Macrosomia: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for macrosomia

Diabetes in Pregnancy

However, women with GDM possibly exhibit greater macrosomia than obese women. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

MODY1, caused by HNF4A mutations, can paradoxically cause neonatal hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia and macrosomia, indicating that detecting these cases is also clinically important [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Postprandial blood sugars in particular have been associated with increased macrosomia rates. [clinicaltrials.gov]

Gestational Diabetes

(GDM-M) comparing with patients without macrosomia; ii, increased in GDM-M comparing with NC-P group; iii, increased in GDM-M comparing with NC. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The pronounced fetal macrosomia described cannot be attributed to GDM only. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The control group was younger, less obese, and had a lower rate of previous macrosomia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Maternal Diabetes Syndrome

macrosomia Fetal macrosomia ( 90th percentile for gestational age or 4000 g in the term infant) occurs in 15-45% of diabetic pregnancies. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Macrosomia Macrosomia refers to a baby that is considerably larger than normal. All of the nutrients the fetus receives come directly from the mother's blood. [stanfordchildrens.org]

[…] in the third trimester of pregnancy.3 Usually, macrosomia is not seen in those mothers with more severe and longer-standing diabetes (e.g., Classes F and R). [pediatricweb.com]

Polyhydramnios

Macrosomia at birth was present in 25.3% (22/88). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The overall incidence of CD was significantly higher among women with polyhydramnios (31.3%) compared to the controls (18.7%), (p KEYWORDS: Labouring caesarean; macrosomia [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] fluid, pregnancies idiopathic polyhydramnios was associated with over 24-fold higher risk for IUFD (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 24.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 7.3-82.0), macrosomia [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Simpson Dysmorphia Syndrome

Prenatal-onset overgrowth can be secondary to normal variants of familial tall stature, familial rapid maturation, diabetic macrosomia, and congenital nesidioblastosis, or [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Macrosomia Macroglossia Advanced bone age Organomegaly Neonatal hypoglycemia Neoplasms Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) "Bulldog" or "coarse" face (protruding jaw and [en.wikipedia.org]

Aids to diagnosing might include the presence of macrosomia, polyhydramnios, elevated maternal serum-α-fetoprotein, cystic hygroma, hydrops fetalis, increased nuchal translucency [en.wikipedia.org]

Neonatal Hypoglycemia

CONCLUSION: Diabetes was protective of neonatal hypoglycemia, which may be explained by optimum maternal glucose management; nevertheless macrosomia was independently predictive [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Fourteen infants demonstrated growth restriction, 1 had macrosomia, and 2 had mothers with diabetes mellitus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Macrosomia was present in 15% of the infants. [alliedacademies.org]

Uterine Atony

Risk factors [ edit ] Many factors can contribute to the loss of uterine muscle tone, including: [1] overdistention of the uterus multiple gestations polyhydramnios fetal macrosomia [en.wikipedia.org]

[…] when: You are delivering twins or triplets You are older than 35 years of age Your are obese or overweight You have excess of amniotic fluid called polyhydramnios Fetal macrosomia [mygynae.co.uk]

You may be at a higher risk of atony of the uterus if: you’re delivering multiples, such as twins or triplets your baby is much larger than average, which is called fetal macrosomia [healthline.com]

Melhem-Fahl Syndrome

and Facial Dysmorphism Syndrome macrocephaly-autism syndrome Macrophage Activation Syndrome Macrosomia Obesity Macrocephaly Ocular Abnormalities Macrosomia with Lethal Microphthalmia [rgd.mcw.edu]

[…] developmental delay dysmorphism Macrosomia microphthalmia cleft palate Macrothrombocytopenia progressive deafness Macrothrombocytopenia with leukocyte inclusions Macu Macular [statemaster.com]

[…] developmental delay dysmorphism Macrosomia microphthalmia cleft palate Macrothrombocytopenia progressive deafness Macrothrombocytopenia with leukocyte inclusions Macular [mindmappedia.com]

Transitory Tachypnea of the Newborn

Macrosomia. Excessive milking of cord. Maternal sedation. Clinical Features : Tachypnoea - resolves in 48-72 hrs. [mediconotebook.com]

Risk factors include elective cesarean section, excessive administration of fluids to the mother during labor, male gender, and macrosomia (a newborn with excessive birth [thoracickey.com]

Other risk factors include macrosomia, maternal diabetes and/or asthma, lower gestational age, and male sex. [merckmanuals.com]

Uterine Rupture in Pregnancy

Incidence and risk factors Congenital uterine anomalies, multiparity, previous uterine myomectomy, the number and type of previous cesarean deliveries, fetal macrosomia, labor [laparoscopyhospital.com]

