Hyperviscosity: Causes & Reasons

Possible Causes for Hyperviscosity

Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia

Because hyperviscosity syndrome can be lethal, it must be recognized and managed early. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

“hyperviscosity-retinopathy.” [eyewiki.aao.org]

Hyperviscosity syndrome is treated with plasmapheresis. [symptoma.com]

Polycythemia

Diagnosis of hyperviscosity syndrome is clinical. [msdmanuals.com]

The elevated blood cell mass results in hyperviscosity, which is associated with slow blood flow and an increased risk of thrombosis. [amboss.com]

Premature infants rarely develop hyperviscosity syndrome. [msdmanuals.com]

Multiple Myeloma

Hyperviscosity: Emergent plasmapheresis B. [clinicaladvisor.com]

Generalized malaise, fever, sluggish mentation, paresthesia, sensory loss, and infection can indicate hyperviscosity. [symptoma.com]

(Multiple Myeloma 와의 차이) Peripheral neuropathy, Organomegaly (hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy), Hyperviscosity syndrome (IgM 이 pentamer 이므로. [sondoctor.co.kr]

Heavy Chain Disease

Hyperviscosity. Nephrotic syndrome, cardiac failure, malabsorption. Peripheral neuropathies, carpal tunnel syndrome. [patient.info]

Treatment of symptomatic patients includes chemotherapy and supportive therapy aimed at the correction of anaemia and hyperviscosity. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. [patient.info]

Leukemia

The presence of glaucoma is known to be specific for the hyperviscosity syndrome. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Paraneoplastic syndromes in malignant lymphomas manifest by anemia, hypercalcemia, blood hyperviscosity, cachexia and other less frequent forms. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Multiple myeloma, complicated by hyperviscosity syndrome, was diagnosed by BUBLOT et al. (1985) in a 9-year-old dog showing on necropsy fluids in the cavities and moderate [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pyelonephritis

Pyelonephritis is inflammation of the renal pelvis ( pyelo- = renal pelvis [1] ) and kidney ( nephritis = inflammation of the kidney ). It is classically caused by an ascending infection. Pathologically it can be divided into: Acute pyelonephritis. Chronic pyelonephritis. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. References ↑[…] [librepathology.org]

Dehydration

Abstract Exercise-induced dehydration can lead to impaired perfusion to multiple regional tissues and organs. We propose that the impact of dehydration on regional blood flow and metabolism is dependent on the extent of the cardiovascular demand imposed by exercise, with the greatest physiological strain seen when[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Eisenmenger Syndrome

“hyperviscosity syndrome”) Renal complications: Proteinuria, hematuria Progressive renal failure Metabolic complications: Hyperuricemia Hyperbilirubinemia and gallstones [thoracickey.com]

[…] in red blood cell mass, defined in neonates as a venous hematocrit ≥ 65%; this increase can lead to hyperviscosity with sludging of blood within vessels... read more, hyperviscosity [msdmanuals.com]

Chronic hypoxia caused by Eisenmenger syndrome may result in polycythemia with resultant hyperviscosity and bilateral central retinal vein occlusion. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases volume 1, Article number: 6 (2006) Cite this article 55k Accesses 735 Citations 3 Altmetric Metrics details Abstract Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a clinically heterogeneous disease, which is autoimmune in origin and is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies[…] [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]

Cystic Fibrosis

Genetic multisystem disease associated with abnormalities in salt and water transport across epithelial surfaces. Age of onset of symptoms is highly variable; implementation of newborn screening in some countries allows for early detection and treatment. A sweat test is the most conclusive test for diagnosis.[…] [bestpractice.bmj.com]

Central Retinal Vein Occlusion

We report in this article central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) caused by hyperviscosity syndrome (HVS) in a young patient with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

It can cause a hyperviscosity syndrome secondary to the paraproteinaemia associated with the disease. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Chronic kidney disease leading to malignant hypertension and hyperviscosity was diagnosed as the underlying cause. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Leukostasis

Mortality is related to the underlying cause of the hyperviscosity syndrome. Stone MJ, Bogen SA. Evidence-based focused review of management of hyperviscosity syndrome. [emedicine.medscape.com]

The management includes hydration, cytoreduction, prevention of tumor lysis and, rarely, leukapheresis in cases complicated by leukostasis and hyperviscosity syndrome. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Leukostasis is a reduction in blood flow related to hyperviscosity. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Monoclonal Gammopathy

