Heterogeneity: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for Heterogeneity

Russell-Silver Syndrome

Clinical presentation is heterogeneous in RSS patients with 11p15 ICR1 hypomethylation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The case is another illustration of the genetic heterogeneity of Russell-Silver phenotype. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

It is suggested that the Russell-Silver syndrome is heterogeneous and that the criteria for its diagnosis need re-evaluation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Common Cold

The very high heterogeneity means that the averaged estimates must be viewed with caution. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Heterogeneity was evaluated using the I 2 statistic. When substantial heterogeneity was found ( I 2 ≥ 40%), subgroup analyses were performed. [dx.doi.org]

In addition, we aimed to identify potential sources of heterogeneity in results obtained and to assess their clinical significance. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Again, results were heterogenous (I2 = 59%). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Bronchoscopic thermal vapour ablation therapy in the management of heterogeneous emphysema. [doi.org]

Again, results were heterogenous (I 2 = 59%). [doi.org]

Bronchial Asthma

Both the Q and I2 statistics indicated a moderate amount of heterogeneity. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Heterogeneity between the studies was investigated using I 2 [ 25 ]. If heterogeneity was >50%, it was rated as substantial. [doi.org]

Asthma is a complex disorder that displays heterogeneity and variability in its clinical expression both acutely and chronically. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Heterogeneity was also quantified with I 2 ( Higgins 2002 ), where I 2 values of 50% and more indicate a substantial level of heterogeneity ( Higgins 2003 ). [dx.doi.org]

Heterogeneity was tested for using the Z score and the I-squared statistic. Subgroup, sensitivity analysis and meta-regression were used to explore heterogeneity. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Assessment of heterogeneity In the event of substantial clinical, methodological or statistical heterogeneity, study results were not combined in meta‐analysis. [dx.doi.org]

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

We detected no heterogeneity in the results. [doi.org]

Significant phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity was observed both within and between families. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Because of the heterogeneity among studies, some summarized results should be interpreted with caution. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Osteoarthritis

The combined ES in glucosamine hydrochloride (GH) trials was -0.03 (95% CI -0.14, 0.08), with an absence of heterogeneity. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Due to the heterogeneity of the studies, we were unable to perform a best evidence synthesis. However we have provided summaries for each section. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

An I 2 statistic of 0% indicated a low degree of between‐trial heterogeneity (P for heterogeneity = 0.96). [doi.org]

Thyroid Lymphoma

And the heterogeneous enhancement pattern is also helpful for detecting necrosis areas of PTL. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

All the MALT patients had diffuse heterogeneous hypoechoic parenchyma in sonography, but only one of them with diffuse large B cell lymphomas had diffuse heterogeneous hypoechoic [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The observations in diffuse group included goiter (10/10, 100.0%), marked echogenesity (10/10, 100.0%), heterogeneous echotexture (10/10, 100.0%), and cervical lymphadenopathy [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Generalized Epilepsy with Febrile Seizures Plus

Abstract Generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+) is a recently recognized but relatively common form of inherited childhood-onset epilepsy with heterogeneous [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract Generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS(+)) is an important childhood genetic epilepsy syndrome with heterogeneous phenotypes, including febrile seizures [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This locus is the second GEFS+ locus to be reported, which suggests that this syndrome is genetically heterogeneous. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Benign Ovarian Neoplasm

T2 signal, and heterogeneous enhancement (Table 2). [ajronline.org]

After paramagnetic contrast administration it has only mild, diffuse and slight heterogeneous enhancement (less than myometrium) (Figs. 2e-f). [eurorad.org]

T2 signal (p = 0.001), and heterogeneous enhancement (p = 0.005). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Benign Adult Familial Myoclonic Epilepsy

This observation would confirm that BAFME is a worldwide, genetically heterogeneous condition, probably with Japanese families linked to 8q24 and European families to 2p11.1 [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Our observation confirms the existence of non-Japanese BAMFE families and the genetic heterogeneity of this syndrome. [moh-it.pure.elsevier.com]

Our observation confirms the existence of non-Japanese BAMFE families and the genetic heterogeneity of this syndrome.", keywords = "Cortical Tremor, Genetics, Myoclonic Epilepsy [moh-it.pure.elsevier.com]

