Hyperviscosity: Causes & Reasons

Possible Causes for Hyperviscosity

Because hyperviscosity syndrome can be lethal, it must be recognized and managed early. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Symptomatic hyperviscosity did not impact overall survival (P = 0·12). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Manifestations may include hyperviscosity, bleeding, recurring infections, generalized adenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly. [msdmanuals.com]

Polycythemia

Diagnosis of hyperviscosity syndrome is clinical. [msdmanuals.com]

The elevated blood cell mass results in hyperviscosity, which is associated with slow blood flow and an increased risk of thrombosis. [amboss.com]

Premature infants rarely develop hyperviscosity syndrome. [msdmanuals.com]

Multiple Myeloma

Hyperviscosity: Emergent plasmapheresis B. [clinicaladvisor.com]

Generalized malaise, fever, sluggish mentation, paresthesia, sensory loss, and infection can indicate hyperviscosity. [symptoma.com]

[…] including extreme thirst, stomach pain, needing to pee frequently, constipation or confusion weight loss blurred vision, dizziness or headaches – caused by thickened blood (hyperviscosity [nhs.uk]

Heavy Chain Disease

Hyperviscosity. Nephrotic syndrome, cardiac failure, malabsorption. Peripheral neuropathies, carpal tunnel syndrome. [patient.info]

Treatment of symptomatic patients includes chemotherapy and supportive therapy aimed at the correction of anaemia and hyperviscosity. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. [patient.info]

Leukemia

Waldenström macroglobulinemia has a natural history and therapeutic options similar to CLL, with the exception of hyperviscosity syndrome associated with macroglobulinemia [cancer.gov]

Pyelonephritis

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare renal tumor that arises as a complication of chronic obstructive pyelonephritis of uncertain etiology. It is primarily an adult tumor seen occasionally in children associated with urinary tract obstruction due to congenital urological anomalies, nephrolithiasis, and[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Dehydration

Abstract This hospital-record review describes the clinical profile of hypernatremic dehydration in neonates. 49 neonates (3.4% of the total admitted newborns) developed hypernatremic dehydration between January 2014 and August 2015. The major presenting complaints were fever (34.6%), poor feeding (42.8%), loose[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Eisenmenger Syndrome

[…] in red blood cell mass, defined in neonates as a venous hematocrit ≥ 65%; this increase can lead to hyperviscosity with sludging of blood within vessels... read more, hyperviscosity [msdmanuals.com]

Erythrocytosis is present in most patients, but excessive phlebotomy may cause microcytosis and exacerbate the symptoms of hyperviscosity. [annals.org]

Systemic oxygen desaturation leads to clubbing of fingers and toes, secondary polycythemia Perinatal Polycythemia and Hyperviscosity Syndrome Polycythemia is an abnormal increase [msdmanuals.com]

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease. In this disease, the immune system of the body mistakenly attacks healthy tissue. It can affect the skin, joints, kidneys, brain, and other organs. The cause of SLE is not clearly known. It may be linked to the following factors: Genetic Environmental[…] [medlineplus.gov]

Cystic Fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis (mucoviscidosis) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder of the exocrine glands. It is characterized by the production of abnormally viscous mucus by the affected glands. Cystic fibrosis is usually recognized in infancy or early childhood. The clinical manifestations of cystic fibrosis are typically[…] [symptoma.com]

Central Retinal Vein Occlusion

We report in this article central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) caused by hyperviscosity syndrome (HVS) in a young patient with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

When a patient less than 50 years of age experiences central retinal vein occlusion, other mechanisms, such as the hyperviscosity syndrome or the inflammatory condition (inflammation [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

It can cause a hyperviscosity syndrome secondary to the paraproteinaemia associated with the disease. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Leukostasis

Mortality is related to the underlying cause of the hyperviscosity syndrome. Stone MJ, Bogen SA. Evidence-based focused review of management of hyperviscosity syndrome. [emedicine.medscape.com]

The management includes hydration, cytoreduction, prevention of tumor lysis and, rarely, leukapheresis in cases complicated by leukostasis and hyperviscosity syndrome. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Leukostasis is a reduction in blood flow related to hyperviscosity. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Polycythemia Neonatorum

Neonatal Polycythemia and Hyperviscosity Syndrome. [nature.com]