[…] protein of < 30g/L, < 10% plasma cells on bone marrow biopsy, without associated end organ dysfunction (hypercalcaemia, lytic skeletal lesions, renal dysfunction, anaemia and hyperviscosity [rcpa.edu.au]

Greatly elevated serum levels of protein may result in a hyperviscosity syndrome. polyclonal gammopathy a hypergammaglobulinemia resulting from an increased production of [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

[…] presence of monoclonal gammopathy in patients who have clinical symptoms and signs of the presence of MM, AL amyloidosis, or WM (i.e., bone pain, unexplained weight loss, hyperviscosity [ashclinicalnews.org]

Polycythemia Neonatorum

Neonatal Polycythemia and Hyperviscosity Syndrome. [nature.com]

What are polycythemia and hyperviscosity? Red blood cells are an important part of your baby's blood. They carry oxygen to every part of the body. [myhealth.alberta.ca]

This problem is called hyperviscosity. As a result, some organs may not get enough oxygen. What causes polycythemia? [saintlukeskc.org]

Polycythemia Vera

Hyperviscosity syndrome was defined as having 2 or more hyperviscosity symptoms. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

If hyperviscosity associated morbidity can be controlled, the long-term prognosis for PV patients is generally good. [clinicaladvisor.com]

Asymptomatic Patients may be asymptomatic and may present with vague symptoms of hyperviscosity. [medicaljoyworks.com]

Secondary Polycythemia

I would do a phlebotomy if he has signs/symptoms suggestive of hyperviscosity, and his hemoglobin is above 18... Tue Jun 06, 05:05:00 PM Jennings said... [pulmonaryroundtable.blogspot.com]

If hyperviscosity associated morbidity can be controlled, the long-term prognosis for PV patients is generally good. [clinicaladvisor.com]

[…] demonstrating a transient improvement in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular physiology, the benefit of phlebotomy is unclear with the possible exception in patients with hyperviscosity [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cryoglobulinemia

Abstract: Hyperviscosity syndrome leads to vascular disturbances in different organs. [content.iospress.com]

[…] myeloma Because type I cryoglobulins do not easily activate complement, patients with type I are asymptomatic until the level of cryoglobulinemia is sufficiently high to cause hyperviscosity [mdnxs.com]

We describe the case of an HIV/HCV-infected patient with HCV-related chronic lymphoproliferative disease, mixed cryoglobulinemia and hyperviscosity syndrome. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Idiopathic Cryoglobulinemia

Cryoglobulinemia can also lead to small-vessel vasculitis, which can cause purpura; hyperviscosity and direct vascular trauma can contribute. [msdmanuals.com]

Quantification of cryocrit is useful in monitoring response to treatment, particularly in hyperviscosity syndromes. [clinicaladvisor.com]

Marked elevations of other immunoglobulins (especially IgA and IgG3) can also be associated with a hyperviscosity syndrome. Click here for Patient Education [msdmanuals.com]

Stress Polycythemia

Since many aspects of hemorheology and hemodynamics are affected by disease or clinical states, these effects are discussed as are hyperviscosity syndromes, therapy for disturbed [books.google.com]

An urgent referral should be made if symptoms of hyperviscosity or polycythaemia (raised PCV, white cells and platelets) are present. [brainscape.com]

[…] comparative studies; Hemodynamics, covering basic principles, microcirculation, in vivo effects, endothelium and methods; and Clinical Aspects of Hemorheology, covering hyperviscosity [books.google.com]

Idiopathic Recurrent and Disabling Cutaneous Herpes

Hyperviscosity syndrome Hyperviscosity syndrome is caused by a clinically significant increase in the viscosity of whole blood, which may result from an increased number of [emedicine.medscape.com]

If hyperviscosity syndrome is present because of cryoglobulins, Raynaud phenomenon can be observed. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Patients with type I cryoglobulins typically present with cutaneous manifestation related to hyperviscosity and/or thrombosis. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Gaisbock Syndrome

Hyperviscosity syndromes associated with immunoglobulin abnormalities. Semin Hematol. 1973;10:113–121. [link.springer.com]

Correction of hyperviscosity by apheresis. Semin Thromb Hemost. 2003 Oct;29(5):535-42. [doctorslounge.com]

Features include: hyperviscosity-syndrome symptoms pruritis, especially after a hot bath splenomegaly plethoric features hypertension in 1/3 haemorrhage secondary to abnormal [mrcpandme.blogspot.com]

