Massive Splenomegaly: Causes & Reasons

Possible Causes for Massive Splenomegaly

splenomegaly. [nejm.org]

Massive splenomegaly (>10 cm below the left subcostal margin)-present in >95 % of patients. Dilated superficial abdominal veins- in15 %. [gastroenterologybook.com]

Portal hypertension may also occur in massive splenomegaly or AV fistulas due to increased blood flow. [medicscientist.com]

Hypersplenism

CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that shunt surgery with partial resection of the spleen is effective and safe for pediatric patients with massive splenomegaly and severe [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Apart from a strongly positive Mantoux test, all investigations for massive splenomegaly proved negative. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A 17-year-old female with massive splenomegaly underwent partial splenic embolization (PSE) for hypersplenism. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hepatosplenic Lymphoma

Most patients had massive splenomegaly, and bone marrow showed sinusoidal involvement by lymphoma. [mdanderson.elsevierpure.com]

A CT scan revealed a liver with cirrhotic changes without focal lesions and massive splenomegaly with axillary, retroperitoneal and inguinal lymphadenopathy ( Figure 1 ). [jgo.amegroups.com]

Figure 1 A coronal view of the chest and abdomen obtained with the administration of contrast material, shows a cirrhotic liver with massive splenomegaly Notably, the patient [jgo.amegroups.com]

Chronic Congestive Splenomegaly

Rupture of spleen and hematoma I Massive Splenomegaly: 1. Malaria, kala-azar 2. Chronic myeloid leukemia 3. Extrahepatic portal hypertension 4. [medcaretips.com]

Causes of massive splenomegaly Chronic myeloid leukaemia. Myelofibrosis, malaria (hyper-reactive malarial splenomegaly). Leishmaniasis. [patient.info]

Physical examination revealed massive splenomegaly and complete blood counts showed thrombocytopenia. Splenectomy was recommended but the patient declined. [nature.com]

Primary Myelofibrosis

She also underwent splenectomy when she was 13 years old, due to massive splenomegaly, anemia and various infection disease episodes. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by progressive anemia, massive splenomegaly, leukoerythroblastosis, extramedullary hematopoiesis [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment may include hydroxyurea for thrombocytosis and massive splenomegaly, androgens, erythropoietin, or red cell transfusions for severe anemia, local irradiation of [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

Prolymphocytic Leukemia

This is a rare chronic lymphoproliferative disorder seen in elderly in which patients have high total leukocyte count along with massive splenomegaly. [medical-labs.net]

A 69-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of massive splenomegaly and leukocytosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Patients presenting with massive splenomegaly may be effectively palliated with splenic irradiation or splenectomy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hairy Cell Leukemia

Also these cytokines may play a role in the development of hairy cell leukemia.Key words: hairy cell leukemia - sarcoidosis - massive splenomegaly. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a chronic B-cell leukemia noted for an indolent course that ultimately results in cytopenias and massive splenomegaly. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

It typically affects middle-aged to elderly male who present with pancytopenia and massive splenomegaly. Lymphadenopathy is usually not seen. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Gaucher Disease

CONCLUSION: HALS for GD patients with refractory hypersplenism and massive splenomegaly is safe and feasible in experienced hands. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Although Gaucher disease generally presents with massive splenomegaly, which one of the predisposing causes of a wandering spleen, literature shows only one report of a wandering [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Here we present a 36 year old male patient presenting with hip pain showing bilateral avascular necrosis of femoral head with massive splenomegaly and on evaluation, showed [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hepatosplenic Amyloidosis

Splenectomy may be justified in the case of massive splenomegaly, infarction, or disabling symptoms of pain and compression of neighboring structures. [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

Computed tomography demonstrates characteristic massive splenomegaly. [ctisus.com]

Massive C0241231 Sputum Purulent C0241235 Straight Leg Raising Test Positive C0241261 Tongue Strawberry C0241262 Copper Urine Increased C0241580 Sputum Production C0242104 [medical-language-international.com]

