Mediastinal Emphysema
Physical examination may show respiratory distress, neck crepitus, decreased cardiac dullness, Hamman’s sign (a mediastinal crunching sound that is synchronized with systole[kjim.org]
Acute Mediastinitis
A pericardial crunching sound with systole (Hamman’s sign) is often a late sign.[for-surgeons.com]
About 60% of patients with acute mediastinitis have subcutaneous emphysema or pneumomediastinum.[for-surgeons.com]
Esophageal Perforation
Physical Examination: Cardiac: possible Hamman’s crunch. Abdomen: may encounter guarding or rigidity (intra-abdominal rupture).[emdocs.net]
It is not uncommon for patients to present with SIRS/sepsis secondary to mediastinitis. 1 Perform a thorough H&P: 1,2 Question specifically regarding recent TEE or endoscopy[emdocs.net]
Mediastinal Abscess
Auscultation of the heart may reveal a crunching sound. [ 1 ] Differential diagnosis Pulmonary embolism . Myocardial infarction .[patient.info]
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum. [ 9 ] Mediastinal tumour and/or superior vena cava syndrome . Cellulitis of the neck. Necrotising fasciitis affecting the neck.[patient.info]
Rib Fracture
J Emerg Med. 2015 Dec;49(6):868-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2015.07.031. Epub 2015 Sep 12. Author information 1 Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. 2 Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital,[…][ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Thoracic Surgery
Abstract A 62-year-old woman with a middle mediastinal hemangioma was successfully treated using a video-assisted thoracic surgery approach facilitated by segmental rib resection, despite an initial radiological study that showed encasement by the surrounding great vessels. Pathological examination confirmed a[…][ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Subcutaneous Emphysema
We describe the clinical features of a 17-year-old girl with severe asthma exacerbations. On admission to the intensive care unit, she manifested expiratory dyspnea, cyanosis, and an unproductive cough. Her chest x-rays showed extensive pneumomediastinum (PM), mild subcutaneous emphysema at the right anterior[…][ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Mediastinoscopy
BACKGROUND: Ectopic mediastinal parathyroid adenomas or hyperplasia account for up to 25% of primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT). Two percent of them are not accessible by standard cervical surgical approaches. Surgical resection has traditionally been performed via median sternotomy or thoracotomy and more[…][ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Sternal Fracture
A retrospective review of patients admitted with sternal fractures without massive trauma to the chest or hypotension was undertaken. Chest pain was present in 59 of 60 patients while external signs of bruising were noted in one-third. The standard anteroposterior (AP) roentgenogram of the chest was[…][ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Penetrating Chest Trauma
Penetrating chest trauma predominantly occurs after gunshot or stab wounds and the extent of injury can range from mild and local tissue damage to life-threatening bleeding, hemo/pneumothorax, and respiratory failure. Dyspnea, hemoptysis, and shock are some of the most common symptoms. A properly conducted[…][symptoma.com]