Focal Spikes Causes & Reasons

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Focal Spikes Symptom Checker: Possible causes include Hashimoto Thyroiditis. Check the full list of possible causes and conditions now! Talk to our Chatbot to narrow down your search.

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Possible Causes

Hashimoto Thyroiditis

Named after Hakaru Hashimoto (1881 to 1934), japanese pathologist Synonymes: Autoimmune thyroiditis type 1A, Autoimmune thyroiditis type Typ 2A German : Hashimoto-Thyreoiditis 1 Definition Hashimoto's disease refers to an autoimmune disease of the thyroid ( Autoimmune Thyroiditis ). This entity has been first[…] [flexikon.doccheck.com]

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Epilepsy

Focal seizures began at 5 years and were refractory to medical treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

(EEG) hallmark of focal-onset seizures is the focal interictal epileptiform spike or sharp wave. [emedicine.medscape.com]

At 9 years, video EEG monitoring showed a striking pattern of interictal slow spike-wave and paroxysmal fast activity, maximal over the right, initially unaffected, hemisphere [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

Abstract This chapter covers the syndromes of benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS), nonlesional focal epilepsy in otherwise normal children (NLFN), and the genetic [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We compared the occurrence and involvement of posterior electrodes for focal abnormalities and generalised spike-wave activity in the EEG outside photic stimulation between [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] discharges on electroencephalography, and a lack of focal abnormality on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Generalized Clonic or Tonic-Clonic Seizures

Generalized spiking is usually large and obvious, while focal spikes (especially temporal lobe spiking) may be smaller and more subtle to see. [hawaii.edu]

Ictal EEG in focal seizures consisted of spikes (66%) or rhythmic theta-alpha activity (33%) in tonic-clonic seizures with secondary generalization; rhythmic spikes (73%), [scielo.br]

Localization-related (focal, local, partial) epilepsies and syndromes 1.1. Idiopathic with age-related onset A. Benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes B. [liveto.com]

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Childhood Absence Epilepsy

PURPOSE: To better understand the nature of the focal spike-wave discharges (FSWDs) and focally led generalized spike-wave discharges (GSWDs) in typical childhood absence [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract The EEG in childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) may contain focal and generalised spike-wave discharges (SWDs) with focal, mainly frontal, "lead-in". [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Benign Adult Familial Myoclonic Epilepsy

 Previously called early-benign childhood seizures with occipital spikes  Childhood onset (peak 5 years).  Focal autonomic seizures or autonomic status epilepticus, frequently [slideshare.net]

[…] development Developmental regression Generalized hypotonia Epileptic spasms Babinski sign Cutaneous photosensitivity Hypomimic face Hand tremor Generalized-onset seizure Focal [mendelian.co]

According to Cantello et al., 55 focal subcortical reflex myoclonus can also be demonstrated in these patients. [clinicalgate.com]

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West Syndrome

Brain MRI revealed no abnormal findings although interictal EEG demonstrated left centro-parieto-temporal localized spike foci. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A “leading” spike had a focal origin in all 42 type I spasms and involved the pre‐ or postcentral gyrus within 0.1 s in 37 of these spasms. [doi.org]

At time they appear to be focal, and a few seconds later they seem to originate from multiple foci. [en.wikipedia.org]

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Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy

Fragmented generalized spike-and-wave can appear focal or multi-focal but usually is not consistently seen in 1 area. [medlink.com]

The interictal EEG showed generalized spike-and-wave alone in 8 patients, focal or multifocal spike-and-wave alone in 3 patients, both generalized and focal spike-and-wave [nature.com]

The morphology of the focal spike-and-wave typically appears similar to the generalized spike-and-wave. Ictal. [medlink.com]

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Juvenile Absence Epilepsy

Although focal spikes can occur, if they consistently arise in 1 area, consider structural brain abnormality. Caution. If slow spike-and-wave ( Imaging. [medlink.com]

Previous clinical and EEG studies show a relationship between generalized and focal spike–wave discharges in some situations. [academic.oup.com]

Interictal and ictal EEG is characterized by focal generalized spike-wave discharge occasionally prominent in the frontal region. [1pdf.net]

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Encephalopathy

*Frontal dominance (FIRDA) --non specific ,diffuse encephalopathy, if focal ? [slideshare.net]

[…] of periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges (PLEDS).[37] In hypokalemia, diffuse slow activity can be seen together with paroxysmal delta/theta activity, as well as focal [neurologyindia.com]

