Leg Edema: Possible Causes & Differential Diagnoses

Liver Cirrhosis
Leg Edema

Especially in the later stages, people with cirrhosis experience significant symptoms such as abdominal swelling, itching, leg edema, and chronic abdominal pain which would^[1]
Right-Sided Heart Failure
Leg Edema

Right-sided heart failure is characterized by insufficient output by the right heart and increased systemic venous and pulmonary pressures. The most common cause is left-sided heart failure but various other conditions may be responsible as well. Principal symptoms include distal edema and profuse weakness and…^[2]
Nephrotic Syndrome
Edema Leg Edema

This is a nonspecific disease of the kidney characterized by proteinuria, edema and hypoalbuminemia. It results from increased permeability of the glomerulus leading to massive loss of protein in the urine. The commonest presenting features are those due to fluid retention. Facial edema is usually the first sign of…^[3]
Acute Kidney Failure
Leg Edema

Acute kidney failure (acute kidney injury or acute renal failure) is the abrupt loss of the kidney's capacity to remove metabolic wastes from the blood and to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance in the body for optimum health. AKF, if left untreated, is potentially fatal. The presentation depends on the etiology…^[4]
Congestive Heart Failure
Pulmonary Edema Edema Leg Edema

Congestive heart failure (CHF) or congestive cardiac failure (CCF) refers to chronic, usually biventricular failure of the heart. The patients of congestive cardiac failure present with features of left and right heart failure. The clinical manifestations are as below. Features due to left heart failure: Dyspnea,…^[5]
Venous Disorder of Lower Extremity
Leg Edema
Lipedema
Edema Leg Edema

Lipedema or lipoedema (European spelling) is an incurable, chronically progressive affliction that occurs almost exclusively in women. It causes a symmetrical accumulation of fat in the subcutaneous tissue that disproportionately affects the lower limbs from buttocks to ankles. The legs may also be sensitive and prone…^[6]
Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Edema Leg Edema

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension implies prolonged narrowing or complete obstruction of pulmonary vessels, which is most likely due to a non-resolving thrombi in the setting of a previous pulmonary embolism. It is a rare entity in clinical practice, but more than 50% of patients suffering from this…^[7]
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Edema Leg Edema

Pulmonary arterial hypertension is characterized by an increased resistance of the pulmonary artery, a condition that stresses the right ventricle and atrium and may lead to heart failure. Primary pulmonary arterial hypertension is an idiopathic disorder; secondary pulmonary arterial hypertension most commonly…^[8]
Venous Insufficiency
Leg Edema

Venous insufficiency refers to the condition in which inadequate volumes of blood from the legs are returned to the heart. There is a range of symptoms that includes the following: Dull aches, heaviness and cramping in the legs Itching and tingling in the legs Pain that worsens when standing Swelling in the legs…^[9]

Possible Causes for Leg Edema in USA

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References