'Eye of the Tiger' Sign on MRI & Jerk-Locked Premyoclonus Spikes & Paroxysmal Activity - Spikes Bilateral: Causes & Reasons

Neu Starten

Ad Html Headline Ad Text Headline

Ad Label Ad Html Description Ad Text Description

Determine your risk of now. Restart test

Caution! In case of an emergency:

Seek emergency care

Caution! In case of an emergency: Seek emergency care

Hi, I'm Symptoma.

For full functionality of this site it is necessary to enable JavaScript.

How to enable JavaScript?

Patient File

Sex unknown, Age unknown

Reported Symptoms

'Eye of the Tiger' Sign on MRI, Jerk-Locked Premyoclonus Spikes, Paroxysmal Activity - Spikes Bilateral,

Negated

None

Unsure

None

Possible Causes

Benign Adult Familial Myoclonic Epilepsy

T2 weighted brain MRI shows an ”eye of the tiger” sign corresponding to pallidal hypointensity with a high signal center. [neuroweb.us]

[…] and wave complexes Jerk-locked premyoclonus spikes Enhancement of the C-reflex Hypoplasia of the corpus callosum EEG abnormality Eyelid myoclonus Cortical myoclonus Status [mendelian.co]

Paroxysmally, rhythmic θ-activity at 4 to 5 Hz appears in the centroparietal areas, as do fast bilateral spike-waves, which may be associated later with variable focal or [neupsykey.com]

Show info

Generalized Clonic or Tonic-Clonic Seizures

premyoclonus spikes Hand tremor Neuronal loss in central nervous system Cutaneous photosensitivity Hyperreflexia Heterogeneous Weight loss Dystonia Splenomegaly Thrombocytopenia [mendelian.co]

[…] callosum Muscular hypotonia Infantile onset Intellectual disability, moderate Intention tremor Progressive neurologic deterioration Absence seizures Nevus EEG abnormality Jerk-locked [mendelian.co]

Show info

Familial Infantile Myoclonic Epilepsy

premyoclonus spikes Irritability Vegetative state Intellectual disability, mild Myoclonic atonic seizures EEG with abnormally slow frequencies EEG with spike-wave complexes [mendelian.co]

The EEG examination showed diffuse abnormal background activity, with sporadic isolated bilateral sharp waves over the occipital regions (a). [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

[…] with photoparoxysmal response Headache Autism Progressive visual loss Retinal dystrophy Visual loss Optic atrophy Visual impairment Giant somatosensory evoked potentials Jerk-locked [mendelian.co]

Show info

Hallervorden-Spatz Syndrome

Iron deposition in conjunction with destruction of the globus pallidus gives rise to the characteristic eye-of-the-tiger sign in MRI. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] of the tiger" sign. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

It has been postulated that pantothenate kinase 2 mutations underlying all cases of classic Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome are always associated with the eye-of-the-tiger sign [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Show info

Epilepsy

The purpose of this article is to highlight the hallmarks of epilepsy as a disease and symptom during antiquity and especially during Ancient Greece and Rome. A thorough study of texts, medical books, and reports along with a review of the available literature in PubMed was undertaken. Observations on epilepsy date[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Show info

Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

We present a case of a boy with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) who presented with features of non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE). This case highlights the fact that NCSE, even though not a common occurrence in JME, should be kept in mind when a patient with previous history of seizures presents with[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Show info

West Syndrome

We report a 4-month-old female infant who developed West syndrome eleven days after administration of a histamine H1 antagonist, oxatomide, for atopic dermatitis. It has been reported that some histamine H1 antagonists induce seizures in epileptic patients. The age, the interval between oxatomide administration, and[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Show info

Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy

OBJECTIVES: Idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) arises from paroxysmal dysfunctions of the thalamo-cortical network. One of the hallmarks of IGE is the absence of visible abnormalities on routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, recent quantitative MRI studies showed cortical-subcortical structural[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Show info

Encephalopathy

[…] drugs increase epileptiform activity in known epileptic patients, clozapine increase bilateral spike waves discharges and risperidone has no effect on EEG * Antidepressents [slideshare.net]

• Effect depend on dose, and duration of exposure * Narcoleptics—slowing of alpha, increase in theta and delta activity and paroxysmal bursts of sharp and slow waves, these [slideshare.net]

