Hyponatremia & Major Cause of Death is Heart Failure & Pericardial Effusion: Causes & Reasons

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Patient File

Sex unknown, Age unknown

Reported Symptoms

Hyponatremia, Major Cause of Death is Heart Failure, Pericardial Effusion,

Negated

None

Unsure

None

Possible Causes

Congestive Heart Failure

effusion) [emedicine.medscape.com]

We describe the use of conivaptan in a 4-month-old infant girl with severe hypervolemic hyponatremia and heart failure. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Major secondary outcomes were all cause mortality during the trial period, all reported cardiovascular deaths, admission to hospital for heart failure, cardiovascular admission [doi.org]

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Chronic Kidney Insufficiency

Clinical findings, internal Hypertension, heart failure, pulmonary oedema, pleural effusions, pericardial effusion, GI bleeding due to peptic ulceration, gastritis/oesophagitis [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Hypocalcemia (see chapter) Hyponatremia (see chapter) Uremia: The three most severe forms of uremia are encephalopathy, bleeding diathesis, and pericarditis. [clinicaladvisor.com]

Early detection can help prevent the progression of kidney disease to kidney failure. Heart disease is the major cause of death for all people with CKD. [kidney.org]

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Chronic Right-Sided Congestive Heart Failure

Pericardial effusion is demonstrated on the coronal CT-reconstruction. [radiologyassistant.nl]

"Tolvaptan, a Selective Oral Vasopressin V2-Receptor Antagonist, for Hyponatremia". [en.wikipedia.org]

History of Congestive Heart Failure Congestive heart failure is, in a nutshell, the end stage for all chronic disease affecting the heart, and as such is a major cause of [ceufast.com]

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Diabetes Mellitus

effusions are common after STEMI. 516, 517 It is important to exclude free-wall rupture when a pericardial effusion is present, 518, 519 especially if the width of the effusion [doi.org]

In this T1D case with CKD, severe hyperglycemia in conjunction with other metabolic insults, such as uremia, hyponatremia, and hypocalcemia, probably provoked his seizure [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The reductions in risk of CV death, all-cause mortality, 3-point major adverse cardiac events, hospitalization for heart failure (HHF), and HHF or CV death with empagliflozin [acc.org]

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Cardiomyopathy

In both patients, echocardiography showed LV hypertrophy, biventricular systolic dysfunction, and a large amount of pericardial effusion. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] symptomatic ventricular arrhythmias, persistent gallop rhythm, persistent jugular venous distention, systemic hypotension, peripheral vascular disease Laboratory findings Hyponatremia [clevelandclinicmeded.com]

[…] health problems, such as progressive heart failure, arrhythmia, thromboembolism and sudden cardiac death. [patient.info]

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Myocarditis due to Radiation

Introduction A pericardial effusion occurs when a significant amount of fluid fills the pericardial space. [healio.com]

[…] of DCM, which is a significant cause of heart failure and sudden cardiac death in young adults. 3 DCM due to myocarditis is the major underlying reason for cardiac transplantation [ecrjournal.com]

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Kidney Failure

Additionally, medical evidence should describe any instances of ascites, pericardial effusion, or pleural effusion. [disabilitysecrets.com]

Patients with hypervolemic hyponatremia and kidney failure pose a special therapeutic challenge. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Early detection can help prevent the progression of kidney disease to kidney failure. Heart disease is the major cause of death for all people with CKD. [kidney.org]

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Amyloidosis

effusion. [ahajournals.org]

[…] depletion E86.9 Volume depletion, unspecified E87 Other disorders of fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance E87.0 Hyperosmolality and hypernatremia E87.1 Hypo-osmolality and hyponatremia [icd10data.com]

The major cause of death from amyloidosis is due to heart disease, either congestive heart failure or arrhythmia. [cancertherapyadvisor.com]

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Tuberculous Pericarditis

KEYWORDS: Cardiac Tamponade; Pericardial Effusion; Pericarditis; Tuberculosis [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Central Venous Pressure, Coinfection, Constriction, Double-Blind Method, Echocardiography, Edema, Fibrinolytic Agents, Heart Failure, Hyperbilirubinemia, Hyponatremia [acc.org]

Cardiovascular complications of the inflammatory exudate in the pericardium are the major causes of death in tuberculous pericarditis. [annals.org]