Splenic Vein Thrombosis

Routine ultrasound examination in the fourth month of the pregnancy revealed massive splenomegaly of unknown origin. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Seven of 9 patients (78 %) with massive splenomegaly (>20 cm) developed PSVT compared with 4 of 13 patients (31 %) with moderate splenomegaly (15-20 cm) and 6 of 45 patients [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Other causes Increased hepatic blood flow: Increased splenic blood flow - eg, massive splenomegaly. Hepatoportal arteriovenous fistula. [patient.info]

Splenic Subcapsular Hematoma

Bedu-Addo G, Bates I (2002) Causes of massive tropical splenomegaly in Ghana. Lancet 360: 449-454. [omicsonline.org]

Fordice J, Katras T, Jackson RE, et al: Massive splenomegaly in sarcoidosis. South Med J 1992;85:775–778. [karger.com]

Splenomegaly is most commonly asymptomatic in Sarcoidosis but when massive (3% of patients) it also can be a cause of massive splenic infarction [ 17 ]. [omicsonline.org]

Felty Syndrome

Splenectomy may be considered in those with massive splenomegaly or recurrent infections. [rheumaknowledgy.com]

Ideally liver biopsy should be done but a diagnosis of nodular regenerative hyperplasia was assumed, as our patient had a clinical picture of rheumatoid arthritis with massive [autoimmunediseases.imedpub.com]

A spleen weight of 400-500 g indicates splenomegaly, while a weight of more than 1000 g is labelled massive splenomegaly. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Here, we report a case of aCMLin a 5-month baby who presented with massive splenomegaly. The diagnosis was in accordance with the WHO criteria established in 2008. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a chronic myeloproliferative disorder that usually presents with high white blood cell counts and massive splenomegaly. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Massive splenomegaly is characteristic and may cause left hypochondral pain. [gpnotebook.co.uk]

Blast Phase of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

The findings of massive splenomegaly, basophilia, and thrombocytosis point toward CML. Our patient had massive splenomegaly and basophilia but a normal platelet count. [ecancer.org]

He was found to have massive splenomegaly but no other physical findings. [omicsonline.org]

Given the presence of constitutional symptoms and massive splenomegaly, the patient inquired about treatment with the JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib. [bloodjournal.org]

Splenic Hematoma

In the past decade, laparoscopy has become the standard approach for elective splenectomy, even for patients such as ours, presenting with massive splenomegaly and hematoma [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Visceral Leishmaniasis

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), i.e., infection with Leishmania sp. associated with high fever, weight loss, massive splenomegaly and markedly altered laboratory parameters, [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

He had massive splenomegaly. His cardiovascular, respiratory and neurological examination were normal. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] loss, huge splenomegaly and hepatomegaly. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Splenic Abscess

Splenic lymphoma with massive splenomegaly: Case report with review of literature. World J Clin Cases 2014;2:478-81. 8. Ahmann DL, Kiely JM, Harrison EG Jr, Payne WS. [ccij-online.org]

splenomegaly Reviewer: Jaleh Mansouri, M.D. [pathologyoutlines.com]

splenomegaly and hypersplenism. [ccij-online.org]

Portal Vein Thrombosis

On examination she had pallor and massive splenomegaly. [jpgo.org]

Other causes Increased hepatic blood flow: Increased splenic blood flow - eg, massive splenomegaly. Hepatoportal arteriovenous fistula. [patient.info]

The splenectomy was performed in other services, before the PVT diagnosis, due to the massive splenomegaly and severe hypersplenism. [scielo.br]

Acute Erythroblastic Leukemia

splenomegaly and occasionally lymphadenopathy; prognosis is often poor. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

On examination he had widespread bruises and petechiae, mild ankle oedema, and massive splenomegaly. [jcp.bmj.com]

Typical symptoms are spongy and bleeding gums, anemia, fatigue, fever, dyspnea, moderate splenomegaly, joint and bone pain, and repeated infections. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Myeloproliferative Disease

Patients with massive splenomegaly benefit from splenectomy. [lecturio.com]

