Low Birth Weight: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for Low Birth Weight

Distal Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 1

SMARD1 patients usually present low birth weight, diaphragmatic palsy and distal muscular atrophy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Patients typically have a history of intrauterine growth retardation, low birth weight, feeble cry, weak suck and failure to thrive and present with inspiratory stridor, recurrent [orpha.net]

Seckel Syndrome

There remains a heterogeneous group of low birth weight microcephalic dwarfism yet to be defined. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Seck·el syn·drome ( sek'ĕl ), [MIM*210600] an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by low birth weight, dwarfism, microcephaly, large eyes, beaked nose, receding mandible [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Dwarfism, low birth weight. Small head, large eyes, beak-like nose, narrow face, and receding mandible. Laryngeal stenosis. [accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com]

Chromosome 18p Deletion Syndrome

Affected neonates are hypotonic and have low birth weight, microcephaly, a round face with wide-set eyes, downward slanting of the palpebral fissures (with or without epicanthal [merckmanuals.com]

The baby was admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit for eight days due to low birth weight. [ijcasereportsandimages.com]

weight less than 10th percentile Low birth weight [ more ] 0001518 Sporadic No previous family history 0003745 Showing of 53 | Last updated: 5/1/2019 If you need medical [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome

An autosomal dominant [MIM 194190] chromosome deletion complex characterised by low birth weight, microcephaly, ‘Greek helmet’ facies—micrognathia, hypertelorism, epicanthus [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

WHEREAS, children with 4p- syndrome are usually born with low birth weight and develop slowly, both cognitively and physically, compared to their same-age peers and experience [michigan.gov]

Cockayne Syndrome

At birth, they both appeared normal, although both demonstrated a low birth weight and breech presentation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

CS should be considered in babies with low birth weight and congenital cataract. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cockayne syndrome (CS) is a recessively inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by low-to-normal birth weight; growth failure; brain dysmyelination with calcium [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Autosomal Recessive Primary Microcephaly Type 10

Typically, people with primordial dwarfism are born with very low birth weights. [en.wikipedia.org]

Hallermann-Streiff Syndrome

weight less than 10th percentile Low birth weight [ more ] 0001518 Sparse hair 0008070 Spina bifida 0002414 Sporadic No previous family history 0003745 Telangiectasia 0001009 [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT Birth weight is normal in about 64%, prematurity and/or low birth weight occurring in the other 36% [Su- zuki et al., 19701. [vdocuments.site]

The patient was pre term (34 weeks) low birth weight (2.2 kg) first child of non-consanguineous parents. [omicsonline.org]

Johanson-Blizzard Syndrome

The severity of this condition varies from one case to another presenting the abnormal facial features, dental problems and low birth weight. [mybiosource.com]

Clinical presentation There is wide variability in the clinical presentation, but common features are: low birth weight hypotonia intellectual disability (wide range) delayed [radiopaedia.org]

weight less than 10th percentile Low birth weight [ more ] 0001518 Sparse scalp hair Scalp hair, thinning Sparse, thin scalp hair sparse-absent scalp hair [ more ] 0002209 [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

3M Syndrome Type 3

Clinical description Infants present with severe postnatal (and prenatal) growth retardation, usually associated with a low birth weight (<2nd centile). [orpha.net]

In most cases, infants with Three M syndrome are unusually small and have a low birth weight despite being carried to term. [rarediseases.org]

birth weight. [en.wikipedia.org]

Seckel Syndrome Type 2

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot : 72 Seckel syndrome 2: A rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by proportionate dwarfism of prenatal onset associated with low birth weight [malacards.org]

Definition A rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by proportionate dwarfism of prenatal onset associated with low birth weight, growth retardation, severe microcephaly [uniprot.org]

Affected animals present a wide range of clinical features that include the following: delayed development with low birth weight, hind limb muscular hypoplasia, caprine-like [hal.inria.fr]

15q24 Deletion Syndrome

Low birth weight (less than third centile) Low birth weight (less than fifth centile) Low birth weight (less than second centile) 75th centile OFC Less than third centile [academic.oup.com]

low birth weight obesity (less common) Skeletal Feet: abnormal insertion of the toes Endocrine Features: growth hormone deficiency (2 patients) hypogonadotropic hypogonadism [malacards.org]