What are polycythemia and hyperviscosity? Red blood cells are an important part of your baby's blood. They carry oxygen to every part of the body. [myhealth.alberta.ca]

Outlook (Prognosis) The outlook is good for infants with mild hyperviscosity. Good results are also possible in infants who receive treatment for severe hyperviscosity. [healthing.ca]

Monoclonal Gammopathy

[…] protein of < 30g/L, < 10% plasma cells on bone marrow biopsy, without associated end organ dysfunction (hypercalcaemia, lytic skeletal lesions, renal dysfunction, anaemia and hyperviscosity [rcpa.edu.au]

Greatly elevated serum levels of protein may result in a hyperviscosity syndrome. polyclonal gammopathy a hypergammaglobulinemia resulting from an increased production of [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

No patient demonstrated signs of hyperviscosity retinopathy. Fluorescein angiography showed no definite leakage in any involved eye. [iovs.arvojournals.org]

Cryoglobulinemia

Abstract: Hyperviscosity syndrome leads to vascular disturbances in different organs. [content.iospress.com]

Abstract Hyperviscosity syndrome leads to vascular disturbances in different organs. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We describe the case of an HIV/HCV-infected patient with HCV-related chronic lymphoproliferative disease, mixed cryoglobulinemia and hyperviscosity syndrome. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Idiopathic Cryoglobulinemia

Cryoglobulinemia can also lead to small-vessel vasculitis, which can cause purpura; hyperviscosity and direct vascular trauma can contribute. [merckmanuals.com]

Quantification of cryocrit is useful in monitoring response to treatment, particularly in hyperviscosity syndromes. [clinicaladvisor.com]

Marked elevations of other immunoglobulins (especially IgA and IgG3) can also be associated with a hyperviscosity syndrome. Click here for Patient Education [merckmanuals.com]

Secondary Polycythemia

I would do a phlebotomy if he has signs/symptoms suggestive of hyperviscosity, and his hemoglobin is above 18... Tue Jun 06, 05:05:00 PM Jennings said... [pulmonaryroundtable.blogspot.com]

[…] demonstrating a transient improvement in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular physiology, the benefit of phlebotomy is unclear with the possible exception in patients with hyperviscosity [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Rarely seen under the age of 40 years The symptoms are due to: Hyperviscosity. Hypervolemia. Hypermetabolism. [labpedia.net]

Idiopathic Recurrent and Disabling Cutaneous Herpes

Hyperviscosity syndrome Hyperviscosity syndrome is caused by a clinically significant increase in the viscosity of whole blood, which may result from an increased number of [emedicine.medscape.com]

If hyperviscosity syndrome is present because of cryoglobulins, Raynaud phenomenon can be observed. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Patients with type I cryoglobulins typically present with cutaneous manifestation related to hyperviscosity and/or thrombosis. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Stress Polycythemia

Since many aspects of hemorheology and hemodynamics are affected by disease or clinical states, these effects are discussed as are hyperviscosity syndromes, therapy for disturbed [books.google.com]

An urgent referral should be made if symptoms of hyperviscosity or polycythaemia (raised PCV, white cells and platelets) are present. [brainscape.com]

[…] comparative studies; Hemodynamics, covering basic principles, microcirculation, in vivo effects, endothelium and methods; and Clinical Aspects of Hemorheology, covering hyperviscosity [books.google.com]

Livedo Reticularis

When factors, including cold, arteriolar disease and blood hyperviscosity, reduce blood flow rates in the superficial venous plexus, the cyanotic reticular pattern becomes [clinicaladvisor.com]

Cryoglobulinemia, type I: Monoclonal gammopathy and resulting hyperviscosity results in LR. [dermatologyadvisor.com]

Other causes include reduced blood flow due to hyperviscosity (thickened consistency of the blood), vessel wall pathology (e.g. from blood vessel inflammation) or obstruction [dermcoll.edu.au]

Hyperviscosity Syndrome

Polycythemia is significant only because it increases risk of hyperviscosity syndrome. [context.reverso.net]

The course of a patient with rheumatoid hyperviscosity syndrome is described. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Other conditions associated with blood hyperviscosity include shock, rheumatic disease, and diabetes. [symptoma.com]