[…] cesarean delivery with a low transverse incision, who are otherwise appropriate candidates for twin vaginal delivery, may be considered candidates for TOLAC. [28] Fetal macrosomia [reference.medscape.com]

Uterine distention Delay in labor progression because of fetal malpresentation Fetal macrosomia and multiple gestations Overdose of oxytocin Uterine scar /prior uterine surge [amboss.com]

Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome

[…] syndrome characterized by overgrowth (macrosomia), an increased risk of childhood cancer and congenital malformations Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome edit Language Label Description [wikidata.org]

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a congenital cancer-predisposition syndrome associated with embryonal cancers, macroglossia, macrosomia, ear pits or ear creases, and [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

IC1-GoM cases show extreme macrosomia and severe disproportion between weight and length excess. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Nivelon-Nivelon-Mabille Syndrome

[…] encephalopathy, infantile subacute Negative rheumatoid factor polyarthritis Nemaline Myopathy, Amish Type Neonatal transient jaundice Nephroblastomatosis, fetal ascites, macrosomia [mindmappedia.com]

Myopathy, Amish Type Neonatal hemochromatosis Neonatal hepatitis Neonatal herpes Neonatal ovarian cyst Neonatal transient jaundice Nep-Net Nephroblastomatosis,fetal ascites,macrosomia [wikidoc.org]

Type Neonatal hemochromatosis Neonatal hepatitis Neonatal herpes Neonatal ovarian cyst Neonatal transient jaundice Necraphilia Nep-Net Nephroblastomatosis, fetal ascites, macrosomia [ssf.f15ijp.com]

Macrocephaly

The patient's first symptoms were macrosomia, early onset obesity, and macrocephaly. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

MOMO syndrome, previously defined as Macrosomia, Obesity, Macrocephaly, and Ocular abnormalities (OMIM 157980) is a rare intellectual disability syndrome of unknown cause. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Macrocephaly-cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (M-CMTC) is a craniofacial defect secondary to macrosomia; a case is presented in order to increase knowledge of the [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hypertrichotic Osteochondrodysplasia

Cantu syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by congenital hypertrichosis, neonatal macrosomia, a distinct osteochondrodysplasia, and cardiomegaly. [diseaseinfosearch.org]

Definition A rare disorder characterized by congenital hypertrichosis, neonatal macrosomia, a distinct osteochondrodysplasia, and cardiomegaly. [uniprot.org]

Cantu type go back to main search page Accession: DOID:0060569 browse the term Definition: An osteochondrodysplasia characterized by congenital hypertrichosis, neonatal macrosomia [rgd.mcw.edu]

Erb-Duchenne Palsy

Known risk factors are macrosomia and shoulder dystocia (4). [caribbean.scielo.org]

Fetal macrosomia: does antenatal prediction affect delivery route and birth outcome? J Obstet Gynecol. 1995;173:1215-9. [ijrcog.org]

An association between both macrosomia and shoulder dystocia and the development of Erb-Duchenne palsy in the newborn was noted. [mona.uwi.edu]

Abnormal Uterine Contraction

[…] contraction is often accompanied by uterine dysfunction and the two .together constitute the most common cause of dystocia Similarly, malpresentation or large fetal size (macrosomia [scribd.com]

Breech presentation B. fetal macrosomia C. fetal malformation The most common malformation is hydrocephalus, enlargement of the fetal abdomen caused by distended bladder, [powershow.com]

For example, if it occurs from macrosomia, the next infant may not be macrosomic. [www1.cgmh.org.tw]

Diabetes Mellitus

(GDM-M) comparing with patients without macrosomia; ii, increased in GDM-M comparing with NC-P group; iii, increased in GDM-M comparing with NC. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

There were no differences between the groups in number of face-to-face appointments (median (IQR) intervention   8(7), control   8(6), p   0.843), rates of caesareans, macrosomia [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] and hypoglycemia: Macrosomia. [hopkinsmedicine.org]

Postpartum Hemorrhage of the Uterus

Risk factors include: an overly distended uterus caused by polyhydramnios, multiple gestation, or macrosomia uterine muscle exhaustion caused by rapid labor, prolonged labor [americannursetoday.com]

[…] spiral arteries Uterine atony defined as a boggy and enlarged uterus Causes 90% of postpartum hemorrhages Risk factors include multiple gestations hydraminos multiparity macrosomia [medbullets.com]

Congenital Malformation Syndromes Involving Early Overgrowth

It shows similarities to Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. nephroblastomatosis - fetal ascites - macrosomia - Wilms tumor nephroblastomatosis, fetal ascites, macrosomia and Wilms [wikidata.org]

[…] abnormalities syndrome Macrosomia, obesity, macrocephaly, ocular abnormalities Macrocephaly-obesity-mental disability-ocular abnormalities syndrome Macrosomia, Obesity, Macrocephaly [wikidata.org]