Variables and measurements First, we determined which children had each of these phenotypes: male gender, developmental delay, low birth weight/intrauterine growth restriction [peerj.com]

Galloway-Mowat Syndrome

Clinical Correlations: Infants have a low birth weight due to intrauterine growth retardation. [disorders.eyes.arizona.edu]

Antenatal Bartter Syndrome

Neonatal bartter syndrome in an extremely low birth weight baby. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl [serial online] 2017 [cited 2019 Jul 18];28:1162-4. [sjkdt.org]

Abstract Early diagnosis of Bartter syndrome (BS) in the neonatal period is a clinical challenge, more so in an extremely low birth weight (ELBW) baby because of the inherent [sjkdt.org]

Neonatal bartter syndrome in an extremely low birth weight baby. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2017;28:1162-4 How to cite this URL: Hegde D, Mondkar J, Abdagire N. [sjkdt.org]

Dwarfism Type Levi

[…] t=27118 snub-nose dwarfism Dwarfism characterised by low birth weight, snub nose, and stocky build; autosomal dominant inheritance. [encyclo.co.uk]

low birth weight Head And Neck Nose: snub-nose Growth Height: proportionate dwarfism Clinical features from OMIM: 127100 Drugs & Therapeutics for Dwarfism, Levi Type Genetic [malacards.org]

People with primordial dwarfism are born at extremely low birth weights. [dailymail.co.uk]

Drayer Syndrome

low birth weight Growth Other: failure to thrive intrauterine growth retardation Growth Height: short stature Head And Neck Eyes: strabismus blepharophimosis Skeletal Feet [malacards.org]

Birth weight 1940g (60th centile), length 44cm (50th centile), head circumference 31.2cm (above 60th centile); dysmorphic features: short palpebral fissures, broad and flat [ssmc-tl.com]

[…] cryptorchidism hypospadias micropenis Skeletal Hands: brachydactyly absence or hypoplastic middle phalanges Cardiovascular Heart: septal defects congenital cardiac anomalies Growth Weight [malacards.org]

Chromosome 16q22 Deletion Syndrome

Clinical description At birth, approximately 1/3 of patients have low birth weight consistent with intrauterine growth retardation. [orpha.net]

3q29 Microdeletion

In particular, mild to moderate cognitive deficits, speech delay, low birth weight, a high nasal root, and ocular abnormalities are common findings (Table 1). [bmcmedgenomics.biomedcentral.com]

Nonetheless, 64% of patients had a low birth weight and feeding problems, while ~30% of cases had neuropsychiatric disorders (anxiety, panic attacks, depression or bipolar [frontiersin.org]

Infants often have a high-pitched cry and low birth weight. [portal.bsc.gwu.edu]

Syndromic Diarrhea

His paper described 2 siblings who presented with low birth weight, dysmorphic features and abnormal ‘wooly’ hair6. [gradesfixer.com]

The relationship between low birth weight, dysmorphism, severe diarrhea, hair shaft defect, immune deficiency and neonatal hemochromatosis-like liver disease is unclear. [doi.org]

birth weight, [4],[5],[6] variable immunodeficiency-like defective antibody responses, defective antigen-specific skin tests and monoclonal hyperimmunoglobulinemia A, [3] [saudijgastro.com]

Autosomal Recessive Mental Retardation Type 5

Infants with extremely low birth weight are at risk for intracranial hemorrhage and hypoglycemia resulting from a lack of hepatic glycogen storage. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Low birth-weight, round-face, hypertelorism (wide-set eyes), low-set ears, epicanthal folds. [kumc.edu]

Fetal Akinesia - Cerebral and Retinal Hemorrhage Syndrome

birth weight Prenatal Manifestations Movement: decreased fetal movements Clinical features from OMIM: 615368 Human phenotypes related to Lethal Congenital Contracture Syndrome [malacards.org]

fetal 8 to 26 weeks: mean values by week, 663 estimating, 13 estimations of, 138–139, 316–317 placenta:fetal-weight ratio by age, 152 see also birth weight, low weight/length [assets.cambridge.org]

birth weight, growth retardation, severe microcephaly with a bird-headed like appearance, and mental retardation. [molsoft.com]