Erythrocytosis

Hyperviscosity retinopathy can cause acute visual loss in cases of renal allograft recipients who develop PTE. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In all patients, hydroxyurea improved symptoms of hyperviscosity. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The patient's symptoms of hyperviscosity improved after phlebotomy, as his hemoglobin gradually decreased to 18.3 g/dL. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Familial Polycythemia

Recording of symptoms of hyperviscosity syndrome and their severity Hyperviscosity syndrome symptoms: Headache Dizziness Altered mentation, sense of distance Visual disturbances [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Burning sensation in fingers and toes With the hyperviscosity perfusion becomes poor causing ischemic pains[21]. [explainmedicine.com]

Blood differential Blood smear CBC Hematocrit Hemoglobin Hemoglobin electrophoresis Hemolytic disease of the newborn Hyperviscosity - newborn Low white blood cell count and [icdlist.com]

Polycythemia Vera

Hyperviscosity syndrome was defined as having 2 or more hyperviscosity symptoms. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Asymptomatic Patients may be asymptomatic and may present with vague symptoms of hyperviscosity. [medicaljoyworks.com]

The elevated blood cell mass results in hyperviscosity, which is associated with slow blood flow and an increased risk of thrombosis. [amboss.com]

Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis

A hyperviscosity syndrome is the main clinical presentation in some patients with type I cryoglobulinemia. [cancernetwork.com]

Quantification of cryocrit is useful in monitoring response to treatment, particularly in hyperviscosity syndromes. [clinicaladvisor.com]

Cryoglobulinemia with severe hyperviscosity syndrome requires plasmapheresis and chemotherapy of the underlying malignancy. [hopkinsvasculitis.org]

Gaisbock Syndrome

Hyperviscosity syndromes associated with immunoglobulin abnormalities. Semin Hematol. 1973;10:113–121. [link.springer.com]

The elevated blood cell mass results in hyperviscosity, which may manifest with fatigue, facial flushing, pruritus, erythromelalgia, headaches, dizziness, and, in severe cases [www-amboss-com.db.rsu.lv]

Correction of hyperviscosity by apheresis. Semin Thromb Hemost. 2003 Oct;29(5):535-42. [doctorslounge.com]

Myeloma Kidney

The ESR may be increased secondary to hyperviscosity. Hyperviscosity is most common with IgM, but can be seen with polymerization of IgA and IgG3. [med-ed.virginia.edu]

There are many factors in its aetiology, including reduced volume, hypercalcaemia, tubulointerstitial nephritis and more rarely, hyperviscosity syndrome. [dev.nefro.elsevier.es]

Hyperviscosity In some patients, large amounts of myeloma protein can cause the blood to “thicken.” This thickening is called hyperviscosity. [cancer.org]

Hyperglobulinemic Purpura

[…] which were consistent with hyperviscosity syndrome. [dovepress.com]

Hyperviscosity syndrome At least 50% of individuals with WM have hyperviscosity syndrome, an increased viscosity or thickening of the blood caused by the accumulation of IgM [encyclopedia.com]

Quantification of cryocrit is useful in monitoring response to treatment, particularly in hyperviscosity syndromes. [clinicaladvisor.com]

Disorders of Amino-Acid Transport

Pseudohyponatremia HYPERVISCOSITY SYNDROME ( Hyperviscosity syndrome is caused by high concentrations of paraproteins, typically with IgG >6,000 mg/dL or IgA >4,000 mg/dL [myelomapennstate.net]

Less common complications include venous thromboembolism and the hyperviscosity syndrome.  Renal impairment affects 20-40% of new cases. [slideshare.net]

[…] leading to intratubular calcium deposition  by increasing the toxicity of filtered light chains  Tubulointerstitial nephritis  Plasma cell infiltration of the kidneys  Hyperviscosity [slideplayer.com]

Chilblain Lupus Erythematosus Type 1

The chilblain lesions are the result of microvascular injury secondary to exposure to cold and possibly hyperviscosity from immunological abnormalities, Elevated serum gammaglobulins [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Vasoconstriction produced by cold along with the hyperviscosity due to immunological abnormalities like hypergamm-aglobulinemia and rheumatoid factor are thought to lead to [ijdvl.com]

Multiple erythematous plaques and reticulate telangiectasia on the face that produce large areas of disfigurement on confluence hyperviscosity from immunologic abnormalities [mussenhealth.us]