Myelopathy: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for Myelopathy

Myelitis

Spondylotic myelopathy is the commonest cause of nontraumatic myelopathy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] and systemic autoimmune disorders with myelopathy, as well as post-infectious and paraneoplastic myelopathies. [doi.org]

Radiological features of spondylotic myelopathy can often overlap with inflammatory myelopathies which may lead to a delayed or incorrect diagnosis and therapy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Spinal Cord Infarction

Spondylosis, a normal aging process, is the most common cause of a cervical myelopathy ( Figs. 45-9 and 45-10 ; Box 45-2 ). [aibolita.com]

"Vascular myelopathies-vascular malformations of the spinal cord: presentation and endovascular surgical management". [en.wikipedia.org]

BACKGROUND: Surfer’s myelopathy is a rare, acute, atraumatic myelopathy that occurs in novice surfers. [neurosurgerycns.wordpress.com]

Spinal Cord Compression

Symptoms Some of the symptoms of a myelopathy mimic other spinal problems. [spineuniverse.com]

Practice Questions COMPRESSION MYELOPATHY SYNDROMES AND ANATOMIC LOCATIONS [neuroanatomy.wisc.edu]

Spine surgery to treat a myelopathy may include other procedures, such as laminectomy and fusion. [spineuniverse.com]

Cerebral Angiitis

Most commonly seen are headache, stroke and encephalopathy but myelopathies, cranial nerve palsies, dementia and seizures are also recognized. 1, 2 Methods used in diagnosis [academic.oup.com]

Hermisson M, Klein R, Schmidt F, Weller M, Kuker W (2002) Myelopathy in primary Sjogren’s syndrome: diagnostic and therapeutic aspects. [link.springer.com]

[…] percent  Headache — 56 percent  Seizure — 30 percent  Stroke — 14 percent  Cerebral hemorrhage — 12 percent  Angiitis affecting the spinal cord usually presents as a myelopathy [slideshare.net]

Mucopolysaccharidosis

Significant inverse correlation was found between cervical myelopathy scores and neurological strength scores. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Enlarged perivascular spaces, white matter lesions, hydrocephalus, brain atrophy, cervical spinal canal stenosis with or without spinal cord compression and myelopathy, and [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] younger sibling resulted in increased growth, an improved 6-minute walk test, less coarse face, slower progression of cardiac valve disease, and the absence of compressive myelopathy [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Mucopolysaccharidosis Type 1

[…] the most serious skeletal finding because, in combination with ligamentous laxity and mucopolysaccharide deposition, it may result in atlantoaxial subluxation, cervical myelopathy [genedx.com]

Patients may develop myelopathy, but this condition does generally not manifest before puberty. [symptoma.com]

Atlantoaxial subluxation and stenosis of the spinal canal are observed in about a third of MPS-IH patients and results in spinal cord compression and early cervical myelopathy [symptoma.com]

Lathyrism

Ingestion of large amounts of poorly processed cassava roots is associated with the occurrence of an epidemic form of a noncompressive myelopathy (konzo) in African countries [medlink.com]

McCandless’s body was autopsied or whether spinal cord sections were included that might corroborate the presence of a toxic myelopathy. [ghostofcharcot.net]

[…] to muscular spasticity and paraplegia of lower extremities (Karmakar, 2007) accompanied by muscular atrophy (Park, 2009), making it one of the most dreadful toxic spastic myelopathies [isebindia.com]

Spinal Cord Injury

Subacute posttraumatic ascending myelopathy (SPAM) is a rare event that occurs after spinal cord trauma or ischemia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We reported a patient with C5 [S(C5/C6)] ASIA Impairment Scale C SCI due to cervical myelopathy who presented CO2 retention when taking a therapeutic dosage of pregabalin. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

To date, no traumatic myelopathy has ever been described in patients with HCU. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Primary Lateral Sclerosis

SNOMEDCT: 81211007 – Primary lateral sclerosis Differential Diagnosis & Pitfalls Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Spinal muscular atrophy Hereditary spastic paraplegia Cervical myelopathy [visualdx.com]

[…] has arisen from the observation that many patients with PLS seemed ultimately to have different diseases such as ALS, spinal multiple sclerosis, or cervical spondylotic myelopathy [oxfordmedicine.com]