Show info

Myoclonic-Astatic Epilepsy

Leitthema First Online: 20 March 2014 Zusammenfassung Die myoklonisch-astatische Epilepsie (MAE, Doose-Syndrom, Epilepsie mit myoklonisch-atonischen Anfällen) ist ein seltenes, elektroklinisches Syndrom des frühen Kindesalters, das bei zuvor gesunden, normal entwickelten Kindern auftritt. Jungen sind häufiger betroffen[…] [doi.org]

Show info

Juvenile Absence Epilepsy

[…] complexes, fast activity, or other paroxysmal activity; abnormalities bilateral but often irregular and asymmetrical Nonabrupt onset or cessation abrupt *May be seen alone [reference.medscape.com]

Autonomic components Atypical absence Changes in tone more pronounced than those of typical absence seizure EEG more heterogeneous than in typical absence; may include irregular spike-and-slow-wave [reference.medscape.com]

Show info

Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy Type 7

[…] and wave complexes Loss of consciousness Jerk-locked premyoclonus spikes Enhancement of the C-reflex Giant somatosensory evoked potentials Behavioral abnormality Dysarthria [mendelian.co]

[…] and wave complexes Jerk-locked premyoclonus spikes Enhancement of the C-reflex Hyperreflexia Cerebral atrophy Abnormal autonomic nervous system physiology Rigidity Abnormal [mendelian.co]

[…] disability, moderate Cognitive impairment Dementia Mental deterioration Rare Symptoms - Less than 30% cases EEG with photoparoxysmal response EEG with irregular generalized spike [mendelian.co]

Show info

Organic Brain Syndrome

Rogers MP, et al. Psychosom Med. 1986 Jul-Aug. Abstract Systemic mastocytosis is a disease characterized by an excessive accumulation of mast cells, and associated with skin lesions, flushing, diarrhea, tachycardia, and psychiatric manifestations. In order to define more clearly the psychiatric manifestations, ten[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Show info

Uremic Encephalopathy

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Uremic encephalopathy is a metabolic disorder in patients with renal failure. The purpose of this study was to describe the MR imaging findings of uremic encephalopathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study retrospectively reviewed MR imaging findings in 10 patients with clinically proved uremic[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Show info

Insulin Overdose

We report a very rare case of acute pulmonary edema caused by hypoglycemia from insulin overdose during an attempted suicide. A 16-year-old woman with type 1 diabetes was brought to our hospital because of hypoglycemic coma. She exhibited severe hypoxia; upon intubation, bloody froth poured out of the tube.[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Show info

Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome

The parozysms were composed of a series of spikes and slow spike and wave. They appeared diffuse and bilaterally synchronous. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

And so, were classafied these paroxysms into four types. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A through D, from the differences of basic activity before appearance of the paroxysms, amplitude, frequency and fluctuation of amplitude and frequency. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Show info

Toxic Encephalopathy

Neurotoxicity following paradichlorobenzene (PDCB) exposure is rare and can occur in patients with pica and mothball or toilet cake ingestion. We present a rare case of toxic encephalopathy due to PDCB mothball inhalation and ingestion and describe the rapidly progressive leukoencephalopathy seen on computed[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Show info

Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation

Individuals with PKAN and HARP syndrome, which is considered part of the PKAN disease spectrum, show a characteristic "eye of the tiger''sign on MRI, a central region of hyperintensity [orpha.net]

sign in cranial MRI, this case most likely represented an idiopathic form of NBIA but atypical PKAN may be also considered. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

For all of the disorders in this category, T 2 -weighted brain MRI would distinguish PKAN based on the presence of the "eye of the tiger" sign. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Show info

Early Infantile Epileptic Encephalopathy Type 3

Epileptic encephalopathy with suppression-burst in electroencephalography (EEG) can evolve into a few types of epileptic syndromes. We present here an unusual case of early myoclonic encephalopathy that evolved into migrating partial seizures in infancy. A female neonate initially had erratic myoclonus movements,[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Show info

Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury

Brain Dev. 2015 Feb;37(2):265-9. doi: 10.1016/j.braindev.2014.04.002. Epub 2014 Apr 29. Author information 1 Department of Pediatrics, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Aichi, Japan. Electronic address: pisces-koya@yacht.ocn.ne.jp. 2 Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Show info

Mitochondrial Membrane Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration

None of our pa-tients exhibited the eye of the tiger sign on T2-weighted MRI. [docslide.net]

MRI showed iron deposition in the globus pallidus and substantia nigra without the eye-of-the-tiger sign, which is typical for PKAN, the most frequent form of NBIA. [push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de]

MRI showed iron deposition in the globus pallidus and substantia nigra without the eye‐of‐the‐tiger sign, which is typical for PKAN, the most frequent form of NBIA. 2012 Movement [ingentaconnect.com]