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Myocarditis

The eosinophil count had increased by the pericardial effusion. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pneumonia, PCP Hematuria Acute Renal Failure Chronic Renal Failure Glomerulopathies Nephritic & Nephrotic Syndrome Nephrolithiasis Hyperkalemia Hypokalemia Hypernatremia Hyponatremia [mightysignal.com]

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Hypoalbuminemia

MILLER, M. - Hyponatremia: age-related risk factors and therapy decisions. Geriatrics 1998; 53 :32-33. [ Links ] 8. [scielo.br]

Patients were classified as having a major CV event if the main cause of death or hospitalization was acute coronary syndrome, ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure [elsevier.pt]

[…] hypokalemia/hypopotassemia 低カリウム血症 hypokalemic periodic paralysis 低カリウム性周期性四肢麻痺 hypokinesia 運動低下/運動不足 hypomagnesemia 低マグネシウム血症/低マグネシウム血 hypomagnesemic tetany 低マグネシウム血性テタニー hyponatremia [jpeds.or.jp]

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Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

We describe the evolution during pregnancy of a case of restrictive cardiomyopathy which first presented at 22 weeks' gestation with a large pericardial effusion. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cardiac sarcoidosis has the potential to lead to heart failure and ventricular arrhythmias ( 49 ) with sudden cardiac death as the major cause of mortality among patients [doi.org]

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Heart Failure

effusion) [emedicine.medscape.com]

hyponatremia and edema. [uscjournal.com]

Major secondary outcomes were all cause mortality during the trial period, all reported cardiovascular deaths, admission to hospital for heart failure, cardiovascular admission [doi.org]

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Hypervolemia

(pulmonary, pericardial, peritoneal) CHF Associated Co-morbidities [1] CHF Liver disease Kidney dysfunction Polydipsia Cancer SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic [physio-pedia.com]

(see Table: Principal Causes of Hyponatremia ). [merck.com]

Patients were classified as having a major CV event if the main cause of death or hospitalization was acute coronary syndrome, ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure [elsevier.pt]

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Acute Atrial Infarction

Uremic pericardial effusion was suspected, but two-dimensional echocardiography revealed a mass distorting the right atrium and right ventricle. This. . . [nejm.org]

Exercise Associated Hyponatremia 37. Fitz-hugh-curtis Syndrome 38. Guillain–barré Syndrome 39. Heat Stroke 40. Heterotopic Pregnancy 41. [prognosis-emergency.in.aptoide.com]

Other major clinical outcomes assessed included the combined end point of death and disabling stroke. [onlinejacc.org]

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Endomyocardial Fibrosis

X-ray features were typical of pericardial effusion masking underlying endomyocardial fibrosis. Endomyocardial fibrosis is a neglected research field. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This results in right heart failure, left heart failure, or both. The heart failure is associated with atrioventricular-valve regurgitation. [nejm.org]

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Low Cardiac Output Syndrome

Merce J, Sagrista-Sauleda J, Permanyer-Miralda G, Soler-Soler J (1998) Should pericardial drainage be performed routinely in patients who have a large pericardial effusion [scitcentral.com]

Specifically, tolvaptan is approved by the FDA for the treatment of euvolemic hyponatremia and hypervolemic hyponatremia. [healio.com]

LCOS can be considered a form of acute heart failure (AHF). [revespcardiol.org]

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Sarcoid Myocarditis

Abnormal wall motions, enlarged left ventricle, diastolic dysfunction and the presence of pericardial effusion are suggestive of myocarditis. [2] Gadolinium scan This is a [explainmedicine.com]

The discovery of myocarditis in 1 to 9 % of routine postmortem examinations suggests that myocarditis is a major cause of sudden, unexpected death [ 16 ]. [intechopen.com]

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Uremic Pneumonitis

Cancer or cancer treatment Certain cancers can cause a pericardial effusion. [healthline.com]

Legionella can also cause extrapulmonary symptoms like relative bradycardia and hyponatremia. [osmosis.org]

[…] related to pneumonia in this population Bacterial infections are a major cause of hospitalization in dialysis patients Hospitalization for septicemia is associated with an [renalandurologynews.com]

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Left Cardiac Ventricle Disorder

Effusion Clinical Disorder: Pseudoaneurysm Clinical Disorder: Pulmonary Artery Hypertension Clinical Disorder: Subaortic Membrane Clinical Disorder: Ventricular Septal Defect [play.google.com]

Specifically, tolvaptan is approved by the FDA for the treatment of euvolemic hyponatremia and hypervolemic hyponatremia. [healio.com]

