which may worsen with intermittent [doi.org]

It reveals a high lactic acid peak.[2] Electrophysiological testing Electroencephalogram (EEG) may reveal a slow background activity with generalized epileptiform discharges [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Seizure

Electroencephalogram (EEG) was negative for epileptiform activity. A diagnosis of seizure in the setting of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) was deemed probable. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Temporal epileptiform and nonepileptiform activities, mostly unilateral, were found in both groups. [dx.doi.org]

DISCUSSION Our data show that temporal interictal epileptiform and nonepileptiform activity occur equally in all age ranges. [dx.doi.org]

Hyponatremia

What is hyponatraemia? Serum sodium concentration is maintained by a homeostatic mechanism that involves thirst, antidiuretic hormone (ADH, also called vasopressin) secretion, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone feedback system and the renal handling of sodium. Hyponatraemia represents a relative excess of water in[…] [patient.info]

Traumatic Brain Injury

Objective: To explore the relationship between three QEEG global indexes and their association with functional outcome after neurorehabilitation in non-acute acquired brain injury (ABI) patients (traumatic brain injury and stroke). Methods: Twenty-one adult ABI patients in post-acute phase were studied. Delta-alpha[…] [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Acquired Epileptic Aphasia

epileptiform activity on the patient are unclear. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Specific cutoff thresholds or measurement methods for epileptiform activity frequency have yet to be defined. [jcsm.aasm.org]

activity (> 85%) during NREM sleep. [functionalneurology.com]

Hyperglycemia

Lasers Med Sci. 2018 Sep;33(7):1521-1526. doi: 10.1007/s10103-018-2511-z. Epub 2018 May 3. Author information 1 Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Skłodowskiej-Curie Street No 9, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland. krzyg@cm.umk.pl. 2[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Focal Epilepsy - Speech Disorder - Mental Retardation

Specific cutoff thresholds or measurement methods for epileptiform activity frequency have yet to be defined. [jcsm.aasm.org]

epileptiform activity on the patient are unclear. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Overall, our study confirms previous findings about the preferential occurrence of epileptiform activity during CAP. [semmelweis.hu]

Kohlschütter-Tönz Syndrome

activity that was abnormal, focal discharges over the temporal lobe, and multifocial epileptiform activity.[10] Several patients showed a loss of normal background activity [en.wikipedia.org]

[…] including cerebellar in four individuals and basal ganglia has been evident through MRIs.[2][7] Electroencephalography[edit] Electroencephalography (EEG) in one patient showed epileptiformic [en.wikipedia.org]

activities in the frontal and frontotemporal areas as well as increased spike waves while the patient was sleeping.[5] Another patient's EEG showed occipital rhythms in background [en.wikipedia.org]

Postictal State

Studies of chronic partial epilepsy show that interictal epileptiform activity is more frequent after seizures (postictal activation). 2 Sundaram et al. 3 reported an increased [nejm.org]

The most consistent risk factors for PP are evidence of bilateral or widespread CNS injury, including encephalitis, head injury, bilateral interictal epileptiform activity [dx.doi.org]

Although not common, forced normalization, with suppression of interictal epileptiform activity during PP, was associated with prolonged PP (≥12 weeks) in two patients ( 27 [dx.doi.org]

Epilepsia Partialis Continua

In our exceptional case one-sided extremity twitches related to epileptiform activity in the ipsilateral frontal lobe. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The independent spikes in her frontal and parietal regions suggested the presence of a large epileptogenic zone generating independent epileptiform activities in the pre-central [europeanreview.org]

It is prudent to identify electrophysiological evidence of focal epileptiform activity when making the diagnosis. [cureus.com]

Rolandic Epilepsy

Abstract Benign rolandic epilepsy (BRE) and Landau-Kleffner syndrome (LKS) are similar epilepsy syndromes with sleep-accentuated epileptiform activity, sporadic seizures, [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

CONCLUSION: In RE, structural connectivity is reduced for several connections involving the rolandic regions, from which the epileptiform activity originates. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

“Our observations support the hypothesis that the inhibitory effects of epileptiform activity on the default mode of brain function affect cognition in epilepsy patients.” [medwirenews.com]

Febrile Infection-Related Epilepsy Syndrome

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), as described by Mirás-Veiga et al. (37) in one patient, also showed a decreased epileptiform activity. [revistas.unal.edu.co]

Electroencephalogram that reflects temporary, bilateral and independent epileptiform activity in the interictal sleep records. November 2015. Source: Patient’s studies. [revistas.unal.edu.co]

Post-Cardiac Arrest Syndrome

Differential association of subtypes of epileptiform activity with outcome after cardiac arrest. [scielo.org.co]

