Hepatomegaly: Causes & Reasons

Possible Causes for Hepatomegaly

PERIPHERAL EDEMA 3. hepatic congestion 4. altered tricuspid and pulmonic valve sounds 5. hepatomegaly 6. jugular distension. what is diagnosis of cor pulmonale chornic depend [quizlet.com]

Findings include peripheral edema, neck vein distention, hepatomegaly, and a parasternal lift. Diagnosis is clinical and by echocardiography. [msdmanuals.com]

[…] rhythm (3rd [S 3 ] and 4th [S 4 ] heart sounds) augmented during inspiration, distended jugular veins (with a dominant a wave unless tricuspid regurgitation is present), hepatomegaly [merckmanuals.com]

Hemochromatosis

Liver abnormalities associated with classic hereditary hemochromatosis include hepatomegaly, and scarring of the liver (cirrhosis), high blood pressure of the branches of [rarediseases.org]

Among organ-related symptoms, hepatomegaly is seen in more than 95% of patients and can be accompanied by signs of chronic liver disease, such as abdominal pain and cutaneous [emedicine.medscape.com]

Asymptomatic patients with incidental elevated LFT, ferritin, or hepatomegaly. Early onset arthralgia, atypical arthropathy. [newcastle-hospitals.org.uk]

Chronic Right-Sided Congestive Heart Failure

Right sided heart failure Right sided heart failure Right sided heart failure Right sided heart failure Anasarca (massive generalized body edema) Right sided heart failure Hepatomegaly [quizlet.com]

Abdominal examination elicited pain during superficial palpation on the right upper quadrant with hepatomegaly identification, with no signs of ascites. [austinpublishinggroup.com]

Hepatomegaly - Centrilobular congestion and atrophy of central hepatocytes (nutmeg liver). [histopathology-india.net]

Cholestatic Jaundice

Hard & nodular hepatomegaly – ? metastatic malignancy. 6. [slideshare.net]

Examination revealed hepatomegaly and ascites. Laboratory investigations revealed hyperbilirubinemia with cholestasis. [elsevier.es]

[…] congenital anomalies of the bile duct) Pancreatitis Fever with Abdominal Pain Gallstones Choledochal cyst Stricture Abdominal Mass Pancreatitis Choledochal cyst Liver cancer Hepatomegaly [healthhype.com]

Constrictive Pericarditis

Examination revealed raised jugular venous pressure (JVP), pitting pedal oedema, muffled heart sounds, bilateral pleural effusion and hepatomegaly. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Most impressive physical findings are often the insidious development of ascites of hepatomegaly and ascites, such patients are often mistakenly thought to suffer from hepatic [learningradiology.com]

[…] of the filling of all heart chambers Signs and Symptoms Reduced cardiac output Fatigue Hypotension Tachycardia Elevated systemic venous pressure Jugular venous distension Hepatomegaly [learningradiology.com]

Congenital Hepatic Fibrosis

Hepatomegaly was present in all patients and splenomegaly in all but one. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The age at presentation ranged from 1.8-14 years (mean: 7.5 years); clinical manifestations at diagnosis were splenomegaly (12), hepatomegaly (11), failure to thrive (10), [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Firm or hard hepatomegaly is present nearly in all patients, often with a prominent left lobe, and this is usually one of the presenting signs. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Portal Cirrhosis

The presence of this triad in a patient with unexplained hepatomegaly is indicative of portal cirrhosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The liver becomes large, even huge (hepatomegaly). The normal liver weighs about 1,200 grams (2.6 lb). [en.wikipedia.org]

Infectious Mononucleosis

The patient showed severe hepatomegaly incidentally, and dual positivity of Immunoglobulin (Ig) M to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) viral capsid antigen (VCA) and cytomegalovirus [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hepatomegaly Hepatomegaly is found in some patients, it is associated with deranged liver functions and intra hepatic cholestasis. [medicaljoyworks.com]

[…] splenomegaly possible splenic rupture splenic infarction has been reported 3 generalized lymphadenopathy, including cervical lymphadenopathy tonsillar enlargement possible hepatomegaly [radiopaedia.org]

Primary Myelofibrosis

The patient, a 62-year-old female, having had primary myelofibrosis for 13 years and a splenectomy 4 years before, was admitted because of high fever, hepatomegaly, thrombocythemia [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] manifestations depend on the type of blood cell affected and may include anemia, pallor, splenomegaly, hypermetabolic state, petechiae, ecchymosis, bleeding, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly [orpha.net]

Involved field radiotherapy is most useful for post-splenectomy hepatomegaly, non-hepatosplenic EMH, PMF-associated pulmonary hypertension, and extremity bone pain. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hepatic Sarcoidosis

Clinical presentation was with weight loss, hepatomegaly and abnormal liver function tests. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hepatomegaly was observed in all patients as well as abnormal serum liver function test reflected by anicteric cholestasis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

