Hypersomnia: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for Hypersomnia

Hypersomnia

Let's Get #BeyondSleepy Welcome to the Hypersomnia Foundation, committed to improving the lives of people living with idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) and related sleep disorders [hypersomniafoundation.org]

behaviorally induced insufficient sleep syndrome, hypersomnia due to medical condition, hypersomnia due to drug or substance, hypersomnia not due to a substance or known [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

There are two main categories of hypersomnia: Idiopathic hypersomnia (sometimes called primary hypersomnia) and recurrent hypersomnia (sometimes called recurrent primary hypersomnia [sleepdisordersguide.com]

Narcolepsy

IDIOPATHIC HYPERSOMNIA What is Idiopathic Hypersomnia (IHS) ? [web.archive.org]

Conversely, other central hypersomnias are less well-defined disorders with variability in the phenotype, and few reliable biomarkers have been discovered so far. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

KEYWORDS: Cataplexy; Idiopathic hypersomnia; Kleine Levin syndrome; Narcolepsy; Pharmacotherapy [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Narcolepsy-Cataplexy Syndrome

Hypersomnias are subdivided into Idiopathic Hypersomnia (persistent sleepiness lasting more than 3 months without abnormal tendencies to enter REM sleep) and Recurrent Hypersomnia [stanfordhealthcare.org]

As in idiopathic hypersomnia, diagnosis depends on ruling out causes of secondary hypersomnia and performing a polysomnogram (overnight sleep test) with multiple sleep latency [hypersomniafoundation.org]

Idiopathic hypersomnia. Sleep Med Rev 2001; 5 : 349–358. 19. Kawashima M, Ohashi J, Nishida N, Tokunaga K. [nature.com]

Kleine-Levin Syndrome

Kleine-Levin syndrome and menstrual-related hypersomnia are rare idiopathic sleep disorders occurring primarily in adolescence. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] syndrome without compulsive eating (KLS WOCE) (54 cases), (3) Menstrual related hypersomnia (MRH) (18 cases) and Recurrent hypersomnia with comorbidity (RHC) (28 cases). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Kleine-Levin syndrome and periodic hypersomnia are often misdiagnosed initially because there is no objective test for these conditions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Sleep Apnea

Hypersomnia types Primary hypersomnia • Hypersomnia-bulimia syndrome of Klein-Levine Characterized by semiannual bouts of hyperphagia followed by a 2-5 day 'sleep-off', seen [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Abstract Hypersomnia is a significant problem in about 5% of the general population. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Excessive daytime drowsiness (hypersomnia) may be due to sleep apnea or to other disorders, such as narcolepsy. [newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org]

Sleep Disorders

Recurrent Hypersomnia Kleine-Levin Syndrome Menstrual-Related Hypersomnia 6. Idiopathic Hypersomnia with Long Sleep Time 7. [slideshare.net]

She underwent a carefully conducted PSG and MSLT, which was negative for sleep disordered breathing or hypersomnia disorders. [academic.oup.com]

[…] covers all the parasomnias, including patient stories and vignettes, and also all the other categories of sleep disorders, including insomnia, sleep apnea, restless legs, hypersomnias [sleepfoundation.org]

Bipolar Disorder

Hypersomnia presents as excessive daytime sleepiness with a prevalence of 7.1% in general population. Hypersomnia has serious negative effects on persons functioning. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Episodes are characterized by hypersomnia, cognitive impairment, feelings of derealization, and, less frequently, hyperphagia (66%), hypersexuality [53% (principally men)] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hypersomnia Hypersomnia is the opposite of insomnia. It describes over-sleeping, and it affects one-third of individuals with bipolar disorder. [tuck.com]

Seasonal Mood Disorder

Instead, they complain of hypersomnia (sleepiness) and overeating with a craving for carbohydrates, along with a depressed mood and lowered self-esteem. [theconversation.com]

[…] and symptoms of SAD include: anxiety feeling guilty and worthless feeling stressed indecision irritability low moods and despair reduced libido crying lethargy, fatigue, hypersomnia [medicalnewstoday.com]