Show info

Atypical Absence Seizure

[…] complexes fast or other paroxysmal activity; these are bilateral but often irregular and asymmetrical. [medlink.com]

(B) The interictal EEG usually has abnormal background and paroxysmal activity (such as spikes or spike-and-slow-wave complexes) that is frequently irregular and asymmetrical [medlink.com]

Show info

McLeod Neuroacanthocytosis Syndrome

[…] of the tiger" sign on MRI characteristic Pigmentary retinopathy PRNP HDL1 (OMIM 603218 ) AD Phenotype may be indistinguishable from HD. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pantothenate kinase 2 mutation with classic pantothenate-kinase-associated neurodegeneration without ‘eye-of-the-tiger’ sign on MRI in a pair of siblings. [e-jmd.org]

[…] prominent speech defects, psychiatric disturbance, & more gradual disease progression In 8%: acanthocytosis Usually childhood or adolescent onset Basal ganglia iron deposition "Eye [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Show info

X-linked Parkinsonism-Spasticity Syndrome

T2-weighted fast spin echo (G) and T1-weighted (H) brain MRI scans from a child with PKAN demonstrating the "eye of the tiger" sign (courtesy of Susan J. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]

T2 weighted brain MRI shows an ”eye of the tiger” sign corresponding to pallidal hypointensity with a high signal center. [neuroweb.us]

There are typical MRI findings, with a central hyperintensity with surrounding low signal on T2 images in the globus pallidus, giving the so-called eye-of-the-tiger sign [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Show info

Pallidopyramidal Syndrome

Sometimes the report from a radiologist can state NBIA with classic features like “eye of a tiger sign” that can ease the diagnostic burden. [annalsofian.org]

Eye of the tiger sign is not pathognomonic of pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration in adult cases. Brain Behav 2011;1:55-66. 58. [annalsofian.org]

[…] and an abnormal MRI brain showing iron deposition [Flowchart 1] and [Flowchart 2]. [annalsofian.org]

Show info

Status Epilepticus

Tonic seizures show diffuse or generalized accelerating low amplitude paroxysmal fast activity, which is often bilateral and predominates in the anterior and vertex regions [medlink.com]

Consistent focality of spikes or maximal amplitude of ictal rhythm, then consider focal seizure. [medlink.com]

Show info

Absence Seizure

[…] complexes, fast activity, or other paroxysmal activity; abnormalities bilateral but often irregular and asymmetrical Nonabrupt onset or cessation abrupt *May be seen alone [emedicine.com]

Show info

Benign Familial Infantile Epilepsy Type 4

The EEG examination showed diffuse abnormal background activity, with sporadic isolated bilateral sharp waves over the occipital regions (a). [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

In this patient, IPS induced moderate‐voltage irregular spike‐and‐slow wave complexes and paroxysmal bursts of high‐voltage polyspikes more evident over the occipital region [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

Intermittent photic stimulation induced the appearance of moderate‐voltage irregular spike‐and‐slow wave complexes and paroxysmal bursts of high‐voltage polyspikes with maximal [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

Show info

Lafora Disease

1976; Williamson et al., 1992) and bilateral frontally predominant paroxysms (Williamson and Spencer, 1986). [academic.oup.com]

Posterior temporal activity is the most common finding, and other findings include diffuse posterior sharp or spike activity with a wide field of distribution (Ludwig et al [academic.oup.com]

Show info

Aromatic L-Amino Acid Decarboxylase Deficiency

[…] of the tiger” sign on MRI. [invitae.com]

FTL PANK2 PLA2G6 WDR45 Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation ( NBIA ) is a group of disorders characterized by iron accumulation in the basal ganglia causing the “eye [invitae.com]

Accumulation Genes (10 genes) Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation ( NBIA ) is a group of disorders characterized by iron accumulation in the basal ganglia causing the “eye [invitae.com]

Show info

⚕ Symptoma®️ is a digital health assistant but no replacement for the opinion and judgement of medical professionals. By using this website you fully understand and accept that it shall not be used as a diagnostic system for decision-making. It absolutely must not be used to obtain, replace or overrule a clinical diagnosis by a healthcare professional. It is always for the medical professional to make the final diagnosis. The medical information provided on this website is of a general nature and can not substitute for the advice of a medical professional (for example, a qualified doctor or physician)! Information from the internet could and should NOT be solely used to offer or render a medical opinion or otherwise engage in the practice of medicine.