Lymphadenopathy: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for Lymphadenopathy

Common Cold

Infectious mononucleosis (glandular fever) : presents with persistent severe sore throat, fever, cervical lymphadenopathy and malaise; it is particularly common in teenagers [patient.info]

Anterior cervical lymphadenopathy is common in bacterial pharyngitis and difficulty in swallowing may be present. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Upper Respiratory Infection

Primary HIV infection can be another cause of lymphadenopathy. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Her throat appeared to have erythematous, swollen tonsils, greater on the left with left-sided cervical lymphadenopathy and diffuse, painful swelling. [healio.com]

Centor Criteria for Pharyngitis and Tonsillitis Clinical finding Points Absence of cough 1 Age 3 to 14 years 1 15 to 45 years 0 Older than 45 years –1 Anterior cervical lymphadenopathy [aafp.org]

Insect Bite

Characteristic symptoms are malaise, fever, chills, lymphadenopathy, arthalgia and abdominal pain. Papular urticaria. [symptoma.com]

A condition mainly seen in Japanese children, in which a mosquito bite is followed by local skin necrosis combined with fever, lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly ( 21 [doi.org]

Lymphadenopathy and fever may be observed. Scratching may lead to secondary bacterial infection or allow transmission of trypanosoma. [symptoma.com]

Adenovirus Infection

HAdV infection also shows KD-like symptoms such as conjunctival injection, red cracked lips, and cervical lymphadenopathy. [ped-rheum.biomedcentral.com]

Classically, preauricular lymphadenopathy can be palpated. [eyerounds.org]

Children may have fever and lymphadenopathy. Malaise and headache are reported. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Sexually Transmitted Disease

Three were diagnosed in 2009 in HIV-negative heterosexuals patients that presented the classical genito-ulcerative form with lymphadenopathy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Non-tender lymphadenopathy may be present. [web.archive.org]

Lymphadenopathy may persist for months, despite healing of the chancre. [atsu.edu]

Dermatitis

In both forms of TB, lymphadenopathy evolves towards abscess and presents fibrotic scars or calcifications upon healing (6). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The clinical exam also revealed lymphadenopathy syndrome (large, painful submandibular, cervical, and axillar bilateral lymph nodes; an indurated, painful, and adherent left [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A combination of specific antituberculous drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol) for 6 months resolved the lymphadenopathy syndrome with no further recurrence [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Toxoplasmosis

[…] the case for seven of 16 patients with lymphadenopathy of less than 3 months’ duration. [cvi.asm.org]

After having obtained an insufficient evidence from the fine-needle biopsy, the patient finally received an excisional biopsy which highly indicated the possibility of lymphadenopathy [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A 63-year-old woman presented with laterocervical and axillary bilateral lymphadenopathy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Infectious Mononucleosis

AIM: To depict the grey-scale and Doppler features of cervical lymphadenopathy due to infectious mononucleosis (IM) and to compare the findings with other benign conditions [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Benign lymphadenopathy with extensive necrosis Any benign lymphadenopathy may at times show necrosis, either focal or extensive. [doi.org]

A 20-year-old man was hospitalized for the evaluation of lymphadenopathy and systemic symptoms. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Herpes Zoster

These ulcers may be accompanied by fever and submandibular lymphadenopathy. [mja.com.au]

[…] forehead and upper eyelid, progressing to crusting after 2-3 weeks; resolution often involves scarring periorbital oedema (may close the eyelids and spread to opposite side) lymphadenopathy [college-optometrists.org]

Bowers and Ling Zhang, Reactive Lymphadenopathy with Diffuse Paracortical Pattern—Infectious Etiology, Non‐Neoplastic Hematopathology and Infections, (323-346), (2012). [oadoi.org]

Polyarthritis

Figure 2: (a) Computed tomography of the chest showing the presence of axillary lymphadenopathy. [indianjrheumatol.com]

Case presentation We present a case of a 45-year-old Asian man with diffuse large B cell lymphoma presenting with generalized lymphadenopathy, transient macular rash, and [jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com]

