Hematemesis: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for hematemesis

Esophagitis

Hematemesis Hematemesis is seen in patients with Herpes simplex virus esophagitis. Hematemesis Hematemesis is seen in patients with Herpes simplex virus esophagitis. [medicaljoyworks.com]

A 52-yr-old man was admitted to the hospital with severe hematemesis and syncope. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Patients often present with retrosternal pain, odynophagia, and dysphagia, with abdominal pain and hematemesis being uncommon symptoms. [pharmacytimes.com]

Gastritis

[…] proton pump inhibitor use iatrogenic: forceful procedures including upper GI endoscopy and nasogastric tube insertion 2 Upper central abdominal pain (maybe severe), nausea, hematemesis [radiopaedia.org]

This bleeding can be in the form of a bloody vomit (hematemesis) or passing of black tarry stools (melaena). [myupchar.com]

[…] occasionally with vomiting, that may last 24 to 48 hours Distress that may appear as fatigue or restlessness Grimacing Loss of appetite Swollen abdomen Cramping Vomiting blood or hematemesis [healthcommunities.com]

Thrombocytopenia

Hemoptysis, hematemesis, hematuria, hematochezia, and melena are rarely the initial symptoms of a bleeding disorder. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Duodenal Ulcer

The authors present the case of a 5-y-old boy having hematemesis, gastric outlet obstruction and multiple duodenal ulcers. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The 69-year-old patient was transferred due to massive hematemesis, hypotension and loss of consciousness. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The lesion was successfully cauterized with a bipolar gold probe, achieving hemostatic control. 75 year-old man with hematemesis and melena. [endoatlas.com]

Acute Gastritis

Signs of mild to massive upper GI bleeding, including melena or 'coffee ground' hematemesis, may also arise. [pathwaymedicine.org]

[…] nausea and vomiting May be accompanied by local hemorrhage or mucosal sloughing Severe erosive disease may cause acute GI bleed, acute gastric ulcer Major cause of massive hematemesis [pathologyoutlines.com]

Gastric Ulcer

We report the case of a 67 year old male who presented with a nine year history of a gastric ulcer with symptoms of hematemesis and melena. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A 1-year-old female toddler who was under a great amount of psychological stress presented with acute hematemesis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

She came to our emergency room 3 months later with hematemesis due to a large gastric ulcer, despite management with medication for over 3 months at a local clinic. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage

[…] without hematemesis or coffee ground emesis could be separated out). [doi.org]

Following recovery from an episode of acute rejection, the patient presented with large volume hematemesis, melena, and hemochezia (passage of fresh blood from the rectum) [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We report the case of a 61-year-old woman, who was admitted to our institution with hematemesis and melena. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

In patients with gastrointestinal (GI) tract bleeding, the bleeding source is uncertain in the absence of hematemesis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

All of the emergency department visits by children ages 0 to 18 years who presented with hematemesis between 2000 and 2007 were reviewed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The clinical presentation features primarily hematemesis, melena, and epigastric pain. [symptoma.com]

Liver Cirrhosis

The child presented with complaints of malena, hematemesis and variceal bleed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We are of the opinion that airway protection at emergency endoscopy is extremely important in patients with suspected variceal bleeding, who present with hematemesis, and [dx.doi.org]

Erosive Gastritis

A 3 1/2-month-old male infant presented with hematemesis due to erosive gastritis following whole-cow's-milk feeding. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Date: 1990 Abstract: A 3 1/2 -month-old male infant presented with hematemesis due to erosive gastritis following whole-cow's-milk feeding. [ugspace.ug.edu.gh]

[…] shock, acid/alkali ingestion as part of suicide attempts, gastric irradiation or freezing, mechanical trauma (nasogastric tube), distal gastrectomy Major cause of massive hematemesis [pathologyoutlines.com]

Chronic Kidney Insufficiency

Abstract Anemia is a major problem in patients with chronic kidney insufficiency. The development of recombinant human erythropoietin has enabled physicians to correct this anemia. Although anemia has not been considered to be a common or important contributor to congestive heart failure, anemia of any cause can[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Esophageal Varices

We herein report a case of a 50-year-old male with hematemesis due to the rupture from esophageal varices coexisting with multiple liver tumors metastasizing from sigmoid [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We present a 62-year-old woman who was diagnosed with both achalasia and esophageal varices in December 2014 and had a past history of hematemesis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The clinical course of the patient was complicated by one episode of hematemesis without abdominal pain when the patient's PT was in therapeutic range. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Gastropathy

RESULTS: Despite prophylactic acid suppressive therapy, upper GI bleeding findings were consistently present in high risk patients, 69.4% presenting hematemesis and 55.6% [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

May cause hematemesis; usually insignificant bleeding. [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

Besides, PHG is known to present as chest pain, with or without hematemesis. [journalrip.com]

Mallory-Weiss Syndrome

Abstract The Mallory-Weiss syndrome is characterized by repeated bouts of retching and/or vomiting followed by the sudden onset of hematemesis or melena. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hematemesis did not recur after endoscopy. [journals.lww.com]

We report hematemesis from Mallory-Weiss tears after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Alcoholic Gastritis

Often, the first sign is hematemesis, melena, or blood in the nasogastric aspirate, usually within 2 to 5 days of the inciting event. [merckmanuals.com]

It can occasionally be severe enough to cause gastrointestinal bleeding with melena or hematemesis (see above). [gastrointestinalatlas.com]

Diaphragmatic Hernia

Incisional - Femoral Obturator hernia - Spigelian hernia Peritoneal Peritonitis ( Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis ) - Hemoperitoneum - Pneumoperitoneum نزيف معدي معوي Upper ( Hematemesis [marefa.org]