Congestive heart failure is the major cause of cardiac death after myocardial infarction, often appearing within one to two years after the initial heart attack. [britannica.com]

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Secondary Cardiomyopathy

effusion; ECG improved as well. [radcliffecardiology.com]

[…] health problems, such as progressive heart failure, arrhythmia, thromboembolism and sudden cardiac death. [patient.info]

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Hypertension

Minoxidil can induce pericardial effusion. Minoxidil 5–100 1-3 8.1.5. [dx.doi.org]

Mechanical Ventilation, Oxygen Hemoglobin Dissociation Curve, Hypertension, Secondary Hypertension, Shock, Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), Medical Acid Base, VQ Mismatch, Hyponatremia [youtube.com]

High blood pressure is a major contributing risk factor to heart failure, heart attack, stroke, and chronic kidney disease. [doi.org]

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Myocardial Infarction

Commonly ignored, pericardial tamponade and acute large pericardial effusion can be the cause of cardiocirculatory collapse. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] oral carbohydrate-electrolyte (CE) liquids (I), compared with drinking water (C), change volume/hydration status, vital signs, development of hyperthermia, development of hyponatremia [doi.org]

MD Scope and Significance C oronary artery disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality as a result of acute myocardial infarction (MI) or subsequent heart failure [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Anterior Myocardial Infarction

effusion. [healio.com]

[…] patient who was admitted to our coronary care unit with acute anterior myocardial infarction (MI). 01) Anterior myocardial infarction was more frequent in patients with hyponatremia [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

The major cause of death in these patients are heart failure, cardiogenic shock and malignant ventricular arrthythmias due to larger AMI, significant reduction of left ventricular [sav.sk]

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Hypertensive Heart Disease

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, pericardial effusion, intracardiac tumors, cor pulmonale, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, infective endocarditis, prosthetic heart [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] hypokalemic periodic paralysis 低カリウム血症性周期性四肢麻痺 hypokinesia(s) 運動低下、ハイポカイネジア(シス) hypokinetic 運動低下の【形】 hypomagnesemia 低マグネシウム血症 hypomagnesemia-induced myocarditis 低マグネシウム血症性心筋炎 hyponatremia [j-circ.or.jp]

failure, or other CVD cause of death. [doi.org]

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Renal Function Impairment

A small pericardial effusion was evident on echocardiography, with no left ventricular hypertrophy. Magnetic resonance angiography revealed patent renal arteries. [academic.oup.com]

Electrolyte changes such as hypernatremia and hyperkalemia were more common in group A than group B, whereas hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and hypophosphatemia were more common [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Early detection can help prevent the progression of kidney disease to kidney failure. Heart disease is the major cause of death for all people with CKD. [kidney.org]

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Dilated Cardiomyopathy Type 3B

[…] appearance of cardiac amyloidosis includes LV and right ventricular (RV) wall thickness with a normal chamber size, pericardial effusion, granular myocardial appearance, [emedicine.medscape.com]

It is a common cause for heart failure, sudden cardiac death and the most common reason for heart transplantation. [blueprintgenetics.com]

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Obstructive Sleep Apnea

In 36 patients (35.3%) the pericardial effusion was diffuse, in 42 (41.2%), the pericardial effusion was located in front of the right atrium and the right ventricle, and [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

COPD, Acute Renal Failure, Mechanical Ventilation, Oxygen Hemoglobin Dissociation Curve, Hypertension, Shock, Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), Medical Acid Base, VQ Mismatch, Hyponatremia [youtube.com]

heart failure. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Aortic Valve Insufficiency

Left ventricle dilation and ejection fraction should also be investigated, as well as pulmonary hypertension, pericardial effusion and aortic dissection. [symptoma.com]

COPD, Acute Renal Failure, Mechanical Ventilation, Oxygen Hemoglobin Dissociation Curve, Hypertension, Shock, Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), Medical Acid Base, VQ Mismatch, Hyponatremia [youtube.com]

With conservative (medical) management of severe chronic AR, the linearized yearly rates of major events have been estimated as follows [25] : Death from any cause - 4.7% [emedicine.medscape.com]

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Anorexia Nervosa

In AN various cardiac complications may occur: hypotension, bradycardia, life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, pericardial effusion, reduction of left ventricular mass [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The hyponatremia was prioritized and corrected with fluids on hospital day one. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The most frequent causes of death associated with anorexia are starvation, electrolyte imbalance, heart failure, and suicide. [healthofchildren.com]

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