Genu Valgum: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for Genu Valgum

Mucopolysaccharidosis Type 4A

Skeletal deformities (platyspondyly, kyphosis, scoliosis, pectus carinatum, genu valgum, long bone deformities) become more pronounced as the child grows. [orpha.net]

Clinical features include short trunk dwarfism, dysostosis multiplex, progressive spinal deformity, short neck, pectus carinatum, genu valgum, pes planus, and odontoid hypoplasia [icd10data.com]

Genu valgum. Gait abnormalities. Corneal clouding. Differential diagnosis Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia. Other mucopolysaccharidoses. [patient.info]

Mucopolysaccharidosis Type 4

They presented marked growth retardation, spinal deformity, chest deformity, genu valgum, and corneal opacities. [cags.org.ae]

valgum Thoracic manifestations anterior sternal bowing, increased AP chest diameter, wide ribs Echocardiography late onset aortic regurgitation Treatment and Prognosis Life [radiopaedia.org]

There is joint laxity and knock knees (genu valgum) and hip deformity (dysplasia). The intelligence is normal. [medicinenet.com]

Pseudoachondroplasia

[…] varum, genu valgum, or genu recurvatum underwent surgical correction. [appliedradiology.com]

Legs are malaligned with a variety of knee deformities noted, including bow-legs (genu varum), knock-knees (genu valgum), and windswept deformities (bow-leg on one side and [web.archive.org]

The patient was also noted to have genu varum on the right and genu valgum on the left, along with a prominent lumbar lordosis and a mild dextroscoliosis of the thoracic spine [appliedradiology.com]

Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia - Spondyloepimetaphyseal Dysplasia

The clinical findings in DEEC are: Disproportionate dwarfisms (with short spine, kyphoscoliosis, pectus carinatus), genu valgum, etc. [roderic.uv.es]

valgum, cubitus valgus, mild brachydactyly, camptodactyly, microdontia, and normal intelligence. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

valgum is usually present; - Cervical Spine: - atlantoaxial instability : - may occur due to odontoid hypoplasia or os odontoideum ; - may result in cervical myelopathy; [wheelessonline.com]

Homocystinuria

Skeletal changes include genu valgum and pes cavus, followed by dolichostenomelia, pectus excavatum or carinatum and kyphosis, or scoliosis and osteoporosis. [orpha.net]

Although patients with homocystinuria may present to the orthopaedic surgeon with osteoporosis, severe genu valgum or scoliosis, the disease is an uncommon cause of these [online.boneandjoint.org.uk]

valgum, pectus carinatum, long extremities, arachnodactyly, and dilatation with thrombosis of medium sized arteries and veins. 3. [ajronline.org]

Craniometadiaphyseal Dysplasia

Most patients present with mild genu valgum. The elbows are unable to extend fully. There may be widening of the lower femora and clavicles. [en.wikipedia.org]

Affected people are clinically normal, apart from genu valgum, although scoliosis and bone fragility occasionally occur. [merckmanuals.com]

Metaphyseal dysplasia, also known as Pyle's disease, is a rare recessive bone dysplasia characterised by genu valgum, metaphyseal anomalies with broadening of the long bones [blueprintgenetics.com]

Rickets

Home Internal Medicine Rickets Photos Dermatology Orthopedics Surgery Pediatrics Click on photos for enlarged view Knock knee deformity (genu valgum) Windswept deformity of [thachers.org]

Abstract A 16-year-old boy with widening of the large joints of the extremities and bilateral genu valgum had been extensively treated with oral vitamin D, with little clinical [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Rickets was diagnosed in a 12-year-old girl presenting with short stature, genu valgum, eversion deformity at the ankle joints, and flat feet. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome

Clinical features were: a marked acromesomelic short stature (135 cm height), narrow thorax, genu valgum, club feet, brachydactyly, malposed toes, hypoplastic nails and teeth [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Acromelic shortening of upper and lower limbs, genu valgum, multiple frenula, deformed teeth, short ribs and narrow thorax and congenital heart diseases complete the picture [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The lower limbs showed rhizomelic shortening with significant genu valgum (knock-knee deformity), small feet with postaxial polydactyly, syndactyly between the second and [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Familial Hypophosphatemia

In infants and children, the signs and symptoms include: Abnormal "waddling" walk due to knock-knees (genu valgum) or bowed legs (genu varum) Thick wrists Ribs of the chest [dovemed.com]

Chronic and more severe forms of hypophosphatemia present with bone pain, osteomalacia and pseudofractures, rachitis-like characteristics (genu valgum, frontal bossing, widening [symptoma.com]

Mucopolysaccharidosis Type 1

valgum, short stature, spinal curvature, odontoid hypoplasia, ligamentous laxity, and atlantoaxial instability MPS IV (mild) – Much slower progression of skeletal dysplasia [emedicine.medscape.com]