Cerebral Calcification - Cerebellar Hypoplasia

Typical EEG abnormalities are background slowing and multifocal epileptiform activity. [frontiersin.org]

Joubert Syndrome Type 5

EEG studies persistently showed epileptiform activity with a right centrotemporal focus. [nature.com]

Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy Type 4

epileptiform activity on the patient are unclear. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Early-onset epileptic encephalopathies are characterized by severe seizures (often infantile spasms), very frequent interictal epileptiform activity on a disorganized EEG [n.neurology.org]

Diagnosis The interictal EEG reveals multifocal epileptiform activity and slowing. Diffuse slowing of the background activity. Few patients may have a normal EEG. [intechopen.com]

Limbic Encephalitis

Electroencephalography showed focal or generalized slowing and/or epileptiform activity, maximal in the temporal regions, in all 22 patients tested. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

During the prodrome of FBDS alone, patients had normal sodium and brain MRIs, but electroencephalography demonstrated ictal epileptiform activity in 7 patients (24%). [ndcn.ox.ac.uk]

Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy Type 19

epileptiform activity on the patient are unclear. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Early-onset epileptic encephalopathies are characterized by severe seizures (often infantile spasms), very frequent interictal epileptiform activity on a disorganized EEG [n.neurology.org]

Diagnosis The interictal EEG reveals multifocal epileptiform activity and slowing. Diffuse slowing of the background activity. Few patients may have a normal EEG. [intechopen.com]

Photosensitive Epilepsy

Left bottom: noise patterns do not elicit large gamma oscillations and are also unlikely to trigger epileptiform activity. Credit: Hermes et al. [popularmechanics.co.za]

See Hamandi (doi:10.1093/awx049) for a scientific commentary on this article.Photosensitivity is a condition in which lights induce epileptiform activities. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Right top: the same patterns that elicit gamma oscillations are also the most likely to evoke epileptiform activity and seizures in patients with photosensitive epilepsy. [popularmechanics.co.za]

15q11-q13 Duplication Syndrome

Typical epileptiform activity was not registered. [adc.bmj.com]

HaNDL Syndrome

Electroencephalogram showed moderate slow rhythm in the left hemisphere, with frontotemporal predominance, and without epileptiform activity. [oatext.com]

Electroencephalogram showed moderate slow rhythm in the left hemisphere, with temporoparietal predominance, and without epileptiform activity. [elitmed.hu]

[…] rhythmic delta activity and triphasic waves on their EEG. [biomedgrid.com]

Muscular Dystrophy-Dystroglycanopathy Type A12

The electroencephalogram is abnormal in this disorder and shows epileptiform activity. [tellmegen.com]

Todd Paralysis

(Brain neoplasm) Introduction Definition generation of epileptiform activity in a focal brain region that does not cause any alteration in conciousness Etiology structural [medbullets.com]

The cerebral cortex is the only area from which epileptiform activity arises with any frequency. [dartmouth.edu]

An electroencephalogram (EEG) revealed left hemispheric slowing but no epileptiform activity. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Muscular Dystrophy-Dystroglycanopathy Type A6

The electroencephalogram is abnormal in this disorder and shows epileptiform activity. [tellmegen.com]

Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy Type 15

[…] on EEG at the onset of epilepsy (6/6), with presence of focal or multifocal interictal epileptiform and slow abnormalities (4/6); c) unremarkable brain imaging (6/6); d) [research.unipd.it]

[…] subsequent progressively deterioration of the EEG background activity (6/6) and appearance - usually within the first two years of life - of an unusual electrical pattern [research.unipd.it]

[…] associated in the same event, such as spasms (4/6), myoclonias (4/6), focal seizures (3/6), and apparently generalized tonic or tonic-clonic seizures (2/6); b) normal background activity [research.unipd.it]

Rolandic Epilepsy - Speech Dyspraxia Syndrome

Bilateral epileptiform activity was found in sleep EEGs in 5 of 6 LKS children and in all 11 children with CSWSS. [pediatricneurologybriefs.com]

These findings might link epileptiform activity originating from the sensorimotor cortex to language impairment16. [br.123dok.com]

Excessive epileptiform activity in the rolandic region, which overlays some of the cortical speech centers, results in epileptic aphasia. [epilepsygenetics.net]

Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy Type 5

[…] on EEG at the onset of epilepsy (6/6), with presence of focal or multifocal interictal epileptiform and slow abnormalities (4/6); c) unremarkable brain imaging (6/6); d) [research.unipd.it]

[…] subsequent progressively deterioration of the EEG background activity (6/6) and appearance - usually within the first two years of life - of an unusual electrical pattern [research.unipd.it]

Joubert Syndrome Type 1

EEG studies persistently showed epileptiform activity with a right centrotemporal focus. [nature.com]