Esophageal Ulcer

A 28-year-old male uremic patient had a sudden onset of hematemesis on hemodialysis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A 66-year-old man suffered massive hematemesis; he was diagnosed as having an aortoesophageal fistula due to an esophageal ulcer after examination by upper endoscopy, computed [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Left: 70 year-old woman with hematemesis. Endoscopy demonstrated a long, deep benign distal esophageal ulcer. Right: 88 year-old woman with hematemesis. [endoatlas.com]

Cushing Ulcer

[…] after a meal may be relieved by vomiting; ingestion of food does not help, sometimes increases pain Vomiting common Hemorrhage more likely to occur than with duodenal ulcer; hematemesis [nsgmed.com]

[…] than gastric ulcers GASTRIC ULCER Hemorrhage more likely to occur than with duodenal ulcer; hematemesis more common than melena 24. [slideshare.net]

Dyspepsia : postprandial heaviness, early satiety, and gnawing, aching or burning epigastric pain Pain relief with antacids Potential signs of internal bleeding ( anemia, hematemesis [amboss.com]

Leiomyosarcoma

The tumors may cause bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract and cause black, tarry, foul-smelling stools (melena), or vomiting of blood (hematemesis) or abdominal discomforts [rarediseases.org]

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

References: [3] [4] Clinical features Bleeding manifestations Petechiae, purpura, ecchymoses Oozing of blood from surgical wounds, intravenous lines Hematuria Hematemesis, [amboss.com]

Scarlet Fever

Two cases of scarlet fever are described, both following super-infection of chickenpox. Enterotoxin B and C producing staphylococci were the only pathogens identified. The role of staphylococcal and streptococcal toxins in the pathogenesis of scarlet fever and toxic shock syndrome is discussed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Corrosive Gastritis

A 59-year-old female with depressive tendencies was admitted suffering from hematemesis and abdominal pain, two hours after ingestion of an unknown amount of toilet bowl cleaner [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Presentation Severe epigastric pain with vomiting, and hematemesis after a suicide attempt with caustic ingestion. [radiopaedia.org]

Ten days later, he was admitted due to epigastric pain and hematemesis. [jstage.jst.go.jp]

Hemophilia

[…] involvement include: • Fever • Abdominal distention and pain • Melena (bloody stool) • Hip flexion contracture (iliopsoas muscle spasm due to retroperitoneal hemorrhage) • Hematemesis [physio-pedia.com]

[…] cracking, warmth, pain, stiffness, and refusal to use joint (children) CNS: Headache, stiff neck, vomiting, lethargy, irritability, and spinal cord syndromes Gastrointestinal: Hematemesis [emedicine.com]

Stomach Perforation

Symptoms of a gastrointestinal ulceration can be abdominal pain, hematemesis, melena, weight loss. Rarely, an ulcer can lead to a gastric or duodenal perforation. [akspublication.com]

Gastrointestinal perforation results in severe abdominal pain intensified by movement, nausea, vomiting and hematemesis. [en.wikipedia.org]

Abdominal pain was the most common symptom complained by the deceased (23.8%), followed by hematemesis and vomiting, in equal percentages (14.3%) ( Figure 6 ). [akspublication.com]

Malignant Neoplasm of the Stomach

Case 1 in an 11-year-old girl presented with hematemesis. A gastroscopic examination was performed, and a pathological diagnosis of signet ring cell carcinoma was made. [ci.nii.ac.jp]

[…] loss Chronic iron deficiency anemia; (paleness, fatigue, headaches) Gastrointestinal signs Abdominal pain Early satiety Nausea or vomiting Dysphagia Acute gastric bleeding (hematemesis [amboss.com]

[…] of difficult or painful swallowing (i.e. dysphagia, odynophagia) Heartburn Retrosternal discomfort or pain Nausea, vomiting Fever, sepsis Abdominal pain Epigastric pain Hematemesis [physio-pedia.com]

Primary Immune Deficiency Disorder

[…] dysplasias Thymic defects: DiGeorge syndrome Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: average age at diagnosis is 21 months, bleeding in the first three years of life (28% of patients have hematemesis [aafp.org]

Gastric Cancer

In the presence of larger tumors that obstruct normal passage of food or impair normal stomach function, nausea, vomiting, and early satiety might be reported, whereas hematemesis [symptoma.com]

Case 1 in an 11-year-old girl presented with hematemesis. A gastroscopic examination was performed, and a pathological diagnosis of signet ring cell carcinoma was made. [ci.nii.ac.jp]

Stomach Abscess

[…] tolerance耐糖性 graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)移植片対宿主病 gram-negative bacilli グラム陰性桿菌 greater curvature大彎 h hamartoma過誤腫 heartburn胸やけ Helicobacter pylori ヘリコバクターピロリ hemangioma血管腫 hematemesis [tokyo-med.ac.jp]

Gastric Leiomyoma

CASE REPORT Year : 2016 Volume : 23 Issue : 1 Page : 49-51 Gastric leiomyoma presenting with massive hematemesis in a Nigerian 1 Consultant Gastroenterologist, ReMay Consultancy [wajradiology.org]

A 67-years-old patient was admitted to our attention due to two episodes of hematemesis and melena occurred in the previous two days. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

As the patient had suffered three attacks of hematemesis, two of which had been so severe as to reduce him to a state of shock, exploration [jamanetwork.com]

Gastric Adenocarcinoma

A 13-year-old boy presented with complaints of abdominal pain, hematemesis, headache, and leg pain. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A 55-year-old male presented with upper abdominal bloating followed by modest hematemesis that led to the diagnosis of an ulcerated poorly differentiated (with signet ring [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

With increasing progression, bleeding occurs, and the blood is expelled as hematemesis, melena or hematochezia. [symptoma.com]