Radiation-induced myelopathy Type 1 Excludes myelopathy NOS ( G95.9 ) paralysis G12.20 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code G12.20 Motor neuron disease, unspecified 2016 2017 2018 2019 [icd10data.com]

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

We evaluated ambispectively those patients with SLE presenting with clinical myelopathy and corroborated with spinal MRI. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Myelopathy associated with systemic lupus erythematosus in 6 cases. Chin J Neuroimmunol Neurol (Chinese), 2006, 13(5):294–298 Google Scholar 18. [doi.org]

Multiple Sclerosis

Sexual dysfunction in selected neurologic disorders: hypothalamopituitary disorders, epilepsy, myelopathies, polyneuropathies, and sacral nerve lesions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] with gadolinium of brain and spinal cord findings multiple focal demyelination scattered in brain and spinal cord asymmetric periventricular plaques Differential Cervical myelopathy [orthobullets.com]

Cavo-spinal phlebography in myelopathies. Stenoses of internal jugular and azygos veins, venous compressions and thromboses. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Herpes Zoster

However, MRI can be carried out in cases when there is development of encephalopathy and myelopathy. [symptoma.com]

• The absence of a rash or history of shingles does not exclude the possibility of varicella-zoster virus meningoencephalitis, myelopathy, or vasculopathy ( Gilden et al [medlink.com]

Myelitis is often characterized by myelopathy at a level consistent with the spinal segment affected by herpes zoster. [intechopen.com]

Neurosarcoidosis

Paraneoplastic isolated myelopathy: Clinical course and neuroimaging clues. Neurology 2011;76:2089-95. [Figure 1], [Figure 2] [annalsofian.org]

Herein we describe three unusual patient presentations of neurosarcoidosis, one with optic neuritis, a second with hydrocephalus and a third with cervical myelopathy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Causes of longitudinally extensive tract specific spinal cord lesions including neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs), paraneoplastic myelopathies, and Vitamin [annalsofian.org]

Hereditary ATTR Amyloidosis

[…] vomiting, pyrexia, hypersensitivity, decreased platelet count, cachexia (in 2 patients), arthralgia, myalgia, chorea, dementia, embolic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, myelopathy [nejm.org]

Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis is an infectious disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. In an immunocompetent host, infection is generally asymptomatic, but toxoplasmosis in pregnancy can cause birth defects. Asymptomatic lymphadenopathy is the most usual presentation. The main lymph nodes involved are cervical and[…] [symptoma.com]

Infectious Mononucleosis

Infectious mononucleosis is usually a self-limiting illness, but can be rarely associated with complications. A 17-year-old boy with Epstein-Barr virus related infectious mononucleosis and cold antibody-mediated autoimmune hemolytic anemia with incidentally noted multiple pulmonary nodules. Nodules regressed over the next[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Von Hippel-Lindau Disease

Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is a rare genetic disorder predisposing to a variety of malignant and benign neoplasms. CNS hemangioblastomas CNS hemangiobalstomas is the second most common presenting feature of VHL disease. It commonly occurs at the cerebellum, brain stem or spinal cord in 60-80% of VHL disease[…] [symptoma.com]

Spinal Stenosis

Nonsurgical Treatment of Cervical Stenosis with Myelopathy Interventional treatments for cervical stenosis with myelopathy may include: Observation. [emoryhealthcare.org]

The authors report two cases of thoracic spinal canal stenosis (SCS) and myelopathy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

With myelopathy, surgery is often necessary at the beginning. [dukemedicine.org]

Cervical Osteoarthritis

Cervical spondylosis with cervical myelopathy, commonly referred to as cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), refers to impaired function of the spinal cord caused by degenerative [spine-health.com]

Some patients will exhibit signs and symptoms of radiculopathy and myelopathy. [aafp.org]

We present a case of upper cervical myelopathy secondary to atlantoaxial instability and atlantodental osteoarthritis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Radiculopathy

[…] and symptoms of radiculopathy and myelopathy. [dynamicchiropractic.com]

Cervical myelopathy can involve your arms, hands, legs, and bowel and bladder function. [spinecenter.nm.org]

