Formication: Causes & Reasons

Possible Causes for Formication

Central nervous system manifestations are as follows: Change of mental status, disorientation, and headache Dyskinesias Agitation Formication Symptoms of stroke Cardiovascular [emedicine.medscape.com]

Formication (sensory hallucination of insects crawling on/under skin, leading to obsessive scratching) and ulceration. [patient.info]

Confusion or agitation Bruxism Stroke caused by acute amphetamine toxicity Cutaneous findings are as follows: Skin flushing Infected deep ulcerations (ecthyma) in patients with formication [emedicine.medscape.com]

Vitamin B12 Deficiency

Vitamin B12 deficiency in vegans is a known cause of megaloblastic anaemia. We report an adolescent girl who presented with jaundice and weight loss for 6 months secondary to vitamin B12 deficiency, leading to megaloblastic anaemia. Replacement with vitamin B12 reversed her symptoms, resulting in weight gain, and[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Anxiety Disorder

Anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent, persistent, disabling, and costly psychiatric disorders, yet they are often underdiagnosed and undertreated. Fortunately, there have been major advances in understanding and treating these conditions in recent years; this is one of the most exciting areas in modern[…] [books.google.com]

Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis

We present three patients with a clinical course and cerebrospinal fluid findings consistent with a diagnosis of primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS). Extensive and repeated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations showed only diffuse abnormality in brain and spinal cord, but no focal lesions. We propose[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Lyme Neuroborreliosis

Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB), the neurological manifestation of systemic infection with the complex spirochaete Borrelia burgdorferi, can pose a challenge for practising neurologists. This Review is a summary of clinical presentation, diagnosis, and therapy, as well as of recent advances in our understanding of LNB.[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Multiple Sclerosis

BACKGROUND: Low-dose naltrexone (LDN) may promote psychological well-being as well as generalized health especially in autoimmune disorders. The objective of this study is to assess the effect of LDN on the Quality of Life (QoL) of patients with relapsing-remitting and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (MS)[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Amphetamine Delusional Disorder

Misdiagnosed Pruritus; Formication due to Chronic Amphetamine Abuse. Asia Pac J Med Toxicol 2016;5:32-4. Statistics Article View: 1,399 PDF Download: 779 [apjmt.mums.ac.ir]

In some cases, formication occurs during active use of a given substance; in other cases, it occurs during withdrawal from a substance. [addiction.com]

Instant Feedback: Formication is a tactile hallucination. [rnceus.com]

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), also known as chronic myelogenous leukemia, is the most common myeloproliferative disorder. Most of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia are diagnosed in the chronic phase and then progress to the accelerated and blast phases in 3 to 5 years. The diagnosis of chronic myeloid[…] [symptoma.com]

Hypoparathyroidism

Hypoparathyroidism presents the following signs and symptoms: Pain in the abdomen Cataract Muscle cramps and carpopedal spasms Weakening of tooth enamel Painful menstrual cycle Seizures Tingling sensation in the hands, fingers and feet Brittle nails Dry skin Depression Fatigue Loss of hair and hair thinning in[…] [symptoma.com]

Essential Thrombocythemia

Practice Essentials Essential thrombocytosis (primary thrombocythemia) is a nonreactive, chronic myeloproliferative disorder in which sustained megakaryocyte proliferation leads to an increase in the number of circulating platelets [1] (see the images below). Mutations in JAK2, CALR, or MPL are found in approximately[…] [emedicine.medscape.com]

Erythropoietic Protoporphyria

Clin Genet. 2017 Nov;92(5):495-502. doi: 10.1111/cge.12968. Epub 2017 Aug 2. Kadara H 1, Nemer G 1, Safi R 2, Rebeiz N 2, Daou L 3, Delbani D 2, Btadini W 2, Abbas O 2, Tofaili M 2, Bitar F 4, Kibbi AG 2, Shimomura Y 5, Kurban M 1, 2, 6. Author information 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Croton Oil Poisoning

It contains fatty acids like oleic acid, linoleic acid, myristic acid, arachidic acid, palmitic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, stearic acid, and less amounts of butyric acid [buzzle.com]

The oil comprises the fatty acids oleic acid 37%, linoleic acid 19%, myristic acid 7.5%, arachidic acid 1.5%, palmitic acid 1%, formic acid 1%, acetic acid 0.5%, stearic acid [tropical.theferns.info]

contains glycerides of stearic, palmitic, myristic, lauric, and oleic acids, and of the volatile acids - acetic, butyric, formic, valeric, tiglic (tiglinic - oleic series [chestofbooks.com]