Bone deformities like kyphosis or gibbus, scoliosis, genu valgum, pes cavus have been described and may cause gait disturbances. [symptoma.com]

[…] with severely disturbed social behavior MPS IV (severe) – Orthopedic involvement (eg, spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia) as the primary finding; preservation of intelligence; genu [emedicine.medscape.com]

Mucopolysaccharidosis Type 6

MIM*253200] an error of mucopolysaccharide metabolism characterized by excretion of dermatan sulfate in the urine, growth retardation, lumbar kyphosis, sternal protrusion, genu [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

[…] abnormalities include hypoplastic bones, hip dysplasia, pectus carinatum, genu valgum, and kyphoscoliosis. [symptoma.com]

A 7-year-old girl with Morquio syndrome and typical severe genu valgum. Courtesy of Dennis P. Grogan, MD. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Mucopolysaccharidosis

valgum, waddling gait, and laxity of joints. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract A 16-year-old boy with widening of the large joints of the extremities and bilateral genu valgum had been extensively treated with oral vitamin D, with little clinical [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cartilaginous Exostosis

[…] pronation; - ulnar lengthening: - Knee Joint in MED: - leg length inequality may require equalization procedures in 50%; - fibular involvement by osteochondroma may cause: genu [wheelessonline.com]

Genu valgum (commonly known as "knock-knees"), ankle valgus, and bowing and shortening of one or both of the forearm bones are common manifestations. [5] Types [ edit ] Buccal [en.wikipedia.org]

Inheritance Autosomal recessive Clinical Features No clinical implication except incidence of genu valgum with thickening medial end of clavicles, pubis and ischium, some [flinders.edu.au]

Spondyloepimetaphyseal Dysplasia-Hypotrichosis Syndrome

valgum Limitation of joint mobility Macroorchidism Strabismus Hypotelorism Abnormality of the abdominal wall Abnormality of the thyroid gland Prematurely aged appearance [mendelian.co]

The patients of SMS have a short trunk, dwarfism, a striking barrel-shaped chest, sternal protrusion, kyphoscoliosis, and various distal deformities, including genu valgum [jiaomr.in]

[…] varum) and ‘knock knees’ (genu valgum). [rarediseases.org]

Mucopolysaccharidosis Type 2

valgum, usually hepatosplenomegaly, and no mental retardation; onset occurs after 2 years of age. [drugs.com]

It is characterised by excretion of dermatan sulfate in the urine, growth retardation, lumbar kyphosis, sternal protrusion, genu valgum, usually hepatosplenomegaly, and no [kmle.co.kr]

valgum. [novapublishers.org]

Hereditary Multiple Exostoses

Genu valgum occurs in about a third of the patients. Pedunculated osteochondromas carry a risk of fracture in the region of the stalk. [symptoma.com]

Genu valgum and ankle valgus may be seen. [orthopaedicsone.com]

Mucopolysaccharidosis Type 7

valgum, hypermobile joints Waddling gait with frequent falls Qualitative urine glycosaminoglycan (GAG) analysis demonstrates keratan sulfate and chondroitin 6-sulfate. [centogene.com]

A 7-year-old girl with Morquio syndrome and typical severe genu valgum. Courtesy of Dennis P. Grogan, MD. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Skeletal abnormalities can be extreme and include dwarfism, kyphosis (outward-curved spine), prominent breastbone, flat feet, and genu-valgum (knock-knees). [encyclopedia.com]

Beta Thalassaemia Major

Untreated or poorly transfused patients show growth retardation, pallor, jaundice, poor musculature, genu valgum, leg ulcers, formation of masses due to extramedullary hematopoiesis [orpha.net]

Some individuals may develop ‘knock knees’ (genu valgum), a condition in which the legs bend inward so that when a person is standing the knees will touch even if the ankles [rarediseases.org]

In uncomplicated cases, skeletal deformities include genu valgum, frontal bossing, malar bone prominence, depression of the nasal bridge, and maxillae hypertrophy. [symptoma.com]

Genu valgum St Helena Familial

Helena familial genu valgum; Genu valgum, hereditary pubertal; Severe 'knock-knees' and variable lesser malalignment at the elbows and wrists; St. [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

MalaCards integrated aliases for Genu Valgum, St. Helena Familial: Name: Genu Valgum, St. [malacards.org]

Helena familial genu valgum P Beighton et al. Clin Genet. 1986 Oct. Abstract A kindred on the mid-Atlantic island of St. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Komuragaeri Disease

[…] varus, right sided genu valgum; (i v ) and delayed bone age. [indianpediatrics.net]

valgum Knock knees 0002857 Malabsorption Intestinal malabsorption 0002024 Mildly elevated creatine kinase 0008180 Muscle spasm 0003394 Osteolytic defects of the phalanges [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

valgum Knock knees 0002857 Malabsorption Intestinal malabsorption 0002024 Mildly elevated creatine phosphokinase 0008180 Muscle cramps 0003394 Osteolytic defects of the phalanges [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

