Intracranial Mass: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for Intracranial Mass

Papilledema

Papilledema can be caused by an intracranial mass lesion or by other factors. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The causes are protean, a veritable Augean stable of conditions (see below), the most common of which would be an intracranial mass or collection. [radiopaedia.org]

The term "papilledema" indicates swelling of the optic discs secondary to increased intracranial pressure. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Foster-Kennedy Syndrome

In the absence of an intracranial mass these findings may be labelled as pseudo-Foster Kennedy Syndrome. [jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com]

Keywords Optic Nerve Optic Disc Optic Nerve Head Optic Atrophy Intracranial Mass Introduction Foster Kennedy Syndrome is unilateral optic disc swelling with contralateral [dx.doi.org]

Mass [jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com]

Mass Lesion of the Brain

The proper management of an HIV-infected patient presenting with an intracranial mass lesion requires a working knowledge of the various etiologies of intracranial mass lesions [neurology.org]

This report presents an important case to consider in the differential diagnosis of intracranial mass lesions. [canlyme.com]

Key points Intracranial pathological processes may cause mass effect - displacement or compression of the brain Mass effect can be caused by intracranial masses, haemorrhage [radiologymasterclass.co.uk]

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a syndrome of elevated intracranial pressure without evidence of intracranial mass lesion or venous thrombosis, and bland cerebrospinal [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

It is not caused by an intracranial mass lesion or hydrocephalus and is characterized by abnormal elevation of intracranial pressure and normal composition of the cerebrospinal [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is a syndrome of raised intracranial pressure in the absence of an intracranial mass lesion, enlargement of the cerebral ventricles due [oxfordmedicine.com]

Cerebellar Mass Lesion

AJR Am J Roentgenol 1983 ; 140 : 861 –868 ↵ Evaluation and management of intracranial mass lesions in AIDS. [ajnr.org]

Non-localizing clinical manifestations Increased intracranial pressure Increased intracranial pressure is characteristic of many intracranial masses and it is related to tumor [dartmouth.edu]

Intracranial Hypertension

This may result from several conditions, including HYDROCEPHALUS; BRAIN EDEMA; intracranial masses; severe systemic HYPERTENSION; PSEUDOTUMOR CEREBRI; and other disorders. [profiles.umassmed.edu]

Pressure, Elevated Intracranial Pressure Increase, Intracranial NOTE do not confuse with INTRACRANIAL HYPOTENSION; coord IM with disease /physiopathol (IM) causing or caused by intracranial [finto.fi]

mass, hydrocephalus, cerebral venous thrombosis) No other identifiable cause of increased ICP Table 1. [pedsinreview.aappublications.org]

Arachnoid Cyst

Abstract Arachnoid cysts are benign congenital lesions of the central nervous system accounting for 1% of all intracranial masses. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Arachnoid cysts are intra-arachnoid collections of cerebrospinal fluid; congenital in origin, they account for about 1% of all atraumatic intracranial mass lesions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract Intracranial arachnoid cysts are rare cystic-appearing intracranial masses. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Brain Stem Herniation

[…] of mass effect. [radiopaedia.org]

Any increase in intracranial mass will first displace CSF into the spinal subarachnoid space. [neuropathology-web.org]

This should be followed immediately by diagnostic measures to allow definitive treatment of the intracranial mass lesion causing the decline. [neupsykey.com]

Xanthoma Disseminatum

In rare cases, it can appear as an intracranial mass. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract findings in a patient with an intracranial mass diagnosed as xanthoma disseminatum (XD). The mass demonstrated radiographic findings typical for a glioma. [citeseerx.ist.psu.edu]

CNS XD is sufficiently rare that routine inclusion in a radiologic differential diagnosis for intracranial mass lesions is unwarranted. [ajnr.org]

Dural Sinus Malformation

The size of the intracranial mass remained constant during the second trimester and was observed to decrease from 33 weeks of gestation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

seizure, headache, or other signs of an intracranial mass.1 Dural AVMs (DAVMs) have been estimated to represent 10–15% of cranial AVMs.2 The clinical features depend on [nature.com]

An ultrasonography examination of a 32-year-old woman at 25 weeks' gestation indicated a fetal posterior fossa mass. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Optic Nerve Infarction

(in contrast true foster kennedy syndrome ,secondary to intracranial mass) 17. [slideshare.net]

Compressive visual pathway lesions simulating NTG are uncommon. 3 Ahmed and colleagues found intracranial masses in only 6% of NTG patients. 4 The likelihood of identifying [glaucomatoday.com]