*Repetitive and fairly stereotyped waveforms appearing at regular intervals, sharps/spike waves or complex discharges. [slideshare.net]

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Uremic Encephalopathy

[…] paroxysms of sharp waves and spike-waves during hyperventilation (HV). [38] In patients with cirrhosis, in addition to diffuse slow activity (theta and delta), triphasic [neurologyindia.com]

[…] of periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges (PLEDS). [37] In hypokalemia, diffuse slow activity can be seen together with paroxysmal delta/theta activity, as well as focal [neurologyindia.com]

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Organic Brain Syndrome

Rogers MP, et al. Psychosom Med. 1986 Jul-Aug. Abstract Systemic mastocytosis is a disease characterized by an excessive accumulation of mast cells, and associated with skin lesions, flushing, diarrhea, tachycardia, and psychiatric manifestations. In order to define more clearly the psychiatric manifestations, ten[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Neonatal Seizures

spike discharges in infancy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In birth injury or cerebral anoxia, EEG mostly revealed focal-unilateral abnormality or suppression-burst activity in newborns and hypsarhythmia or focal features in infants [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] infantile convulsion or breath-holding spell. 6) EEG features of cerebral malformation were asymmetrical or multifocal dischages in neonatal period and hypsarhythmia or focal-unilateral [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Myoclonic-Astatic Epilepsy

In contrast, all cases with a poor prognosis had focal spike discharges. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

or polyspike-wave EEG discharges at 2-3 Hz, without focal spike discharges; and (4) exclusion of severe and benign myoclonic epilepsy (SME, BME) in infants and cryptogenic [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Early onset and focal spike discharges as indicators of poor prognosis for myoclonic-astatic epilepsy. Brain Dev. 2014 Aug;36(7):613-9. [pediatricfocus.wordpress.com]

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Toxic Encephalopathy

[…] paroxysms of sharp waves and spike-waves during hyperventilation (HV). [38] In patients with cirrhosis, in addition to diffuse slow activity (theta and delta), triphasic [neurologyindia.com]

[…] of periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges (PLEDS). [37] In hypokalemia, diffuse slow activity can be seen together with paroxysmal delta/theta activity, as well as focal [neurologyindia.com]

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Panayiotopoulos Syndrome

In three, in addition to the diffuse paroxysms, focal spikes appeared later. From a clinical point of view, other features were otherwise unremarkable. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

spikes. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract Focal spike activities in Panayiotopoulos syndrome involve all brain regions in electroencephalography, and commonly reveal multiple foci, often through occipital [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Epilepsy with Continuous Spike-and-Slow-Waves during Sleep

Awake EEG record, showed bilateral spike and wave discharges in the frequency of 2 to 3Hz and also showed some focal spikes predominantly in right frontal area ( Fig. 1 ). [indianpediatrics.net]

A sleep EEG recording showed focal spike and wave discharges over the right central and temporal leads (C4-T4). [intechopen.com]

[…] and waves during sleep p. 137 Late onset acquired epileptic aphasia p. 143 CSWS: SW index value according to the slow sleep stages p. 149 Continuous focal discharges during [booktopia.com.au]

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Early Infantile Epileptic Encephalopathy Type 3

 I stage is before the discovery of CSWS  The EEG shows multi-focal spikes and bisynchronous generalised sharp or spike-wave discharges.  II stage is when CSWS is found [slideshare.net]

[…] with centrotemporal EEG spikes Childhood epilepsy with occipital EEG paroxysms G40.1 Localization-related (focal)(partial) symptomatic epilepsy and epileptic syndromes with [apps.who.int]

[…] wave 6 (16.2) Focal epileptiform discharges 2 (5.4) * Others: Agenesis of corpus callosum, arachnoid cyst, hemiatrophy, delayed myelination and posterior falcine bleed in [indianpediatrics.net]

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Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome

Interictal There may be focal or multifocal spike-and-wave or sharp-slow waves, with an anterior predominance. [epilepsydiagnosis.org]

In LGS, major seizures are mainly atypical absences and tonic seizures with 0.5-2Hz slow spike-waves and eventually focal anomalies. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] discharges and in 5 (20.9%) of them the spike-wave complexes were not generalized but focal. [omicsonline.org]

