Hematemesis: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for Hematemesis

Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage

[…] without hematemesis or coffee ground emesis could be separated out). [doi.org]

Melena was the presenting complaint in 95.06% (578/608) and hematemesis was present in 43.09% (262/608). Both hematemesis and melena were seen in 41.78% (254/608). [tropicalgastro.com]

Acute or overt gastrointestinal bleeding is visible in the form of hematemesis, melena or hematochezia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

In patients with gastrointestinal (GI) tract bleeding, the bleeding source is uncertain in the absence of hematemesis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

All of the emergency department visits by children ages 0 to 18 years who presented with hematemesis between 2000 and 2007 were reviewed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The clinical presentation features primarily hematemesis, melena, and epigastric pain. [symptoma.com]

Duodenal Ulcer

The authors present the case of a 5-y-old boy having hematemesis, gastric outlet obstruction and multiple duodenal ulcers. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The lesion was successfully cauterized with a bipolar gold probe, achieving hemostatic control. 75 year-old man with hematemesis and melena. [endoatlas.com]

The 69-year-old patient was transferred due to massive hematemesis, hypotension and loss of consciousness. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Mallory-Weiss Syndrome

Hematemesis did not recur after endoscopy. [journals.lww.com]

Hemoglobin, as well as hematocrit, should be monitored, especially in patients who reported severe hematemesis. [symptoma.com]

The syndrome presents with hematemesis. The laceration is sometimes referred to as a Mallory-Weiss tear. [en.wikipedia.org]

Esophageal Varices

We herein report a case of a 50-year-old male with hematemesis due to the rupture from esophageal varices coexisting with multiple liver tumors metastasizing from sigmoid [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We present a 62-year-old woman who was diagnosed with both achalasia and esophageal varices in December 2014 and had a past history of hematemesis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The clinical course of the patient was complicated by one episode of hematemesis without abdominal pain when the patient's PT was in therapeutic range. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Acute Gastritis

Results: One child had fever, 5 children abdominal pain, 6 children hematemesis, 3 melenas and 3 black feces. [actapediatrica.com]

Two days after admission to the ICU he develops severe hematemesis. What is the mechanism underlying the development of his hematemesis? [step1.medbullets.com]

Signs of mild to massive upper GI bleeding, including melena or 'coffee ground' hematemesis, may also arise. [pathwaymedicine.org]

Erosive Gastritis

A 3 1/2-month-old male infant presented with hematemesis due to erosive gastritis following whole-cow's-milk feeding. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Date: 1990 Abstract: A 3 1/2 -month-old male infant presented with hematemesis due to erosive gastritis following whole-cow's-milk feeding. [ugspace.ug.edu.gh]

[…] shock, acid/alkali ingestion as part of suicide attempts, gastric irradiation or freezing, mechanical trauma (nasogastric tube), distal gastrectomy Major cause of massive hematemesis [pathologyoutlines.com]

Gastric Leiomyoma

CASE REPORT Year : 2016 | Volume : 23 | Issue : 1 | Page : 49-51 Gastric leiomyoma presenting with massive hematemesis in a Nigerian 1 Consultant Gastroenterologist, ReMay [wajradiology.org]

Larger tumors are more prone to have associated ulcerations and thus cause bleeding, which can manifest clinically as hematemesis, melena, and iron-deficiency anemia. [radiopaedia.org]

A 67-years-old patient was admitted to our attention due to two episodes of hematemesis and melena occurred in the previous two days. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Esophageal Ulcer

Left: 70 year-old woman with hematemesis. Endoscopy demonstrated a long, deep benign distal esophageal ulcer. Right: 88 year-old woman with hematemesis. [endoatlas.com]

A 28-year-old male uremic patient had a sudden onset of hematemesis on hemodialysis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A 66-year-old man suffered massive hematemesis; he was diagnosed as having an aortoesophageal fistula due to an esophageal ulcer after examination by upper endoscopy, computed [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Gastric Leiomyosarcoma

We present here a rare case of gastric leiomyosarcoma revealed by a massive hematemesis in a young woman. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A 43-year-old Asian woman who was initially seen because of hematemesis later had a gastric leiomyosarcoma diagnosed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A 63-year-old woman, with 2 years' history of dizziness and weakness probably related to an anaemic syndrome, presented to the emergency room with hematemesis, melena and [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Corrosive Gastritis