Symptoms of the Winter Pattern of SAD include: Having low energy Hypersomnia Overeating Weight gain Craving for carbohydrates Social withdrawal (feel like “hibernating”) Symptoms [nimh.nih.gov]

Depression

The other symptoms that are associated with major depression include decrease or increase in appetite, insomnia or hypersomnia, psycho motor agitation or retardation, constant [adaa.org]

Physical symptoms Fatigue Appetite loss Insomnia, which is the inability to fall asleep and stay asleep Hypersomnia, which is feeling very sleepy most of the time Sexual problems [cancer.net]

[…] and inflated self-esteem Melancholic features : such as loss of pleasure, weight loss, and excessive guilt Atypical features : such as mood reactivity, weight gain, and hypersomnia [goodtherapy.org]

Depressive Disorder

Depressed mood, in addition to the presence of ≥ 2 of the following symptoms: Poor appetite or overeating Insomnia or hypersomnia Low energy or fatigue Low self-esteem Poor [amboss.com]

[…] or gain (change of >5% body weight in a month), or decrease or increase in appetite nearly every day; in children, may be failure to gain weight as expected Insomnia or hypersomnia [mdcalc.com]

[…] self-esteem Low energy or fatigue Poor appetite or overeating Difficulty with concentration and decision-making Difficulty falling/staying asleep (insomnia) or sleeping too much (hypersomnia [my.clevelandclinic.org]

Endogenous Depression

“A patient who has psychomotor retardation, hypersomnia, and gaining weight is scored as having identical symptoms as another who is agitated, sleeping badly, and has weight [theatlantic.com]

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

There are a number of sleep disorders that can potentially lead to sleep that does not replenish energy, including: insomnia, which is trouble falling and staying asleep hypersomnia [medicalnewstoday.com]

The Sleep Assessment Questionnaire (SAQ), a 17-item instrument developed by Moldofsky and collaborators, measures seven factors: insomnia/hypersomnia, restlessness, sleep [doi.org]

[…] of the Sleep Assessment Questionnaire © in the identification of patients with insomnia, restless legs syndrome/periodic limb movement disorder, and narcolepsy/idiopathic hypersomnia [doi.org]

Traumatic Brain Injury

We believe that these injuries of the ARAS might be a pathogenetic mechanism of fatigue and hypersomnia in patients with TBI. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This can take the form of insomnia (difficulty falling asleep) or hypersomnia (excessive sleep), with a slightly higher risk for the latter.14 Children also experience sleep [theraspecs.com]

We report on patients with post-traumatic fatigue and hypersomnia who showed injury of the lower portion of the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) between the pontine [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

African Trypanosomiasis

In contrast to other infections, there is no hypersomnia, but the sleep pattern is fragmented. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The primary symptom of the disease is hypersomnia or excessive sleep, although the disease can also cause insomnia. [house.wikia.com]

How then can trypanosomes cause changes in the sleep pattern and not hypersomnia? [doi.org]

Prader-Willi Syndrome

Our patient presented at two years of age with hypersomnia and narcoleptic episodes with cataplectic features. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prader-Willi syndrome: sorting out the relationships between obesity, hypersomnia, and sleep apnea. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment with modafinil was initiated at age seven years six months due to persistent hypersomnia and narcoleptic symptoms. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Respiratory Muscle Paralysis

[…] reduction in strength and endurance of the respiratory muscles are causing alteration of the sleep structure, primarily reducing quantity of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep hypersomnia [shortnessofbreath.it]

Myotonic Dystrophy

In the later stages of the disease, some people experience sleep apnea and hypersomnia. Women with myotonic dystrophy have an increased risk for pregnancy complications. [en.wikibooks.org]

Apathy and hypersomnia are common features of myotonic dystrophy. [web.archive.org]

Psychostimulants for hypersomnia (excessive daytime sleepiness) in myotonic dystrophy. [web.archive.org]

Muscular Dystrophy

Apathy and hypersomnia are common features of myotonic dystrophy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Psychostimulants for hypersomnia (excessive daytime sleepiness) in myotonic dystrophy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pickwickian Syndrome