Bilateral disc edema is papilledema, until proven otherwise with neuroimaging for an intracranial mass. [reviewofoptometry.com]

Ossifying Fibromyxoid Tumor

(Oncol Lett 2013;5:1301) 43 year old woman with mediastinal mass (Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015;8:2139) 46 year old man with intracranial mass (Cureus 2020;12:e10662) 52 year [pathologyoutlines.com]

Common metastatic sites are lung and soft tissue Case reports 26 year old man with painless mass in the tongue (Head Face Med 2013;9:16) 36 year old man with left thigh mass [pathologyoutlines.com]

Cutaneous Meningioma

Although no evidence of an enhancing mass lesion was seen intracranially, there was presence of gliosis, suggestive of a previous intracranial mass. [ijdvl.com]

FIGURE 4 Cranioencephalic CT revealed frontal mass and a bony defect in the frontal bone (*). There were no intracranial masses detected. [scielo.br]

(a) A slowly growing asymptomatic mass over scalp on the right parieto-occipital region. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pineal Region Mature Teratoma

Imaging Findings Plain CT of the brain on the day of admission demonstrated a large, lobulated, heterogeneous, 7.4 × 4.5 × 3.7-cm, midline intracranial mass (Figs 1, 2). [pubs.rsna.org]

Key Diagnostic Features: Mass containing calcium, soft tissue, cysts, and fat Minimal to absent edema in a mature teratoma Typical intracranial location is midline (pineal [ajnr.org]

[…] lipoma: fatty components only intracranial dermoid: more mature tissue craniopharyngioma: particularly for suprasellar lesions other pineal region tumors intracranial fat [radiopaedia.org]

Synovial Chondromatosis

Synovial Chondromatosis of the Temporomandibular Joint Presenting as an Intracranial Mass. [jamanetwork.com]

mass with facial nerve paralysis, vertigo, and sensorineural hearing loss. ( Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1990;116:1334-1337) Full Text Download PDF Full Text Cite This [jamanetwork.com]

[…] case of synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint is described that infiltrated the capsule, eroded the petrous portion of temporal bone, and presented as an intracranial [jamanetwork.com]

Supratentorial Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor

Clinical presentation is non-specific and cannot be distinguished from other aggressive intracranial masses. [radiopaedia.org]

Symptoms of raised intracranial pressure, seizures and focal neurology may be present. [radiopaedia.org]

Nasal Glial Heterotopia

Paraclinical exams, including CT scan, revealed the mass features without an intracranial conheterotopic nervous tissue masses (glioma), located in nasal region present some [jpss.eu]

No communication between the mass and the intracranial structures or bony defect of the skull base was noted. [austinpublishinggroup.com]

There was no intracranial extension or any other intracranial mass. All the routine hematological and biochemical investigations were normal. [ispub.com]

Epidural Hematoma

Head Injury Pathophysiology and Management: The role of surgery for intracranial mass lesions after head injury. 2nd ed. Oxford. [slideshare.net]

This kind of EDH may account for approximately 5% of all posttraumatic intracranial mass lesions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prominent physicians of the 17th and 18th centuries such as Heister, Pott, and Larry began to correlate the presence of intracranial mass lesions with somatic manifestations [medlink.com]

Pseudopapilledema

mass, trauma/subdural hemorrhage, meningitis, subdural venous thrombosis, arteriovenous malformation and idiopathic increase in intracranial pressure.9-11 This article reviews [reviewofoptometry.com]

Causes of papilledema[11]: Expanding mass lesion (e.g. brain tumor) Cerebral edema due to stroke Intracranial hemorrhage Compression of the ventricular system in the posterior [eyewiki.aao.org]

[…] the nerve fiber layer (NFL).8 Causes of papilledema in the pediatric population may include, but are not limited to, Guillain-Barré syndrome, spina bifida, hydrocephalus, intracranial [reviewofoptometry.com]

Pineal Region Immature Teratoma

Depending on its type, size, and localization, they can cause an intracranial mass effect with motor abnormalities, visual disturbances, aqueductal stenosis with hydrocephalus [cureus.com]

[…] lipoma: fatty components only intracranial dermoid: more mature tissue craniopharyngioma: particularly for suprasellar lesions other pineal region tumors intracranial fat [radiopaedia.org]

and intracranial hypertension symptoms, or even diabetes insipidus and slow growth associated with compressive hypothalamic syndromes [1,2]. [cureus.com]

Basal Ganglia Mass Lesion

This report presents an important case to consider in the differential diagnosis of intracranial mass lesions. [canlyme.com]