A 59-year-old female with depressive tendencies was admitted suffering from hematemesis and abdominal pain, two hours after ingestion of an unknown amount of toilet bowl cleaner [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Presentation Severe epigastric pain with vomiting, and hematemesis after a suicide attempt with caustic ingestion. [radiopaedia.org]

Ten days later, he was admitted due to epigastric pain and hematemesis. [jstage.jst.go.jp]

Gastric Ulcer

We report the case of a 67 year old male who presented with a nine year history of a gastric ulcer with symptoms of hematemesis and melena. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A 1-year-old female toddler who was under a great amount of psychological stress presented with acute hematemesis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

She came to our emergency room 3 months later with hematemesis due to a large gastric ulcer, despite management with medication for over 3 months at a local clinic. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Gastric Varices

A 49-year-old woman with hepatitis C and peptic ulcer disease presented to the emergency department after an onset of sudden massive hematemesis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A 50-year-old female with a history of alcoholic liver disease was referred to our hospital because of hematemesis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Two patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension related to hepatitis infection were admitted to Shanghai Ruijin Hospital due to recurrent melena and hematemesis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Aortoduodenal Fistula

After the fistula was closed, the patient repeated hematemesis and anal bleeding. [jstage.jst.go.jp]

A 53-year-old female patient suffered from massive hematemesis and shock due to an iatrogenic aortoduodenal fistula which was made during a laparoscopic total colectomy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Symptoms of ADF consist of flank or abdominal pain, hematemesis, melena, and an abdominal mass. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cushing Ulcer

[…] after a meal may be relieved by vomiting; ingestion of food does not help, sometimes increases pain Vomiting common Hemorrhage more likely to occur than with duodenal ulcer; hematemesis [nsgmed.com]

[…] than gastric ulcers GASTRIC ULCER Hemorrhage more likely to occur than with duodenal ulcer; hematemesis more common than melena 24. [slideshare.net]

Dyspepsia : postprandial heaviness, early satiety, and gnawing, aching or burning epigastric pain Pain relief with antacids Potential signs of internal bleeding ( anemia, hematemesis [amboss.com]

Peptic Ulcer

In a recent report, nearly all AGF patients died of massive hemorrhage or aspiration of massive hematemesis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We present a case of a 52-year-old male patient who died from massive hematemesis as a result of perforation of a benign peptic ulcer into the descending thoracic aorta, 1 [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

He was referred to our hospital in a state of shock, with hematemesis. The bleeding site was not detected with studies of emergent endoscopy and angiography. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Chemical Esophagitis

CASE REPORT A 48-year-old man presented with hematemesis at the emergency department. [e-ce.org]

Nausea Vomiting, possibly even bloody vomit ( hematemesis ) Gastrointestinal chest pain – burning (heartburn), aching, sharp pain similar to cardiac chest pain Difficulty [healthhype.com]

The patient had progressive odynophagia and dysphagia, which markedly impaired her oral intake, and hematemesis. [nejm.org]

Portal Vein Thrombosis

After one month of anticoagulation therapy, the patient developed severe hematemesis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Patients with PVT most often present with nonspecific abdominal pain; fever, hematemesis, and weight loss are less common clinical presentations. [jaocr.org]

Extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO) patients were young and commonly presented with features of hematemesis, hypersplenism, pain abdomen and abdominal distension. [news-medical.net]

Acute Iron Poisoning

Stages of Iron Poisoning Stage Time Postingestion Description 1 Within 6 h Vomiting, hematemesis, explosive diarrhea, irritability, abdominal pain, lethargy If toxicity is [merckmanuals.com]

Severe vomiting associated with hematemesis are suggestive of intoxication. [actagastro.org]

GI toxicity includes vomiting, diarrhea, crampy abdominal pain, hematemesis, and melena due to direct mucosal corrosion. [clinicaladvisor.com]

Esophagitis

Hematemesis Hematemesis is seen in patients with Herpes simplex virus esophagitis. Hematemesis Hematemesis is seen in patients with Herpes simplex virus esophagitis. [medicaljoyworks.com]

A 52-yr-old man was admitted to the hospital with severe hematemesis and syncope. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Patients often present with retrosternal pain, odynophagia, and dysphagia, with abdominal pain and hematemesis being uncommon symptoms. [pharmacytimes.com]

Gastropathy

May cause hematemesis; usually insignificant bleeding. [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

RESULTS: Despite prophylactic acid suppressive therapy, upper GI bleeding findings were consistently present in high risk patients, 69.4% presenting hematemesis and 55.6% [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Besides, PHG is known to present as chest pain, with or without hematemesis. [journalrip.com]