Hereditary ATTR Amyloidosis

Hereditary ATTR amyloidosis is a progressively fatal genetic disease caused by an accumulation of transthyretin in the liver and several other organs. The diagnosis is made by biopsy and supportive imaging studies. Liver transplantation is currently the mainstay of therapy. Novel treatment strategies are being[…] [symptoma.com]

Methanol Poisoning

The role of formic acid in methanol toxicity in human subjects has not been established. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Occupational exposure to vapours of methanol and formic acid can be quantitatively monitored by urinary formic acid determinations. [dx.doi.org]

A sensitive and specific assay was used to measure formic acid levels in blood and other fluids. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Methyl Ethyl Ketone Poisoning

Propionic acid and formic acid were not measurable at any time. [tandfonline.com]

Sigurdsson J, Björnsson A, Gudmundsson ST (1983) Formic acid burn--local and systemic effects. Report of a case.BurnsInclThermInj 9: 358-361. [omicsonline.org]

Finally, during MEKP decay, various organic acids are formed, e.g. formic acid, which induce acidosis and optic neuropathy. [flore.unifi.it]

Metaldehyde Poisoning

This objective was achieved by adding acidified water (0.1% formic acid) to the methanol spray solvent MeOH:(H 2 O + 0.1% formic acid) (1:1, v/v). [nature.com]

The resultant PS-MS mass spectrum recorded when 5 μg of metaldehyde in 1 μL of deionized water was deposited on the paper substrate using MeOH:(H 2 O + 0.1% formic acid) [nature.com]

This quantitative analysis of metaldehyde in water was achieved from the metaldehyde calibration curve obtained with PS-MS using MeOH:(H 2 O + 0.1% formic acid) (1:1, v/v) [nature.com]

Chemical Burn

We report on a 26-year-old woman who during early infancy (6 months) suffered from a chemical burn of the skin and upper airways due to spill of formic acid powder. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] acid burn 11719311 - Formic acid burn 11719308 - Chemical burns 11719306 - Chemical burns 11684175 - Detergent burn to child's eye 11672832 - Mustard gas burns,War War I [sciencephoto.fr]

Formic acid is used in the tanning industry as well as in glue making. It creates a deep eschar that does not protect the body from systemic effects. [autoaccident.com]

Toxic Effect of Corrosive Substances

Some concentrated weak acids, for example formic acid and acetic acid Strong Lewis acids such as anhydrous aluminum chloride and boron trifluoride Lewis acids with specific [en.wikipedia.org]

[…] acid 10% Slow decomposing effect Formic acid 30% Slow decomposing effect Hydrogen chloride 10% Quick corrosive effect, also on steel Hydrogen chloride 37% Quick corrosive [training.itcilo.it]

8 IB2, T7, TP21542022421 L30 L A 40 Formic acid with not less than 5% but not more than 10% acid by mass 8 UN3412III 8 IB3, T4, TP11542032415 L60 L A 40 Fuel cell cartridges [environmentalchemistry.com]

Acidifying Agent Poisoning

The eluent consisted of solvent A (0.2% v/v formic acid in water) and solvent B (0.2% v/v formic acid in acetonitrile). [link.springer.com]

[…] acid which is toxic to the optic nerve early toxicity of formic acid is metabolic acidosis by formic acid itself formic acid also binds to cytochrome oxidase blocking oxidative [medbullets.com]

Sulfite or Potassium Bisulphite, Potassium Hydrogen Sulphite preservatives H A – E230 Diphenyl, Biphenyl preservatives – – C E231 Orthophenyl Phenol preservatives – – C E236 Formic [traditionaloven.com]

Toxic Effect of Corrosive Alkalis

There are two types of acids: mineral (inorganic) acids—such as sulfuric, hydrochloric, or nitric—and carboxylic (organic) acids such as formic or acetic. [labmanager.com]

[…] acid 10% Slow decomposing effect Formic acid 30% Slow decomposing effect Hydrogen chloride 10% Quick corrosive effect, also on steel Hydrogen chloride 37% Quick corrosive [training.itcilo.it]