It has also been proposed that mental (intellectual) disability may be used as an identifying feature of the syndrome instead of macrosomia, as macrosomia has not been reported [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

Malignant Hyperthermia - Arthrogryposis - Torticollis

Macrosomia developmental delay dysmorphism[?] Macrosomia microphthalmia cleft palate[?] Macrothrombocytopenia progressive deafness[?] [encyclopedia.kids.net.au]

Diabetic Embryopathy

[…] due to constitutional and gestational factors Fetal macrosomia early gestational complications fetal macrosomia late gestation complications fetal macrosomia delivery complications [quizlet.com]

Clinical description Macrosomia is also a common problem among infants of women with established insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. [orpha.net]

[…] heart, thymus, and parathyroid glands NTD's: thought to be due to maternal diabetic factors causing improper embryonic folding; most commonly spina bifida and anencephaly Macrosomia [en.wikibooks.org]

Cutis Marmorata Telangiectatica Congenita

Macrocephaly-cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (M-CMTC) is a craniofacial defect secondary to macrosomia; a case is presented in order to increase knowledge of the [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We describe a child with macrocephaly-cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (M-CMTC), cherry red macules, megalencephaly with hemifacial and segmental overgrowth, macrosomia [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Macrocephaly-cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (M-CMTC) is a newly described condition characterized by macrocephaly (megalencephaly), cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita, macrosomia [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Extreme Fetal Immaturity

[…] in the third trimester of pregnancy.3 Usually, macrosomia is not seen in those mothers with more severe and longer-standing diabetes (e.g., Classes F and R). [pediatricweb.com]

Macrosomia. Macrosomia refers to a baby that is considerably larger than normal. All of the nutrients the fetus receives come directly from the mother's blood. [stanfordchildrens.org]

Later in the pregnancy, glucose control is important to prevent macrosomia, hypoglycemia (after birth), and ventricular septal hypertrophy of the baby's heart. [pediatricweb.com]

Mononen-Karnes-Senac Syndrome

[…] developmental delay dysmorphism Macrosomia microphthalmia cleft palate Macrothrombocytopenia progressive deafness Macrothrombocytopenia with leukocyte inclusions Macular [mindmappedia.com]

Macrosomia developmental delay dysmorphism[?] Macrosomia microphthalmia cleft palate[?] Macrothrombocytopenia progressive deafness[?] [encyclopedia.kids.net.au]

Subcutaneous Fat Necrosis

When macrosomia is present, other risk factors related to haemodynamic instability during the initial hospitalisation may also increase the risk of developing SCFN. 2016 Foundation [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Macrosomia, familial dyslipidaemia and smoking should be evaluated. The main complications identified were severe pain, hypercalcaemia and subcutaneous atrophy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Lactic acidosis and hyperferritinemia were each present in one case Numerous possible causes, including obstetrical trauma, hypothermia, asphyxia, anemia, forceps delivery, macrosomia [pathologyoutlines.com]

Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young

Three infants presented with macrosomia and severe hypoglycemia with a positive family history of MODY. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Our patient was born with macrosomia and developed hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia in the neonatal period. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Insulin initiated at an early gestation appeared to lower the incidence of macrosomia in GCK unaffected offspring. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Labor and Delivery Complication

Can macrosomia cause problems for my baby? [babycenter.com]

Breech presentation, compound presentation, PROM, macrosomia, AROM when the head is still high (status more than -1) What is a compound presentation and what does it put you [quizlet.com]

Macrosomia Macrosomia is a term used to describe a large newborn. [pregnancycorner.com]

Myelocerebellar Disorder

[…] developmental delay dysmorphism * Macrosomia microphthalmia cleft palate * Macrothrombocytopenia progressive deafness * Macrothrombocytopenia with leukocyte inclusions Macu [en.academic.ru]

[…] dysplasia Mcalister Coe type * Macroglobulinemia * Macroglossia dominant * Macroglossia exomphalos gigantism * Macrogyria pseudobulbar palsy * Macrophagic myofasciitis * Macrosomia [en.academic.ru]

Costello Syndrome

Costello syndrome is caused by mutations in the HRAS proto-oncogene whose clinical features in the first year of life include fetal and neonatal macrosomia with subsequent [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Costello syndrome (CS) is considered an overgrowth disorder given the macrosomia that is present at birth .However, shortly after birth the weight drops dramatically and the [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Diagnostic features useful for recognition of CS in the first year of life are the following: (1) fetal and neonatal macrosomia with subsequent slow growth due to severe feeding [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Ovarian Cyst

Case report A 4760 g female delivered via elective cesarean section for macrosomia with an estimated weight 5000 g to a 21-year-old gravida 3, para 1 mother. [nature.com]