Check major lymph nodes for evidence of lymphadenopathy. Check the skin for rashes (eg, psoriasis, SLE) and evidence of vasculitis. [patient.info]

Acute Laryngitis

This is called reactive lymphadenopathy because it is a normal response, or reaction, to an infection. [primaryimmune.org]

Carcinoma of the Prostate

We describe a case of 64-year old man who clinically presented with inguinal lymphadenopathy. [pagepressjournals.org]

Pulmonary metastasis and generalized lymphadenopathy commonly develop after pelvic and bone involvement have already occurred. [casesjournal.biomedcentral.com]

19 cases they reported had left supraclavicular lymphadenopathy as the initial manifestation of prostate adenocarcinoma. [omicsonline.org]

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Phantom lymphadenopathy may be a symptom in some people with CFS, and possible reasons for this are discussed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A Japanese woman developed prolonged fatigue, neck and shoulder pain, headache, pyrexia, insomnia, anorexia, lymphadenopathy, and diarrhea for two months. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] syndrome (ME/CFS) is characterized by unexplained persistent fatigue, commonly accompanied by cognitive dysfunction, sleeping disturbances, orthostatic intolerance, fever, lymphadenopathy [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pneumonia

Importance of the field: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common and potentially life-threatening illness that continues to be a major medical problem. Among infectious diseases, CAP is the leading cause of death in the world and is associated with a substantial economic burden to health are systems around[…] [dx.doi.org]

Cellulitis

In our case, with the knowledge of tick exposure to the scalp, tularaemia was not initially considered for facial cellulitis without regional lymphadenopathy and also due [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Clinical presentations include skin erythema without a well-defined border, increased skin temperature, swelling of the affected area, and regional lymphadenopathy and lymphangitis [radiopaedia.org]

The major findings are local erythema and tenderness and, in more severe infections, often lymphangitis and regional lymphadenopathy. [msdmanuals.com]

Scarlet Fever

Accompanying tender cervical lymphadenopathy is typical. [patient.info]

Go to Scarlet fever is caused by gram stain-positive group A beta hemolytic streptococci (GABS), its symptoms include: fever, pharyngitis, red strawberry tongue, cervical lymphadenopathy [youtube.com]

[…] of cough in 66% reinfections (95% CI, 33%–79%) versus 77% of initial episodes (95% CI, 64%–100%); tonsillar exudate in 0% versus 20% (95% CI, 0%–40%), respectively; and lymphadenopathy [analesdepediatria.org]

Malignant Angioendotheliomatosis

There was no lymphadenopathy; however, the spleen was palpable 5 cm below the left costal margin. [myslide.es]

IVLBCL is characterized by an absence of lymphadenopathy, an aggressive clinical course and a poor prognosis. [orpha.net]

(C84.4) M9703/3 T-zone lymphoma (C84.2) M9704/3 Lymphoepithelioid lymphoma, malignant, primary site (C84.3) M9705/3 Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, AILD (angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy [www0.sun.ac.za]

Abscess

Local cellulitis, lymphangitis, regional lymphadenopathy, fever, and leukocytosis are variable accompanying features. [merckmanuals.com]

Pharyngitis

Presence of hepatosplenomegaly or lymphadenopathy outside the cervical region should raise suspicions regarding an underlying malignancy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

She had an intact airway with moderate trismus and mild anterior cervical lymphadenopathy. She was afebrile. [aafp.org]

Fever, myalgia, and lymphadenopathy also are found. Other causes of pharyngitis Oral thrush is due to candidal species, usually in patients who are immunocompromised. [web.archive.org]

Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma

The children had near-normal calcitonin levels, and none had sonographic evidence of suspicious thyroid nodules or cervical lymphadenopathy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] neoplasia (MEN)-2B variant of medullary thyroid carcinoma and to optimize the management option in such cases, we present a nine year old boy with thyroid swelling, cervical lymphadenopathy [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Palpable cervical lymphadenopathy signifies disease that has progressed locally. [reference.medscape.com]