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Insulin Overdose

We report a very rare case of acute pulmonary edema caused by hypoglycemia from insulin overdose during an attempted suicide. A 16-year-old woman with type 1 diabetes was brought to our hospital because of hypoglycemic coma. She exhibited severe hypoxia; upon intubation, bloody froth poured out of the tube.[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury

Interictal The interictal EEG may be normal or may show focal or multi-focal interictal spikes or spike-and-wave over the location(s) of the brain injury. [epilepsydiagnosis.org]

Dysfunctions probably located in the brainstem and diencephalon, or in their non specific projections, would explain the coexistence of spike and wave activity and OIRDA in [scielo.br]

Multi-focal independent spikes or generalized spike-and-wave (usually 3 Hz) can be seen in young patients who evolve to have generalized seizure types. [epilepsydiagnosis.org]

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Rolandic Epilepsy

Focal spikes and sharp waves with predominantly centrotemporal localization are the electroencephalograhic hallmark of Rolandic epilepsy (or BECTS). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

So the EEG typically shows dramatic focal spikes in the centrotemporal region of brain. [chp.edu]

focal or generalized spikes and waves. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Focal Epilepsy - Speech Disorder - Mental Retardation

Uni-Focal Spikes Can be due to superficial or deep cortical or thalamic lesions. [studystack.com]

 I stage is before the discovery of CSWS  The EEG shows multi-focal spikes and bisynchronous generalised sharp or spike-wave discharges.  II stage is when CSWS is found [slideshare.net]

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Benign Familial Infantile Epilepsy Type 4

DeMarco, P., and Negrin, P., Parietal focal spikes evoked by contralateral tactile somatotopic stimulation in four non-epileptic subjects, Electroenceph. clin. [journals.sagepub.com]

Epilepsies Genetic Generalized Epilepsies—Epilepsies With Generalized Spike–Waves Chapter 17: Myoclonic Epilepsy in Infancy and Epilepsy With Myoclonic Atonic Seizures Chapter [connect.springerpub.com]

[…] the EEG showed low voltage undifferentiated activity with frequent ictal pattern and occasional focal spikes and sharp waves. [karger.com]

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Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy Type 3

EEG: Generalized almost symmetrical high-voltage polyspikes-and-wave along with frequent bilateral independent posterior dominant (T6, O2//T5, O1) focal spikes on a slow & [pubs.sciepub.com]

EEG revealed abundant generalized almost symmetrical high-voltage polyspike-and-wave along with frequent bilateral independent posterior dominant (T6, O2//T5, O1) focal spikes [pubs.sciepub.com]

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Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) is a type of focal idiopathic epilepsy more common in childhood. [scielo.br]

[…] with midline spikes and waves during sleep (BIMSE) (see these terms). [orpha.net]

Benign partial epilepsy in childhood: Selective cognitive deficits are related to the location of focal spikes determined by combined EEG/MEG. [scielo.br]

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Cardiogenic Syncope

A standard EEG showed focal spike and wave with delta slowing on the right centrotemporal region (C4-T4). [jnnp.bmj.com]

[…] or general spike activity Responsive to AEDs No Often Short term mortality† High Low RE-EVALUATION OF AN EPILEPSY DIAGNOSIS Three studies, involving altogether 101 patients [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] consciousness Typical Common Episode duration Seconds Minutes Involuntary movements Common Typical Amnesia Yes Yes Arrhythmia Common Rare* Electroencephalogram Slow waves Flattening Focal [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Streptococcus Pyogenes

However, spikes fever persisted over 2 days. [indianpediatrics.net]

Initial chest radiography showed focal parenchymal consolidations over the right upper lobe. We prescribed empiric antibiotics with cefuroxime and azithromycin at first. [indianpediatrics.net]

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Familial Infantile Myoclonic Epilepsy

[…] the EEG showed low voltage undifferentiated activity with frequent ictal pattern and occasional focal spikes and sharp waves. [karger.com]

Called benign infantile focal epilepsy with midline spikes and waves during sleep, these infants have few seizures and there may often be a family history.[2] References[edit [en.wikipedia.org]

[…] with midline spikes and waves during sleep (BIMSE) (see these terms). [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

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Delirium

spikes or paroxysmal slow activity (mescaline). 43 There are some grounds to suspect that delirium tremens, the more or less distinctive syndrome), has more in common with [doi.org]

[…] during such states does not show diffuse slowing as in delirium, but rather either diffuse acceleration (quinacrine) 32 sleep patterns in an alert state (atropine), 42 or focal [doi.org]

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