Alcoholic Gastritis

Often, the first sign is hematemesis, melena, or blood in the nasogastric aspirate, usually within 2 to 5 days of the inciting event. [merckmanuals.com]

It can occasionally be severe enough to cause gastrointestinal bleeding with melena or hematemesis (see above). [gastrointestinalatlas.com]

Portal Hypertension

BACKGROUND Splenic arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is a rare cause of portal hypertension which may manifest with abdominal pain, diarrhea, ascites, and/or hematemesis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Patients present with sudden hematemesis and melena, as well as hypovolemic shock in some cases. [amboss.com]

A 62-year-old Brazilian man who lived in endemic areas of tropical diseases had an episode of hematemesis associated with portal hypertension. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Salicylate Poisoning

GI: Nausea Vomiting Epigastric pain Hematemesis Pulmonary: Tachypnea Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema CNS: Tinnitus Deafness Delirium Seizures Coma In suspected overdose settings [5minuteconsult.com]

Other manifestations of salicylate poisoning may include hyperthermia, acute renal failure, rhabdomyolysis, hematemesis, hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypernatremia, hypocalcemia [ic.steadyhealth.com]

In general, this should occur regardless of the dose reported (Grade D). 2) The presence of typical symptoms of salicylate toxicity such as hematemesis, tachypnea, hyperpnea [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Gastritis

[…] proton pump inhibitor use iatrogenic: forceful procedures including upper GI endoscopy and nasogastric tube insertion 2 Upper central abdominal pain (maybe severe), nausea, hematemesis [radiopaedia.org]

This bleeding can be in the form of a bloody vomit (hematemesis) or passing of black tarry stools (melaena). [myupchar.com]

[…] occasionally with vomiting, that may last 24 to 48 hours Distress that may appear as fatigue or restlessness Grimacing Loss of appetite Swollen abdomen Cramping Vomiting blood or hematemesis [healthcommunities.com]

Marburg Virus Disease

It features neurological symptoms, impaired mental status, hematemesis, bloody diarrhea, and bleeding from other sites. [symptoma.com]

Prevention vaccines are under development Prognosis high mortality rate Presentation Symptoms flu-like symptoms high fever myalgia headache nausea and vomiting may have hematemesis [medbullets.com]

On 13 July, he developed confusion, seizures, hematemesis, and hematochezia, and died later that day. [doi.org]

Gastric Carcinoma

In the presence of larger tumors that obstruct normal passage of food or impair normal stomach function, nausea, vomiting, and early satiety might be reported, whereas hematemesis [symptoma.com]

Case 1 in an 11-year-old girl presented with hematemesis. A gastroscopic examination was performed, and a pathological diagnosis of signet ring cell carcinoma was made. [ci.nii.ac.jp]

Stomach Perforation

Symptoms of a gastrointestinal ulceration can be abdominal pain, hematemesis, melena, weight loss. Rarely, an ulcer can lead to a gastric or duodenal perforation. [akspublication.com]

Gastrointestinal perforation results in severe abdominal pain intensified by movement, nausea, vomiting and hematemesis. [en.wikipedia.org]

Abdominal pain was the most common symptom complained by the deceased (23.8%), followed by hematemesis and vomiting, in equal percentages (14.3%) ( Figure 6 ). [akspublication.com]

Bleeding Diathesis

Results: A total of 92 children up to the age of 14 years were taken up for study, of which, maximum cases with bleeding presented with hematemesis (23.9%) followed by melena [atharvapub.net]

Signs: Abnormal Bleeding (multiple sites) Nasopharynx Epistaxis Bleeding Gums Gastrointestinal Hematemesis Melana Gynecologic Menorrhagia Postpartum Hemorrhage Musculoskeletal [fpnotebook.com]

A 40-year-old woman with epistaxis, hematemesis, and altered mental status. Martha E Laposata, Elizabeth M. Van Cott, Michael H. [semanticscholar.org]

Esophageal Burn

Radiation proctitis Proctalgia fugax Rectal prolapse Anismus Anal canal Anal fissure / Anal fistula Anal abscess Hemorrhoid Anal dysplasia Pruritus ani GI bleeding / BIS Upper Hematemesis [en.wikipedia.org]

Local complications: (1) bleeding: a few days after taking poison can occur a small amount of hematemesis, but a large number of bleeding caused by necrotic tissue shedding [healthfrom.com]

Patients can also present with drooling, retrosternal or abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, hematemesis, and odynophagia. [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]