Autosomal Recessive Hypophosphatemic Rickets Type 2

[rarediseases.org] Genu Valgum [rarediseases.org] Genu Valgum [rarediseases.org] Genu Valgum Genu valgum can develop due to skeletal and joint dysplasias (e.g., OSTEOARTHRITIS [symptoma.co.za]

[rarediseases.org] Genu Valgum [rarediseases.org] Genu Valgum Genu valgum can develop due to skeletal and joint dysplasias (e.g., OSTEOARTHRITIS; HURLER SYNDROME); and malnutrition [symptoma.com]

Abnormality of head or neck Carious teeth Hypoplasia of teeth Abnormality of limbs Coxa valga Genu valgum Genu varum Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis Hyperphosphaturia [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Vitamin D Deficiency

valgum Wellcome L0062567.jpg 3,653 × 5,213; 2.97 MB Glisson.jpg 1,000 × 1,846; 191 KB Great deformity of the legs due to rickets Wellcome L0062562.jpg 3,099 × 6,443; 3.76 [commons.wikimedia.org]

However, severe vitamin D deficiency may manifest as rickets with the below clinical features: Bony Signs - Swelling of wrists and ankles - Leg deformities (genu varum or [starship.org.nz]

Female dwarf, the result of rickets, c. 1912 Wellcome L0033871.jpg 2,508 × 3,870; 2.45 MB Girl with continued rickets Wellcome L0062566.jpg 3,474 × 5,298; 2.59 MB Girl with genu [commons.wikimedia.org]

Carpenter-Waziri Syndrome

Diseases related with Wide nasal bridge and Genu valgum In the following list you will find some of the most common rare diseases related to Wide nasal bridge and Genu valgum [mendelian.co]

valgum ; High palate ; Hyperactivity ; Hyperreflexia ; Hypertelorism ; Hypogonadism ; Hypoplastic philtrum ; Hypospadias ; Infantile muscular hypotonia ; Intellectual disability [mousephenotype.org]

Additional skeletal abnormalities such as deformed hips, a rounded upper back that also curves to the side ( kyphoscoliosis ), and knees that are angled inward (genu valgum [ghr.nlm.nih.gov]

Autosomal Recessive Osteopetrosis Type 3

Affiliated tissues include bone, bone marrow and eye, and related phenotypes are genu valgum and mandibular prognathia Disease Ontology : 12 An osteopetrosis characterized [malacards.org]

valgum Knock knees 0002857 Global developmental delay 0001263 Hepatomegaly Enlarged liver 0002240 Intellectual disability Mental deficiency Mental retardation Mental retardation [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

[…] hemoglobin 0001903 Avascular necrosis Death of bone due to decreased blood supply 0010885 Bone pain 0002653 Failure to thrive Faltering weight Weight faltering [ more ] 0001508 Genu [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

Osteomalacia

Bowing of the legs (genu varum) is typical, but knock knees (genu valgum) can also occur. [patient.info]

Alpha-Mannosidosis

Epiphyseal arthrodesis, for instance, is generally recommended to reduce the consequences of genu valgum. [symptoma.com]

Coarse facial features and skeletal abnormalities such as scoliosis, kyphosis, pectus carinatum, genu valgum, and pes equinus may be noted at birth. [symptoma.com]

Spondyloepimetaphyseal Dysplasia Type Geneviève

[…] varum, genu valgum and valgum deformities at the distal tibia. [intechopen.com]

[…] varum) and ‘knock knees’ (genu valgum). [rarediseases.org]

valgum Mosaic trisomy 14 Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease Dystelephalangy Microphthalmia syndromic 8 Acheiropody Short stature deafness neutrophil [checkrare.com]

Marfan Syndrome

valgum, facial features and supportive devices (splints and wheelchair) were addressed. [bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com]

Clinical features such as tall stature, low body weight, long and slender limbs, arachnodactyly, hypermobility, scoliosis, pectus excavatum and carinatum, pes planus, genu [bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com]

Spondyloepimetaphyseal Dysplasia Type Shohat

[…] dysplasia with severe genu valgum; spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, algerian type Related symptoms: Autosomal dominant inheritance Short stature Myopia Severe short stature [mendelian.co]

SPONDYLOMETAPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA, ALGERIAN TYPE Is also known as spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, schmidt type, spondylometaphyseal dysplasia with severe genu valgum;spondylometaphyseal [mendelian.co]

valgum, short long bones, and severe metaphyseal dysplasia with moderate spinal changes and minimal changes in the hands and feet. [mendelian.co]

Osteoarthritis

Structured Abstract Objectives: To update a previous report on the comparative benefits and harms of oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), acetaminophen, over-the-counter supplements (chondroitin and glucosamine), and topical agents (NSAIDs and rubefacients, including capsaicin) for osteoarthritis.[…] [web.archive.org]