About half of patients had abnormal imaging study with hypodense nodular lesions being the most common abnormality (six patients) followed by hepatomegaly (three patients) [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and sore throat are also common. [slideshare.net]

Other characteristic manifestations include a prodromal sore throat, arthralgias, myalgias, weight loss, serositis, hepatomegaly (often with elevated hepatic enzymes), splenomegaly [rheumnow.com]

Minor criteria may include sore throat, lymphadenopathy, negative rheumatoid factor, abnormal liver function tests, hepatomegaly or splenomegaly. [press.mu-varna.bg]

Hepatosplenic Lymphoma

It occurs mainly in young adults presenting with splenomegaly and most often with hepatomegaly but without lymphadenopathy. [bloodjournal.org]

CM Codes (U.S. only) C86.1 Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (effective October 01, 2015) Signs and Symptoms Anemia Drenching night sweats Fatigue Fever (for no known reason) Hepatomegaly [seer.cancer.gov]

Infantile-Onset Pompe Disease

Her abdomen was not tender, but she had mild hepatomegaly and reduced muscle tone in all four limbs. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cardiomyopathy Myopathy Elevated levels of CK Peroxisomal disorders Hypotonia Enlarged liver (hepatomegaly) CK: Creatine kinase; IOPD: Infantile-onset Pompe disease Consensus [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In addition, infant B had tall QRS complexes on the ECG and non-specific hepatomegaly on the abdominal ultrasound scan. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Adult-Onset Still Disease

Elevated acute-phase reactants: elevated ESR, CRP, white count, and hyperferritinemia (69-97% of patients) -Other findings that may be found include: myalgia, sore throat, hepatomegaly [utswim.wordpress.com]

Liver involvement was observed in all cases, with hepatomegaly in 81.3%, increased liver enzymes in 50.0%, and hypergammaglobulinemia in 68.8%. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

AOSD patients with RHS showed significantly higher frequencies of splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and lymphadenopathy than did those without RHS. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hereditary Fructose Intolerance

He presented with episodic unconsciousness, seizures, hypoglycemia, hepatomegaly and abnormal liver function. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The most frequent clinical findings were hepatomegaly (18X), pallor (14X), haemorrhages (13X). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Herein we report on a case of hereditary fructose intolerance with initial presentation of episodic unconsciousness, seizure, hypoglycemia, hepatomegaly, and abnormal liver [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Giant Cell Hepatitis

30% of neonatal cholestasis due to increased ability to detect and diagnose metabolic and genetic disorders previously considered idiopathic Clinical Issues • Jaundice • Hepatomegaly [basicmedicalkey.com]

Few cases of children with HIDS presenting with hepatomegaly and hepatitis have been described. [hindawi.com]

The hepatitis group had the highest frequencies of high-grade hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. Fifty six cases completely recovered. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Glycogen Storage Disease

They were ultimately found to have hepatomegaly, fasting hypoglycemia, mild elevation of transaminases and ketosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

 Enzyme deficiency: Amylo a-1,6-glucosidase (debranching enzyme)  Organs affected - Liver (Hepatomegaly), muscle, Heart, leucocytes  Branched chain glycogen accumulates [slideshare.net]

Disorder of glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis, typically presenting in infancy with hypoglycaemia, hyperlacticacidaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia, and hepatomegaly. [bestpractice.bmj.com]

Glycogen Storage Disease Type 1

The syndrome results in hepatomegaly secondary to glycogen accumulation, glucose and galactose intolerance, fasting hypoglycaemia, a characteristic proximal tubular nephropathy [en.wikipedia.org]

Abstract A male child presented at 5 months of age with vomiting, diarrhoea, hypoglycaemia and hepatomegaly. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Most patients have the typical combination of clinical symptoms: hepatomegaly secondary to glycogen accumulation, glucose and galactose intolerance, fasting hypoglycemia, [doi.org]

Glycogen Storage Disease Type 4

Patients can be given appropriate diet to reduce hepatomegaly and cirrhosis and complications can be delayed. [symptoma.com]

Glycogen Disease of the Liver Leads to hepatomegaly Types: 1, 3, 4, 6 Glycogen Disease of the Muscle Exercise intolerance and muscle weakness Types: 5 and 7 Glycogen storage [quizlet.com]

Presentation Suspect in infants and children with growth restriction, hypoglycaemia and hepatomegaly. [patient.info]

Pompe Disease

Infants with this disorder typically experience muscle weakness (myopathy), poor muscle tone (hypotonia), an enlarged liver (hepatomegaly), and heart defects. [ghr.nlm.nih.gov]

His brother also had hepatomegaly and elevated liver enzyme. [repository.ajou.ac.kr]

In type IX, a deficiency in liver phosphorylase kinase results in marked hepatomegaly, which may disappear in early adulthood. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Cholesterol Ester Storage Disease