Splenomegaly, sometimes massive, is a characteristic finding. Symptoms include the following: Splenic pain. Early satiety. Anemia. Bone pain. Fatigue. Fever. [northshore.org]

JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib is highly recommended in any patient with myelofibrosis and massive splenomegaly. [lecturio.com]

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

splenomegaly and occasionally lymphadenopathy; prognosis is often poor. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

[…] or rapidly progressive splenomegaly uncontrolled autoimmune cytopenias rapid lymphocyte doubling time: either occurring in less than 6 months or when there is an increase [radiopaedia.org]

Bulky disease was defined as the presence of lymph-nodes more than 5 cm in longest diameter by CT and/or ultrasound examination or the presence of massive splenomegaly (6 [mjhid.org]

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

We describe a patient under treatment with the anti-complement antibody eculizumab who developed pancytopenia, requiring blood transfusions, due to massive splenomegaly. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Other features include weakness, abdominal and lumbar pain, jaundice with pallor and yellowish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes, heart murmurs, splenomegaly, [whonamedit.com]

Pathological findings include systemic venous or portal thrombosis, normoblastic bone marrow hyperplasia, hepatomegaly with necrosis, hemosiderosis, and massive iron deposits [whonamedit.com]

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

[…] antibiotic therapy may result in remission of the disease.[ 97 ] Splenic marginal zone lymphoma Splenic marginal zone lymphoma is an indolent lymphoma that is marked by massive [web.archive.org]

[…] antibiotic therapy may result in remission of the disease.[ 108 ] Splenic marginal zone lymphoma Splenic marginal zone lymphoma is an indolent lymphoma that is marked by massive [cancer.gov]

splenomegaly and peripheral blood and bone marrow involvement, usually without adenopathy.[ 98 - 100 ] This type of lymphoma is otherwise known as splenic lymphoma with villous [web.archive.org]

Lymphoma

T-cell CLL usually is a more aggressive disorder than B-cell CLL, with massive splenomegaly, marked neutropenia, skin infiltration, modest bone marrow infiltration, and a [web.archive.org]

Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia

Case report. 41M with WM, massive splenomegaly. [en.wikibooks.org]

Patient with WM and massive splenomegaly, refractory to chemo. [en.wikibooks.org]

splenomegaly in leukemic phase." [en.wikibooks.org]

Sarcoidosis

A very unusual complication of massive splenomegaly is splenic rupture (spontaneous or traumatic). [erj.ersjournals.com]

The spleen is frequently involved, in 40–80% of autopsy studies, but clinical symptoms due to splenomegaly (local pressure, haematological abnormalities due to hypersplenism [erj.ersjournals.com]

Leukemia

Splenomegaly can be massive, consistency high, with the fibrous thickening of the capsule. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In cats, vomiting and splenomegaly, gastric and duodenal ulcers are found, with the presence of mastocytoid neoplasms. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The anemia is due in part to massive destruction of erythroid cells within the malignant histiocytes, although an associated concurrent erythroid suppression cannot be excluded [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Splenomegaly which may be massive ± spleen pain. Hepatomegaly. [askhematologist.com]

Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Splenomegaly is often massive, while aberrant WBC count may be seen, either as markedly high leukocytosis or pancytopenia. [symptoma.com]

The clinical presentation involves generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly that is often massive and systemic symptoms, primarily because the vast majority of patients are [symptoma.com]

[…] why almost 70% of patients present in late stage of the disease, which is characterized by fatigue, systemic symptoms and the appearance of generalized lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly [symptoma.com]

Malaria

Causes of massive tropical splenomegaly in Ghana. Lancet. 2002 Aug 10;360(9331):449-54. [PubMed: 12241718] 9. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

After many bouts, the spleen may become fibrotic and firm or, in some patients, becomes massively enlarged (tropical splenomegaly). [msdmanuals.com]

The liver and spleen enlarge, causing massive splenomegaly.[8] Low arginine, low nitric oxide, and elevated arginase activity have been observed in severe malaria in peripheral [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]