Primary CNS lymphoma is second most common cause of intracranial mass lesions in HIV infected patients. [bioline.org.br]

Evaluation and management of intracranial mass lesions in AIDS. Neurology 1998;50:21-6. [ PUBMED ] 24. Fertikh D, Krejza J, Cunqueiro A, Danish S, Alokaili R, Melhem ER. [jpgmonline.com]

Intracranial Neoplasm

Treatment or prophylaxis with the anticonvulsants should be administered to all gravid patients presenting with intracranial mass and increased intracranial pressure who are [ispub.com]

masses and in determining the visual prognosis of patients with this type of pathology. [austinpublishinggroup.com]

B: Sagittal T2 weighted MR image revealing an endonasal hyperintense mass without intracranial connection. [diagnosticpathology.biomedcentral.com]

Benign Abducens Nerve Palsy

mass (eg, subdural hematoma, tumor, abscess) Trochlear (4th) Moves eye in and down via the superior oblique muscle Palsies Often idiopathic Head trauma Infarction often due [merckmanuals.com]

It is a syndrome of raised intracranial pressure in the absence of localizing neurological signs, intracranial mass lesions or cerebrospinal outflow obstruction. [jpgmonline.com]

[…] lesions, such as gliomatosis cerebri, meningitis, and intracranial sino-venous thrombosis, which may not have computed tomography abnormalities. [neurologyindia.com]

Frontal Lobe Neoplasm

Non-localizing clinical manifestations Increased intracranial pressure Increased intracranial pressure is characteristic of many intracranial masses and it is related to tumor [dartmouth.edu]

Tumor edema, if present, is treated with corticosteroids and ventricular drainage if needed Two unique goals in caring for patients with intracranial mass lesions are 1) minimization [openanesthesia.org]

mass lesion. [thamburaj.com]

Tuberculoma

Methods: retrospective review of patient’s medical records of patients operated for intracranial mass that had computerized tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging brain [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cerebral tuberculoma is a rare cause of intracranial mass. In Latin America and Colombia where tuberculosis is endemic, it represents between 5 and 30% of brain tumours. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Tuberculosis should be considered in children with a chronic headache or focal neurologic deficit and a supra-tentorial intracranial mass in endemic countries like Ethiopia [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Teratoma of the Brain

Major signs are macrocephaly, intracranial mass and hydrocephalus. [casereports.bmj.com]

Intracranial teratomas appear as irregular echogenic masses with transonic areas 5. [ispub.com]

The diagnosis is made at or after 20 weeks of gestation. [6] However, the differential diagnosis for a sonographically diagnosed intracranial mass also includes astrocytoma [ijpmonline.org]

Spinal Puncture

Relative contraindications include Infection at the puncture site Bleeding diathesis Increased intracranial pressure due to an intracranial mass lesion, obstructed CSF outflow [merckmanuals.com]

As previously noted, the risk of herniation is 0 –5 % in those patients who are known to have intracranial masses. [meds.queensu.ca]

Anisocoria

mass glaucoma Adie's Pupils Miosis (Pupil constriction) of one, but not the other iritis cervical sympathetic paralysis miotic drug (e.g. [gpnotebook.co.uk]

This is because a hemorrhage, tumor or another intracranial mass can enlarge to a size where the third cranial nerve (CN III) is compressed, which results in uninhibited dilatation [en.wikipedia.org]

[…] than 2mm, that is not associated with disease Differential Diagnosis: General congenital tabes dorsalis trigeminal neuralgia carotid aneurysm aortic aneurysm unilateral intracranial [gpnotebook.co.uk]

Subarachnoid Abscess

Evaluation and management of intracranial mass lesions in AIDS. Neurology, 50, 21–6. Sharma R, Mohandas K, Cooke RPD (2009). [enetmd.com]

Chang KH, song IC, KIm SH et al: In vivo single-Voxel proton MR spectroscopy in intracranial cystic masses. AJNR the 1998; 19: 401-405. 23. [neurologyindia.com]

Surgery: The aim of surgery is to make a definitive diagnosis reduce the tumour mass to relieve the symptoms of raised intracranial pressure reduce the tumour mass as a precursor [surgwiki.com]

Mucocele of the Paranasal Sinus

These lesions may be associated with clinical signs of a periorbital or intracranial mass. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The intracranial mass arises from spread through the greater wing of the left sphenoid [black arrows in (a)]. [78stepshealth.us]

It also helps in differentiating a nasal mass with an intracranial extension from a cystic mass such as a meningocele 5. [ejo.eg.net]