Rib Fracture
A rib fracture is a break in a rib bone. This typically results in chest pain that is worse with breathing in. Bruising may occur at the site of the break. When several ribs are broken in several places a flail chest results. Potential complications include a pneumothorax, pulmonary contusion, and pneumonia.Rib[…][en.wikipedia.org]
Subcutaneous Emphysema
We describe the case of a child with an isolated penetrating trauma to the mastoid tip. Nasal blowing consequently induced air bubbles coming through the mastoid cutaneous fistula and causing extensive subcutaneous neck emphysema. A computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a right mastoid tip bone fracture with[…][ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Sternal Fracture
BACKGROUND: Multidetector CT (MDCT) is being increasingly used for patients with traumatic injuries in the emergency room. This is the first study to evaluate the diagnostic performance of MDCT for sternal fracture. PATIENTS AND METHODS: For 87 patients who had motor vehicle accidents, we evaluated the[…][ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Esophageal Perforation
Mid-thoracic esophageal perforation presents with subternal or epigastric pain; mediastinal crunch is rarely auscultated. Mackler’s triad.[clinicaladvisor.com]
Physical Examination: Cardiac: possible Hamman’s crunch. Abdomen: may encounter guarding or rigidity (intra-abdominal rupture).[emdocs.net]
Upper thoracic perforation commonly presents with right-sided pleural effusion, but may also be associated with substernal and epigastric pain; audible mediastinal crunch[clinicaladvisor.com]
Mediastinal Emphysema
Physical examination may show respiratory distress, neck crepitus, decreased cardiac dullness, Hamman’s sign (a mediastinal crunching sound that is synchronized with systole[kjim.org]
Acute Mediastinitis
A pericardial crunching sound with systole (Hamman’s sign) is often a late sign.[for-surgeons.com]
Hamman's sign (a crunching sound synchronous with cardiac systole, heard over the anterior thorax) is characteristic but not always present.[slideshare.net]
About 60% of patients with acute mediastinitis have subcutaneous emphysema or pneumomediastinum.[for-surgeons.com]
Mediastinoscopy
OBJECTIVES: Theoretically, video-assisted mediastinoscopy (VAM) offers improved staging of subcarinal lymph nodes (LNs) compared with standard cervical mediastinoscopy (SCM). Materials and METHODS: Between 2006 and 2011, 553 patients (SCM, n 293; VAM, n 260) with non-small cell lung carcinoma who underwent[…][ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Mediastinal Abscess
Auscultation of the heart may reveal a crunching sound. [ 1 ] Differential diagnosis Pulmonary embolism. Myocardial infarction.[patient.info]
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum. [ 9 ] Mediastinal tumour and/or superior vena cava syndrome. Cellulitis of the neck. Necrotising fasciitis affecting the neck.[patient.info]
Flail Chest
Through a prospective randomized comparative study, treatment of flail chest by a non-surgical method of packing, strapping, and mechanical ventilation vs. surgical fixation were compared. After management, stability of the chest wall occurred in 85% of the patients in the surgical group. Forty-five percent of[…][ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Pulmonary Cavitary Tuberculosis
There was no mediastinal crunch. Classical cavernous type of breathing was present in right infraclavicular area.[lungindia.com]