Plasmablastic Lymphoma

The PBL-T tumor was genetically heterogeneous, despite being histologically quite homogeneous PBL. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Laboratory studies showed abnormal liver functions, and abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a 76-mm heterogeneous mass in the liver. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Because of its rarity and heterogeneous presentations, PBL could easily be overlooked clinically and pathologically in immunocompetent patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Breast Fibroadenolipoma

The most common sonographic findings of the hamartomas were an oval shape (16/16), circumscribed margins (10/16), heterogeneous internal echogenicity (14/16), echogenic (7 [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Of the 36 hamartomas, 30 (83.3%) had heterogeneous echogenicity and 28 (77.8%) displayed no changes in posterior echogenicity. [cancerjournal.net]

Sagittal dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI showed strong heterogeneous multilobular enhancing masses that resembled orange slices. [jbd.or.kr]

Prostate Sarcoma

CONCLUSIONS: Adult prostate sarcoma was characteristically shown to be a large and heterogeneous mass with rapid, hypervascular and heterogeneous enhancement on CT and MRI [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Conclusions Adult prostate sarcoma was characteristically shown to be a large and heterogeneous mass with rapid, hypervascular and heterogeneous enhancement on CT and MRI. [clinicalradiologyonline.net]

[…] low signal intensity on T1 weighted imaging and heterogenous high signal intensity on T2 weighted imaging (Oncol Lett 2016;11:2542) Radiology images Images hosted on other [pathologyoutlines.com]

Pancreatoblastoma

All of the tumours had heterogeneous enhancement on CT and MR images. Pancreatoblastoma is a rare primary tumour of the pancreas. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Most had well-defined margins (nine of 10), were heterogeneous (nine of 10), and enhanced (10 of 10). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pancreatoblastomas are malignant epithelial neoplasms of the pancreas that are heterogeneous and have variable cellular differentiation, complicating the diagnosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hibernoma

MRI revealed that the lesion was heterogeneously hyperintense on T1W (lower in intensity than subcutaneous fat) and heterogeneously hypointense on fat-saturated T2W and STIR [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

On ultrasound, there was an ill-defined large heterogenous mass with increased vascularity seen posterior and superior to the uterus, with poor demarcation from the uterus [ijri.org]

Hibernomas are rare heterogeneous fatty tumors arising from brown fat precursors. Intrathoracic hibernomas are extremely rare. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Dilated Cardiomyopathy Type 3B

An increasing body of evidences has indicated that DCM is a highly heterogeneous disease and its genetic trait is causative to the development of the familial cases. [hub.hku.hk]

Log out Cancel Abstract and Introduction Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a heterogeneous disorder that is familial in approximately 30% of cases. [medscape.com]

Rare diseases Search Search for a rare disease Familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy Disease definition Familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy is a rare, genetically heterogeneous [orpha.net]

Suprasellar Tumor

Macroscopically, they appear as heterogeneous solid-cystic masses. [healio.com]

Presence of a high signal intensity component on T1-weighted images, cyst formation with macrocystic predominance, irregular, heterogeneous solid portion, and smooth ring [karger.com]

For example, craniopharyngioma adherence is a heterogeneous pathologic feature that may critically influence radical resection. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy Type 8

The Orphanet rare disease nomenclature is comprised of a heterogeneous typology of entities of decreasing extension, including: groups of disorders, disorders, sub-types. [orpha.net]

Homogeneity and heterogeneity lod scores are shown. [jmg.bmj.com]

In spite of this remarkable allelic heterogeneity, the R241stop EPM2A mutation was found in approximately 40% of the Lafora disease patients. [nature.com]

Short QT Syndrome Type 1

Two further gain-of-function mutations in KvLQT1 and KCNJ2 confirmed genetic heterogeneity in this syndrome. [doi.org]

Vol 20, No 5 (2013) Review articles Published online: 2013-09-24 Abstract Congenital or familial short QT syndrome is a genetically heterogeneous cardiac channelopathy without [journals.viamedica.pl]

Because of the heterogeneous distribution of ion currents within the heart, 26 we speculate that the AP shortening in SQTS is heterogeneous, leading to accentuation of dispersion [dx.doi.org]

Omental Infarction

[…] fat density lesion with rim enhancement); type 3 (well-defined heterogeneous lesion with fat component); and type 4 (well-defined heterogeneous lesion without a fat component [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The patients presented with lower abdominal pain, fever, and leukocytosis, and they exhibited a poorly defined heterogeneous low-attenuated mass containing fat in the anterior [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