Shwachman Syndrome

weight less than 10th percentile Low birth weight [ more ] 0001518 Specific learning disability 0001328 Steatorrhea Fat in feces 0002570 Showing of 53 | Last updated: 3/1 [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

[…] epiphysiolysis Slipped end part of innermost thighbone 0006461 Respiratory distress Breathing difficulties Difficulty breathing [ more ] 0002098 Small for gestational age Birth [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

Vaginitis

BV is more likely to cause premature birth or those with low birth weight. Can it be cured? [completewomencare.com]

If left untreated, BV may result in increased risk of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), infertility, pre-term birth, premature rupture of membranes, low birth weight, intra-amniotic [dph.illinois.gov]

Premature delivery and low birth weight of the baby are more common in women with bacterial vaginosis. Early diagnosis and treatment is important. [dph.illinois.gov]

Iron Deficiency

Here's how: If your baby was born prematurely or at a low birth weight, talk with his doctor about iron supplements. [babycenter.com]

In pregnant women, severe iron deficiency anemia has been linked to premature births and low birth weight babies. [mayoclinic.org]

Between 9 and 24 months, all children are at high risk for anemia, but these babies are at highest risk: Premature and low-birth-weight babies age 2 months old and older. [babycenter.com]

Bacterial Vaginosis

The group with low birth weight had a mean (±SD) gestational age of 32.4±3.2 weeks and a mean birth weight of 1822±556 g. [doi.org]

The women with bacterial vaginosis were more likely to be unmarried, to be black, to have low incomes, and to have previously delivered low-birth-weight infants. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Risks of BV during pregnancy include delivering an infant preterm (before 37 weeks of pregnancy) and delivering an infant with a low birth weight (generally, 5.5 pounds or [nichd.nih.gov]

Sexually Transmitted Disease

birth canal during delivery M & B – Antibiotics approved by OB/GYN Bacterial Vaginosis B – Premature birth, low birth weight Can transfer in the birth canal during delivery [americanpregnancy.org]

Many STDs such as AIDS, herpes and syphilis, can be passed on from mother to the baby at birth. STDs can also cause low birth weight and premature babies. [childrenshospital.org]

Pregnant women with trichomoniasis are more likely to give birth too early, and their babies are more likely have a low birth weight. [nlm.nih.gov]

Iron Deficiency Anemia

It does not apply to children younger than age 6 months or older than 24 months, children who are severely malnourished, children who were born prematurely or with low birth [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

birth weight, diet characteristics, such as the habit of milk consumption close to meals, low exclusive and full breastfeeding time) and economic indicators (low per capita [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Premature or low birth weight babies may need to be tested earlier. [ucsfbenioffchildrens.org]

Cutaneous Candidiasis

Congenital candidiasis is rare occurring in most cases in premature and low birth weight new born. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Extremely low birth weight, premature neonates weighing <1000 g most often presented with a widespread desquamating and/or erosive dermatitis (10 of 15 [67%]), and were at [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[Journal Article] J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2019Prabhakar P, Batra P, … Harit DJN With improved and prolonged survival of very and extremely low birth weight infants, invasive [unboundmedicine.com]

Umbilical Hernia

Low birth weight and premature infants are more likely to have an umbilical hernia. [schn.health.nsw.gov.au]

Low birth weight and premature infants are also more likely to have an umbilical hernia. Boys and girls are equally affected. [cincinnatichildrens.org]

birth weights. [mayoclinic.com]

Preeclampsia

BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia is associated with low birth weight, both because of increased risks of preterm and of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) births. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Adverse perinatal outcomes for the fetus and newborn include intrauterine growth restriction, low birth weight, and stillbirth. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

There were no significant differences between donors and nondonors with respect to rates of preterm birth (8% and 7%, respectively) or low birth weight (6% and 4%, respectively [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Congenital Deafness

PERINATAL CAUSES► Ototoxic drugs► Radiation► Ultrasound► Maternal diabetes  Hypoxia  Hyperbilirubinemia  Preterm delivery  Low birth weight 9. [slideshare.net]

Image source: Health.dngmedia.co.in Low Birth Weight Taking steps to prevent a low birth weight is also a good way to prevent congenital hearing loss. [speechbuddy.com]

birth weight < 1500 g► Neonatal asphyxia► Hyperbilirubinaemia► Bacterial meningitis► Ototoxic drugs 11. [slideshare.net]