Enlargement of the tongue or macroglossia may be present at birth or be acquired. It may be associated with difficulties in speaking, eating, swallowing, and breathing.
Most common diseases
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
This article describes the complex orthodontic treatment of a 22-year-old patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy and macroglossia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
There is pseudohypertrophy of tongue (macroglossia in 30% cases) and calf muscles (60% cases). [symptoma.com]
[…] tendo Achillis reflex remains intact even in the later stages of this disease), pain in the calves with activity ( 30% of patients), pseudohypertrophy of the calf (60%), and macroglossia [emedicine.medscape.com]
Angioedema
Infection (e.g. deep neck space infection) Foreign body Superior vena cava syndrome Macroglossia (e.g. due to acromegaly, amyloid, or hypothyroidism) Functional or factitious [emcrit.org]
Gilbert Triplett, Massive Macroglossia Secondary to Angioedema: A Review and Presentation of a Case, Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 73, 5, (905), (2015). [doi.org]
Fabry Disease
We report the case of a 50-year-old male FD patient on hemodialysis who presented with macroglossia-related speaking difficulty and gastrointestinal symptoms. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Multiple Myeloma
The aim of this report is to describe a clinical case of an elderly patient with dysphagia related to macroglossia and enlargement caused by primary amyloidosis associated [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
We report the case of a 50-year-old male FD patient on hemodialysis who presented with macroglossia-related speaking difficulty and gastrointestinal symptoms. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Macroglossia may occur secondary to amyloid deposition in the tongue and is a common finding in patients with amyloidosis (see the image below). [emedicine.medscape.com]
Amyloidosis
The patient then received oral melphalan therapy and surgical intervention for macroglossia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
The aim of this report is to describe a clinical case of an elderly patient with dysphagia related to macroglossia and enlargement caused by primary amyloidosis associated [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
The presentation is protean, including macroglossia, a dilated and atonic esophagus, gastric polyps or enlarged folds, and luminal narrowing or ulceration of the colon. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Mucopolysaccharidosis
MPS II and VI patients showed a more pronounced macroglossia and all type I patients showed only slight macroglossia (Graphic 2). [arquivosdeorl.org.br]
However, access to secure the airway and for conventional surgery can be challenging, due to limited neck extension, macroglossia and reduced mouth opening. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
[…] hydrocephalus), heart valve abnormalities, distinctive-looking facial features that are described as "coarse," an enlarged liver and spleen (hepatosplenomegaly), and a large tongue (macroglossia [youtube.com]
Systemic Amyloidosis
Macroglossia was present in all three cases. Diagnosis was confirmed in all three cases by biopsy using haematoxylin and eosin staining and Congo red staining. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Instead of macroglossia or diffuse papular lesions on tongue, there is a localized nodulo-ulcerative lesion, and mimicking squamous cell carcinoma. [e-ijd.org]
Correspondingly, we have observed a high number of patients with typical symptoms of AL amyloidosis (macroglossia and periorbital bleeding in 41% of AL amyloidosis patients [doi.org]
Myxedema
Macroglossia is classified as true macroglossia, which exhibits abnormal histology with clinical findings, and relative macroglossia, in which normal histology does not correlate [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
[…] care -If thyroid labs don’t come back in timely fashion, proceed with thyroid replacement -CK is often elevated -Potentially challenging intubation: oropharyngeal edema, macroglossia [emdocs.net]
Surgery Trauma Physical Findings Physical findings in myxedema coma ( Table 2 ) may include the classic myxedematous face, which is characterized by generalized puffiness, macroglossia [aafp.org]
Mucopolysaccharidosis 2
Common signs and symptoms include a large head, full lips, large rounded cheeks, a broad nose, hoarse voice and an enlarged tongue (macroglossia). [symptoma.com]
An enlarged tongue (macroglossia) and narrowing of the trachea results in upper respiratory infections and sleep apnea. [transparencymarketresearch.com]
Physical findings: • Coarse facial features; • Narrowing of the cervical spinal canal (spinal stenosis); • Enlarged tongue (macroglossia) and vocal cords; • Enlarged liver [secure.ssa.gov]
Tongue Amyloidosis
0 comments, 0 ratings Abstract: Amyloidosis (AL) is a well recognized cause of macroglossia. [dental-update.co.uk]
Discussion: While macroglossia is thought to be pathognomonic of AL amyloidosis, we report a case of macroglossia with fibrillar ATTR amyloid deposits diagnosed by immuno-electron [bloodjournal.org]
Macroglossia means an enlarged tongue. It may be absolute (greater than the 95 th centile) or relative (enlarged compared with oral cavity). [radiopaedia.org]