Increased levels of cholesterol and hepatomegaly were the first findings. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Because of persistent hepatomegaly, she was referred to the liver clinic. [hindawi.com]

PMID: 26225414 Cholesterol ester storage disease with a novel LIPA mutation (L264P) that presented massive hepatomegaly: A case report. [bredagenetics.com]

Wolman Disease

PMID: 26225414 Cholesterol ester storage disease with a novel LIPA mutation (L264P) that presented massive hepatomegaly: A case report. [bredagenetics.com]

Hepatomegaly and/or elevation of liver transaminases are almost always present. Hepatic steatosis often leads to fibrosis and cirrhosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Isolated hepatomegaly and a hypercholesterolemia IIb pattern can be the presenting signs. Hepatic fibrosis with unpredictable progression to frank cirrhosis can occur. [ommbid.mhmedical.com]

Glycogen Storage Disease Type 6

Hepatomegaly and hypoglycemia are common consequences, although the symptoms are usually mild. [symptoma.com]

Hepatomegaly usually improves with age and disappears entirely at puberty. [orpha.net]

Findings from imaging studies may reveal hepatomegaly. Liver biopsy may be required to diagnose the cause of hepatomegaly. [emedicine.com]

Glycogen Storage Disease Type 3

Reaction catalyzed by glycogen debranching enzyme Deficiency in glycogen debranching activity causes hepatomegaly, ketotic hypoglycemia, hyperlipidemia, variable skeletal [themedicalbiochemistrypage.org]

Hepatomegaly and growth retardation are other common features. [symptoma.com]

Despite marked hepatomegaly, the liver transaminase levels are usually normal or only slightly elevated. [journals.lww.com]

Juvenile Seronegative Polyarthritis

Individuals with systemic arthritis may also have a skin rash or enlargement of the lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy), liver (hepatomegaly), or spleen (splenomegaly).Oligoarticular [icdlist.com]

Still's Disease) High daily Relapsing Fever >39 degrees persists over 2 weeks (most distinguishes this type from others) Polyarticular involvement with >4 joints involved Hepatomegaly [fpnotebook.com]

Abdominal examination - may reveal evidence of hepatomegaly and/or splenomegaly. Examine other systems as indicated by the history and clinical hypotheses. [patient.info]

Passive Congestion of the Liver

However, moderate congestion causes right upper quadrant discomfort (due to stretching of the liver capsule) and tender hepatomegaly. [merckmanuals.com]

Mild right upper quadrant abdominal pain has been reported to be the result of hepatomegaly and stretching of the hepatic Glisson capsule 1. [radiopaedia.org]

[…] inferior vena cava (IVC) and hepatic veins (HVs) Heterogeneous, mottled, reticulated, mosaic hepatic parenchymal pattern Periportal low attenuation (perivascular lymphedema) Hepatomegaly [radiologykey.com]

Cardiac Cirrhosis

Hepatomegaly Hepatomegaly is common, usually presenting as a firm, hard liver. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Congestive hepatopathy is suspected in patients who have right-sided heart failure, jaundice, and tender hepatomegaly. [merckmanuals.com]

However, moderate congestion causes right upper quadrant discomfort (due to stretching of the liver capsule) and tender hepatomegaly. [merckmanuals.com]

Congenital Generalized Lipodystrophy

We report a case of α 14 years old mediterranean female, affected by SBLD with a lack of subcutaneous fat, hyperlipidemia and hepatomegaly, impaired glucose tolerance and [moh-it.pure.elsevier.com]

The diagnosis is made on the basis of loss of body fat, muscular hypertrophy, acanthosis nigricans, hirsutism, hepatomegaly with fatty liver, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The diagnosis is made on the basis of lack of body fat, muscular hypertrophy, acanthosis nigricans, hirsutism, hepatomegaly with fatty liver, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Alcoholic Liver Disease

This diagnosis was based on marked hepatomegaly, caudate lobe hypertrophy and failure to visualize hepatic veins by Doppler-ultrasound examination. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

At the time of biopsy, hepatomegaly and raised serum transaminases were present as well as neurologic and growth defects and the typical facial anomalies seen in this syndrome [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Initial stages of ALD may be asymptomatic apart from hepatomegaly and slightly elevated liver function tests. [symptoma.com]

Mucopolysaccharidosis Type 2

The phenotype of the patient was severe, including joint stiffness, kyphosis, hepatomegaly, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, moderate mental retardation, and bilateral hearing [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Individuals with this disorder may experience the following signs: abnormal retina, heart murmur and leaky heart valves, enlarged liver (hepatomegaly) enlarged spleen (splenomegaly [secure.ssa.gov]

Protuberant abdomen Diarrhea Short stature Skeletal deformities Joint stiffness Inguinal or umbilical hernia Developmental delay Intellectual disability Hyperactivity Seizures Hepatomegaly [symptoma.com]