Carcinoma of the Lung

Pneumonia, pleural effusion, wheeze, lymphadenopathy are not uncommon. [radiopaedia.org]

Thoracic mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Pleural right effusion in moderate quantity Figure 2. First CT, second image. [medichub.ro]

Squamous cell carcinoma 25 Central, associated more with smoking Large cell carcinoma 10 Peripheral Small cell lung cancer (small cell, combined small cell) 15 Central, massive lymphadenopathy [aafp.org]

Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Palpation of the supraclavicular, axillary, and inguinal lymph nodes may reveal lymphadenopathy, which can be indicative of metastasis. [en.wikipedia.org]

Viral Exanthem

Localized lymphadenopathy may develop in the area where the eruption began. [contemporarypediatrics.com]

What Viral exanthem causes lymphadenopathy? Where does Rubella replicate and then spread to? [quizlet.com]

In several of the patients fever, lymphadenopathy, leukopenia, and oral lesions ranging from erythema to erosions were associated with the eruption. [pediatrics.aappublications.org]

Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) demonstrated abnormal accumulation of fluorodeoxyglucose in the thickened wall of the small intestine and multiple lymphadenopathy [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A 70-year-old woman with lymphadenopathy was admitted to hospital in 2008. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In July 2008, he exhibited systemic multifocal lymphadenopathy and was diagnosed with DLBCL. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

B-Cell Lymphoma

Abstract A 70-year-old woman with lymphadenopathy was admitted to hospital in 2008. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A 28-year-old pregnant woman in the sixth month of gestation presented with complaints of altered bowel habit for a month, on examination found to have generalised lymphadenopathy [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We report a case of a primary CD20-negative DLBCL in an HIV-infected female patient with an Epstein Barr virus (EBV) coinfection, who presented with generalized lymphadenopathy [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

After 3 years, he presented a CLL progression with worsening lymphocytosis, anemia, thrombocytopenia, increased splenomegaly, and lymphadenopathies. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

An 80-year-old man presented with painless mass of the right parotid gland of 2 years duration with recent ulceration of the overlying skin and right cervical lymphadenopathy [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

III Lymphocytosis; lymphadenopathy; hepatosplenomegaly, anemia IV Lymphocytosis, lymphadenopathy; hepatosplenomegaly, thrombocytopenia anemia CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Dermatopathic Lymphadenopathy

In pathology, dermatopathic lymphadenopathy, is lymph node pathology due to skin disease. Dermatopathic lymphadenopathy is diagnosed by a lymph node biopsy. [en.wikipedia.org]

Dermatopathic lymphadenopathy should be considered in the differential diagnosis also in patients with minimal cutaneous findings. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

lymphadenopathy [ lim-fad″ĕ-nop ah-the ] angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy ( angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia (AILD)) a systemic disorder resembling [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Primary Immune Deficiency Disorder

Case #2 A 3-month-old Qatari female was admitted due to generalized rash, lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly diagnosed by her pediatrician. [hindawi.com]

Splenomegaly and generalized lymphadenopathy are present in many patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). [emedicine.medscape.com]

Patients with ALPS generally have elevated ALC with recurrent non-malignant lymphadenopathy and spleno-hepatomegaly. [indianpediatrics.net]

Follicular Lymphoma

The patient did not have any significant peripheral or axial lymphadenopathy, which made the diagnosis difficult in absence of histopathology. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In our report, a 62-year-old female was initially diagnosed with a low-grade follicular lymphoma, and 2 years later she presented with bilateral lung masses and lymphadenopathy [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This patient was a 58 years old with generalized lymphadenopathy and Ann Arbor Stage III disease. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Angioimmunoblastic Lymphadenopathy

A 20-year-old man with ulcerative colitis was admitted because of fever, eruption and lymphadenopathy. He had started taking salazosulfapyridine one month previously. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Both patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy. We present the two case histories and review the current literature. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Subsequent lymph node biopsy demonstrated typical angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy (AILD). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]