Some concentrated weak acids, for example formic acid and acetic acid Strong Lewis acids such as anhydrous aluminum chloride and boron trifluoride Lewis acids with specific [en.wikipedia.org]

Organic Delusional Disorder

In some cases, formication occurs during active use of a given substance; in other cases, it occurs during withdrawal from a substance. [addiction.com]

Classically, patients complain of scratching, biting, burrowing, and wriggling sensations under the skin (formication). [dovepress.com]

Very often the imaginary parasites are reported as being "bugs" or insects crawling on or under the skin; in these cases the experience of the sensation known as formication [delusionalinsects.com]

Isopropyl Alcohol Poisoning

High anion gap metabolic acidosis (HAGMA) is produced due to generation of formic acid and increased production of lactic acid. [lifeinthefastlane.com]

Toxic effects are due in part to the alcohol itself, and in part to formic acid produced by its oxidation. [merckvetmanual.com]

The toxicity with methanol occurs from both the ensuing metabolic acidosis, as well as the formate anion (formic acid) itself. [17] Although the eye is the primary site of [emedicine.medscape.com]

Toxic Effect of Glycols

The formic acid buildup and lactic acid buildup are to thank for this. [emdocs.net]

An additional benefit is the effect of "ion trapping" formic acid. [derangedphysiology.com]

The formaldehyde is then metabolized by aldehyde dehydrogenase to formic acid. [emdocs.net]

Toxic Gastritis

High anion gap metabolic acidosis (HAGMA) is produced due to generation of formic acid and increased production of lactic acid. [lifeinthefastlane.com]

Methanol is metabolized into formaldehyde and formic acid, which can accumulate in the retina causing edema and optic papillitis. [epmonthly.com]

Formic acid is the main toxic metabolite responsible for the retinal, ophthalmic and neural toxicity seen with methanol ingestion. [lifeinthefastlane.com]

Insect Bite

Some insects inject formic acid, which can cause an immediate skin reaction often resulting in redness and swelling in the injured area. [en.wikipedia.org]

Many species of bees and wasps have two poison glands, one gland secreting a toxin in which formic acid is one recognized constituent, and the other secreting an alkaline [britannica.com]

Some insect bites contain an acid substance resembling formic acid and consequently are relieved by topically applied alkalies, such as ammonia water or baking soda paste. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Formaldehyde Poisoning

Methanol, formaldehyde, and formic acid levels in the blood of the patient are reported following the ingestion of formaldehyde solution. [jamanetwork.com]

Metabolic (anion gap) acidosis may be caused by formic acid accumulation from metabolism of formaldehyde or methanol. [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

It is metabolized to formic acid in liver and blood Route : Ingestion and inhalation Mechanism of action : • Inhalation: burning of eyes, lacrymaton, coughing, constriction [pediatriconcall.com]

Citrulline Transport Defect

The mobile phase was composed of (A) water (0.1% formic acid v/v) and (B) acetonitrile (0.1% formic acid v/v). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Fucosyltransferase 6 Deficiency

Subsequently, 25 μl of formic acid was then added to each tube and homogenized by vortex, followed by the addition of 25 μl of acetonitrile. [microbiomejournal.biomedcentral.com]

[…] acid in water as aqueous solvent A and 90% acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in water as organic solvent B (gradient also described previously). [microbiomejournal.biomedcentral.com]

[…] and loaded onto the enrichment column and subsequently separated on the analytical column with a gradient optimized for glycan separation, using 3% acetonitrile and 0.1% formic [microbiomejournal.biomedcentral.com]

Pagon Stephan Syndrome

1943) EponymGenetics Ekbom syndrome II Stephen Whelan and Mike Cadogan November 3, 2020 Ekbom syndrome or delusional parasitosis is characterised by delusions, symptoms of formication [litfl.com]

Corrosive Chemical

[…] acid Sodium hydroxide Nitric acid Phosphoric acid Perchloric acid Sulfuric acid Organic Acids Dehydrating Agents Other Compounds Butyric acid Calcium oxide Tin chloride Formic [bohr.winthrop.edu]

[…] substances include: strong acids - Examples include nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrochloric acid concentrated weak acids - Examples include concentrated acetic acid and formic [thoughtco.com]

[…] acid 10% Slow decomposing effect Formic acid 30% Slow decomposing effect Hydrogen chloride 10% Quick corrosive effect, also on steel Hydrogen chloride 37% Quick corrosive [training.itcilo.it]