Erythrocytosis

Hyperviscosity retinopathy can cause acute visual loss in cases of renal allograft recipients who develop PTE. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In all patients, hydroxyurea improved symptoms of hyperviscosity. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The patient's symptoms of hyperviscosity improved after phlebotomy, as his hemoglobin gradually decreased to 18.3 g/dL. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis

A hyperviscosity syndrome is the main clinical presentation in some patients with type I cryoglobulinemia. [cancernetwork.com]

Cryoglobulinemia with severe hyperviscosity syndrome requires plasmapheresis and chemotherapy of the underlying malignancy. [hopkinsvasculitis.org]

It can temporarily remove the cryoglobulin (immune complexes) and reduce the hyperviscosity, which helps reduce morbidity. [dermatologyadvisor.com]

Hyperglobulinemic Purpura

Hyperviscosity syndrome At least 50% of individuals with WM have hyperviscosity syndrome, an increased viscosity or thickening of the blood caused by the accumulation of IgM [encyclopedia.com]

[…] which were consistent with hyperviscosity syndrome. [dovepress.com]

Quantification of cryocrit is useful in monitoring response to treatment, particularly in hyperviscosity syndromes. [clinicaladvisor.com]

Livedo Reticularis

Impaired arterial perfusion usually results from vasospasm, although hyperviscosity, inflammation, and/or thromboemboli can be causative as well. [thoracickey.com]

[…] physiologically akin to livedo reticularis (specifically livedo racemosa, Raynaud's phenomenon, and possibly ulceration) in that they arise from vasospasm with or without local hyperviscosity [doi.org]

When factors, including cold, arteriolar disease and blood hyperviscosity, reduce blood flow rates in the superficial venous plexus, the cyanotic reticular pattern becomes [clinicaladvisor.com]

Chilblain Lupus Erythematosus Type 1

The chilblain lesions are the result of microvascular injury secondary to exposure to cold and possibly hyperviscosity from immunological abnormalities, Elevated serum gammaglobulins [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Vasoconstriction produced by cold along with the hyperviscosity due to immunological abnormalities like hypergamm-aglobulinemia and rheumatoid factor are thought to lead to [ijdvl.com]

Multiple erythematous plaques and reticulate telangiectasia on the face that produce large areas of disfigurement on confluence hyperviscosity from immunologic abnormalities [mussenhealth.us]

Hyperviscosity Syndrome

Other conditions associated with blood hyperviscosity include shock, rheumatic disease, and diabetes. [symptoma.com]

The course of a patient with rheumatoid hyperviscosity syndrome is described. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In this review, we discuss the diagnosis and management of the hyperviscosity syndrome. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Familial Polycythemia

Burning sensation in fingers and toes With the hyperviscosity perfusion becomes poor causing ischemic pains[21]. [explainmedicine.com]

Recording of symptoms of hyperviscosity syndrome and their severity Hyperviscosity syndrome symptoms: Headache Dizziness Altered mentation, sense of distance Visual disturbances [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Blood differential Blood smear CBC Hematocrit Hemoglobin Hemoglobin electrophoresis Hemolytic disease of the newborn Hyperviscosity - newborn Low white blood cell count and [icdlist.com]

Disorders of Amino-Acid Transport

Pseudohyponatremia HYPERVISCOSITY SYNDROME ( Hyperviscosity syndrome is caused by high concentrations of paraproteins, typically with IgG >6,000 mg/dL or IgA >4,000 mg/dL [myelomapennstate.net]

Less common complications include venous thromboembolism and the hyperviscosity syndrome.  Renal impairment affects 20-40% of new cases. [slideshare.net]

[…] leading to intratubular calcium deposition  by increasing the toxicity of filtered light chains  Tubulointerstitial nephritis  Plasma cell infiltration of the kidneys  Hyperviscosity [slideplayer.com]

Myeloma Kidney

The ESR may be increased secondary to hyperviscosity. Hyperviscosity is most common with IgM, but can be seen with polymerization of IgA and IgG3. [med-ed.virginia.edu]

Hyperviscosity In some patients, large amounts of myeloma protein can cause the blood to “thicken.” This thickening is called hyperviscosity. [cancer.org]

Supportive therapy for dealing with hypercalcemia, infection, and hyperviscosity is essential to good patient care. [med-ed.virginia.edu]