Overview Cervical myelopathy is a loss of function in your upper and lower extremities because of compression of the spinal cord within your neck. [nm.org]

Radiculomyelopathy

(CSM), because the most significant risk factor for the development of myelopathy was preexisting spinal stenosis. [musculoskeletalkey.com]

TMS can aid physicians to:[9] Determine whether myelopathy exists Identify the level of the spinal cord where myelopathy is located. [en.wikipedia.org]

Practice Questions COMPRESSION MYELOPATHY SYNDROMES AND ANATOMIC LOCATIONS [neuroanatomy.wisc.edu]

Cervical Radiculitis

Cervical myelopathy can involve your arms, hands, legs, and bowel and bladder function. [nm.org]

If symptoms of cervical myelopathy are evident or progressing, you ought to be assessed by your NASS doctor. [spine.org]

Toe-heel walking is difficult in cervical myelopathy. [bjgp.org]

Cervical Spondylosis

This type of myelopathy hand they have termed "amyotrophic type of myelopathy hand." [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] termed "Myelopathy hand," they have occasionally seen a different type of myelopathy hand characterized by muscle wasting and motor dysfunction in patients with cervical [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Lumbar Spondylosis

Treatment of Lumbosacral Spondylosis without Myelopathy In majority of the cases of lumbosacral spondylosis without myelopathy, the treatment is non-operative. [epainassist.com]

This condition can cause secondary myelopathy if the spondylosis results in cauda equina compression. Etiology The exact cause of lumbar spondylosis is unknown. [ehr.wrshealth.com]

Lumbar spondylosis without myelopathy. 09/20/2013. Author Disclosure Ameet Nagpal, MD Nothing to Disclose Alan Swearingen, MD Nothing to Disclose [now.aapmr.org]

Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome

WHY IS IT CALLED ANTERIOR MYELOPATHY? [medfriendly.com]

@article{3a364de4fe59438f9a76527b4dd2966b, title = "Anterior spinal artery syndrome presenting as cervical myelopathy in a patient with subclavian steal syndrome", author [jhu.pure.elsevier.com]

Spondylosis of cervical joint W myelopathy Spondylosis of cervical joint with myelopathy Stenosis of cervical (neck) spine with myelopathy Stenosis of cervical spine w myelopathy [icd9data.com]

Lumbar Spinal Stenosis

Surgery is necessary with cervical myelopathy or intractable lumbar spinal stenosis. [health.uconn.edu]

C ervical spondylotic myelopathy is the most common cause of spinal cord dysfunction in modern society worldwide. [doi.org]

KEYWORDS: Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS); Tandem spinal stenosis (TSS); Thoracic myelopathy [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Vitamin B12 Deficiency

His serum vitamin B12 levels were low and neuroimaging revealed myelopathy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In this case report, we describe a 43 year old woman with pernicious anemia and myelopathy with atypical clinical features. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Vitamin B12 deficiency is an important nutritional disorder causing neurological manifestations of myelopathy, neuropathy and dementia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Spinal Demyelination

Izumo S (1989) The pathogenesis of HTLV-I associated myelopathy. Saishin Igaku 44:1603–1609 Google Scholar 10. [springerlink.com]

Some patients will exhibit signs and symptoms of radiculopathy and myelopathy. [aafp.org]

Liversedge LA, Rawson MD (1966) Myelopathy in hepatic disease and portosystemic venous anastomosis. Lancet I:277–279 Google Scholar 16. [springerlink.com]

Spinal Metastasis

The first case of a gallbaldder carcinoma with metastasis to dura and epidural space causing myelopathy is described. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Known complications of radiosurgery to spinal column tumors include radiation myelopathy and delayed vertebral compression fractures; however, the concept of pseudoprogression [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Here, we report a 68-year-old woman with a solitary metastasis of Hürthle cell carcinoma to the T1 vertebral body causing severe kyphotic deformity, myelopathy, and pain. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Paraparesis

Abstract: Human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is chronic progressive myelopathy characterized by bilateral [eurekaselect.com]

HAM is also referred to as chronic progressive myelopathy or tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). [nationalmssociety.org]

myelopathy characterized by bilateral pyramidal tracts involvement with sphincteric disturbances. [eurekaselect.com]