CONCLUSION: In pediatric patients with omental infarction, both CT and sonography show a heterogeneous mass characteristically situated between the anterior abdominal wall [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Familial Infantile Myoclonic Epilepsy

Benign familial infantile convulsions: report of a UK family and confirmation of genetic heterogeneity D BARALLE *, A M DEARLOVE †, R BEACH ‡, C FFRENCH-CONSTANT *, E REID [jmg.bmj.com]

Benign familial infantile convulsions: report of a UK family and confirmation of genetic heterogeneity D BARALLE*, A M DEARLOVE†, R BEACH‡, C FFRENCH-CONSTANT*, E REID* *Department [jmg.bmj.com]

This study extends the phenotypic heterogeneity of mutations in SCN1A to include IS. Received January 13, 2003. Accepted May 29, 2003. [neurology.org]

Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy Type 7

Homogeneity and heterogeneity lod scores are shown. [jmg.bmj.com]

It is a heterogenous group of epilepsy syndromes associated with seizure, myoclonus, and progressive neurologic decline. [thieme-connect.com]

Epilepsy is a group of phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous diseases that affect individuals of all ages and ethnicities. [impactgenetics.com]

Kohlschütter-Tönz Syndrome

Houlden, H ; + view all (2013) Kohlschütter-Tönz Syndrome: Mutations in ROGDI and Evidence of Genetic Heterogeneity. [discovery.ucl.ac.uk]

Kohlschütter-Tönz syndrome: mutations in ROGDI and evidence of genetic heterogeneity. [pesquisa.bvsalud.org]

Homepage Rare diseases Search Search for a rare disease Amelocerebrohypohidrotic syndrome Disease definition Kohlschütter-Tönz syndrome (KTS) is a genetically heterogeneous [orpha.net]

Diffuse Lymphoma

The sequences of both the FCL and the refractory DLCL remained heterogeneous. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

next-generation sequencing cancer genetics cancer heterogeneity Footnotes Author contributions: J. [pnas.org]

However, this masks considerable heterogeneity of outcome. [hmds.info]

Pneumonia

There was significant heterogeneity of both sensitivity and specificity according to the Q test, without clear evidence of threshold effect. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] of heterogeneity ( Higgins 2003 ). [doi.org]

The sources of heterogeneity were explored using predefined subgroup analyses and bivariate meta-regression. Sixteen studies (2,359 participants) were included. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Astroblastoma

[…] appearance and heterogeneous enhancement of the solid component and with cystic changes HG Port et al. (2002) [ 5 ] 15; F Corpus callosum Solid and cystic mass with heterogeneous [dx.doi.org]

Cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed a right, occipito-temporal, voluminous, well-demarcated mass, hypointense heterogenous on T1-weighted images ( a ) with a strong [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This case illustrates the potential poor outcome of high-grade astroblastoma and highlights the morphologic heterogeneity of this rare neoplasm. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy Type 3

For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of progressive myoclonic epilepsy, see EPM1A (254800). [malacards.org]

Homogeneity and heterogeneity lod scores are shown. [jmg.bmj.com]

LD is a member of the family of progressive myoclonic epilepsies, which are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by myoclonic epilepsy, developmental regression [wikigenes.org]

Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma

T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging with contrast medium showed a heterogeneously enhanced tumor in the right cerebellum with severe hydrocephalus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The lesion showed heterogeneous isointensity on the T1-weighted image (WI) with ill-defined margins from the normal spinal cord, mild hyperintensity on the T2WI, and heterogeneous [neurologyindia.com]

Sagittal contrast-enhanced T 1 weighted shows the lesion enhanced heterogeneously by the gadolinium (d). [birpublications.org]

Distal Hereditary Motor Neuropathy Type 1

Distal hereditary motor neuronopathy (dHMN or HMN) is a heterogeneous group of neuromuscular disorders caused by anterior horn cell degeneration and characterized by progressive [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Moon and Ji-Seon Kim and Chang Seok Ki}, year={2012} } Sang-Soo Lee, So-Young Moon, +1 author Chang Seok Ki Published 2012 Distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN) is a heterogeneous [semanticscholar.org]

Chapters, 17.08.2013 - 1008 Seiten The inherited neuropathies are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders in which there have been rapid advances in [books.google.de]