HYPERSOMNIA VS. FATIGUE When investigating potential causes of EDS, it is important to distinguish between fatigue and excessive sleepiness, or hypersomnia. [rjjaramillo.wordpress.com]

Therapeutic effects of tracheostomy in two cases of hypersomnia with respiratory disturbance during sleep. Folia Psychiatr Neurol Jpn 1980;34:17-25. 103. [thoracicmedicine.org]

Frequently, there may not be an identifiable cause and the only diagnosis possible is that of idiopathic hypersomnia. [rjjaramillo.wordpress.com]

Psychosis

Central Hypersomnia. Seminars in Pediatric Neurology, Vol. 22, Issue. 2, p. 93. CrossRef Google Scholar Rabeyron, Thomas and Loose, Tianna 2015. [doi.org]

Encephalitis

Migraine - Cluster - Vascular - Tension Amaurosis fugax - Foville's syndrome - Millard-Gubler syndrome - Lateral medullary syndrome - متلازمة وبر اضطراب النوم : Insomnia - Hypersomnia [marefa.org]

Congenital Non-Goitrous Hypothyroidism Type 4

Effect of levothyroxine on prolonged nocturnal sleep time and excessive daytime somnolence in patients with idiopathic hypersomnia. [glowm.com]

Diabetes Insipidus

Diabetes insipidus is a disorder of the secretion or action of antidiuretic hormone characterized by polyuria and polydipsia. It may be central or nephrogenic. The patients of diabetes insipidus present to the hospital with the complaint of polyuria and/or dehydration. The patient may pass 5 to 20 or even more[…] [symptoma.com]

Delayed Sleep-Phase Syndrome

[…] however, ranges from 3.3% to 16% have been reported. 1-3 Assessment of DSWPD Presenting symptoms of DSWPD often mimic those of other sleep disorders, including insomnia or hypersomnia [psychiatrictimes.com]

Hypersomnias: A group of sleep disorders that cause a person to be excessively sleepy. [crlmag.com]

People with a hypersomnia may fall asleep at times that are inconvenient or even dangerous, such as at work or while driving. [crlmag.com]

Central Hypoventilation

He suffered from recurrent pulmonary edema, acute convulsive seizures, hypersomnia, hyperphagia, obesity, impaired glucose tolerance test, and hypercapnia, diagnosed as LO-CHS [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Chronic Alcoholism

The concept of "structural plasticity" has emerged as a potential mechanism in neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases such as drug abuse, depression, and dementia. Chronic alcoholism is a progressive neurodegenerative disease while the person continues to abuse alcohol, though clinical and imaging studies show[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Bronchial Asthma

History A detailed assessment of the medical history should address the following: Whether symptoms are attributable to asthma Whether findings support the likelihood of asthma (eg, family history) Asthma severity Identification of possible precipitating factors Family history may be pertinent for asthma, allergy,[…] [emedicine.medscape.com]

Dysthymic Disorder

Associated symptoms include poor appetite or overeating, insomnia or hypersomnia, poor concentration or difficulty making decisions, low energy, low self-esteem and feelings [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

During periods of depressed mood, at least 2 of the following additional symptoms are present: poor appetite or overeating, insomnia or hypersomnia, low energy or fatigue, [icd9data.com]

Depressed mood for most of day Children: One year duration Adult: Two year duration Symptoms associated with depression (2 or more) Poor appetite or Overeating Insomnia or Hypersomnia [fpnotebook.com]

Severe Depressive Episode

[…] two criteria: the symptoms are not better explained by another psychiatric disorder AND no history of a manic or hypomanic episode. “ SIG E CAPS ” : S leep ( insomnia or hypersomnia [amboss.com]

Note: In children, consider failure to make expected weight gains. (4) Insomnia or Hypersomnia nearly every day (5) psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day [behavenet.com]

The other symptoms that are associated with major depression include decrease or increase in appetite, insomnia or hypersomnia, psycho motor agitation or retardation, constant [adaa.org]

Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis

We present three patients with a clinical course and cerebrospinal fluid findings consistent with a diagnosis of primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS). Extensive and repeated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations showed only diffuse abnormality in brain and spinal cord, but no focal lesions. We propose[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]