Neonatal Seizures: Causes & Reasons

Possible Causes for Neonatal Seizures

Folinic acid–responsive seizures are another treatable cause of neonatal seizures. [demosmedical.com]

[…] sleep myoclonus or benign neonatal seizures. [adc.bmj.com]

The classic clinical presentation is neonatal seizures responsive only to pyridoxine therapy. [pediatrics.aappublications.org]

Neonatal Hypoglycemia

[…] newborn and hypoxemic respiratory failure -- Renal failure in neonates -- Neonatal seizures -- Intraventricular hemorrhage -- Surgical emergencies in the newborn -- Necrotizing [worldcat.org]

Nine children with neonatal seizures had moderate or severe white matter injury and 7 had cortical involvement. [pediatricneurologybriefs.com]

[…] apnea -- Neonatal sepsis -- Patent ductus arteriosus -- Neonatal hypotension -- Congenital heart disease in the newborn period -- Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the [worldcat.org]

Neonatal Hypocalcemia

Neonatal seizures were significantly associated with neonatal hypocalcemia in the entire sample (P < 0.0001), regardless of intellectual level. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Seven had both neonatal hypocalcemia and neonatal seizures; neonatal hypocalcemia was identified following neonatal seizures in five subjects. [nature.com]

We report here a 14-day-old neonate presenting with a gradually increasing frequency of tonic seizures. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Neonatal Meningitis

For example, if a baby shows signs of neonatal seizures, they may need anticonvulsant medications. [abclawcenters.com]

Seizures in Newborns May Indicate Neurological Birth Injury Neonatal Meningitis [abclawcenters.com]

It may then progress to neonatal meningitis and a variety of resultant complications such as cerebral palsy and seizure disorders. [abclawcenters.com]

Neonatal Intracranial Hemorrhage

Neurologic manifestations like neonatal seizure, decreased level of consciousness, increased intracranial pressure are the most common presentations of ICH in term newborns [intechopen.com]

In the present study, the most frequent form of ICH in neonates was SDH. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

seizures Apnea Feeding difficulties Irritability Bulging fontanelle/soft spot Shallow or strained breathing Abnormal tone Altered level of consciousness Diagnosing intracranial [abclawcenters.com]

Tetanus Neonatorum

Tetanus was frequently confused with neonatal seizures at time of presentation. All infants were delivered at home. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract Five infants with neonatal tetanus were managed with neuromuscular blockade and positive pressure ventilation. All survived. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Neonatal Infection

neonatal illness (hypotension, need for intubation, neonatal seizures, and encephalopathy) failed to demonstrate a significant relationship between maternal infection and [doi.org]

Seizures in Newborns May Indicate Neurological Birth Injury Neonatal Meningitis [abclawcenters.com]

A novel approach to the study of hypoxia-ischemia-induced clinical and subclinical seizures in the neonatal rat. Dev Neurosci 2011; 33 :241–50. 8. [doi.org]

Neonatal Sepsis

How Are Neonatal Sepsis and Meningitis Diagnosed and Treated? [michigancerebralpalsyattorneys.com]

Sepsis associated with meningitis may lead to the following complications [21] : Cerebral palsy Developmental delay Hearing loss Seizures Neonatal Sepsis Incidence Statistics [pregmed.org]

What Injuries Are Associated with Neonatal Sepsis and Meningitis? [michigancerebralpalsyattorneys.com]

Fetal Distress in Labor

The infant may suffer: Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy Meconium aspiration syndrome Cerebral palsy Neonatal seizures 8 Intrapartum Testing Tests utilized to assess fetal well [slideplayer.com]

95% CI 0.04–0.90) and neonatal seizures (RR 0.05, 95% CI 0.00–0.89). [extranet.who.int]

627 babies, RR 0.10, 95% CI 0.01–0.78) and neonatal seizures (RR 0.05, 95% CI 0.00–0.91). [extranet.who.int]

Fetal Hypoxia

Essential Criteria: Profound metabolic or mixed acidemia (pH Persistance of an Apgar Score of Neurologic manifestations in the immediate neonatal period- seizure, hypotonia [easymbbs.org]

When compared with intermittent auscultation of FHR, continuous electronic FHR monitoring is associated with a reduction in the risk of neonatal seizures at the expense of [ispub.com]

However, this current strategy fails to recognize as many as 85% of growth restricted fetuses and although intrapartum monitoring has reduced the incidence of neonatal seizures [journals.plos.org]

Generalized Herpes Simplex Infection of the Newborn

HSV infections should be considered in all neonates who present in the first month of life with nonspecific symptoms such as fever, poor feeding, lethargy or seizure. [aafp.org]

Presenting symptoms of neonatal HSV infection include fever, lethargy, seizures and respiratory distress. [herpes.org.nz]

The generalized infection affects the skin, eyes, liver, adrenal glands and other organs and presents clinically as neonatal sepsis. [neuropathology-web.org]

Hypomagnesemia

Because their serum calcium levels were low at the early stage, the diagnosis of late-onset neonatal hypocalcemia was mistakenly made. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

usually tonic-clonic, can occur in neonates and adults in association with severe hypomagnesemia. 10 Evaluation Physical examination may reveal an abnormal mental status [epilepsy.com]

Their seizures did not respond to parenteral calcium initially, but were completely terminated after the administration of magnesium. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hyponatremia

Vitamin B-6 may be indicated to treat neonatal seizures. [25] [emedicine.medscape.com]

Symptomatic neonatal and infantile forms of HPP characteristically manifest with seizures secondary to a central deficiency of vitamin B6, despite the accumulation of PLP [analesdepediatria.org]

Hypocalcemia

Case 1: Neonate with seizures and hypocalcemia. Paediatr Child Health. 2008;13(3):197-200. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2529411/ Dawrant J, Pacaud D. [physio-pedia.com]

Very late osteopenia of prematurity: see section on neonatal nutrition. [uichildrens.org]

Neonates may have hypotonia, tachycardia, tachypnea, apnea, poor feeding, jitteriness, tetany, and/or seizures. [msdmanuals.com]

Herpes Simplex Encephalitis

[…] symptoms including seizures and spastic paraplegia in the first years of life and hepatic pathology, such as neonatal cholestasis, acute liver failure, or liver fibrosis. [semanticscholar.org]

HSV infections should be considered in all neonates who present in the first month of life with nonspecific symptoms such as fever, poor feeding, lethargy or seizure. [aafp.org]

In contrast to other urea cycle defects, arginase 1 deficiency usually does not cause catastrophic neonatal hyperammonemia but rather presents with progressive neurological [semanticscholar.org]

Metabolic Encephalopathy

There is evidence to suggest that following ischemia or seizures, brain acidosis resolves before brain lactosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) deficiency is a recognised cause of intractable seizures in neonates. [researchgate.net]

Similar symptoms can occur in the perinatal period if the neonate had any compromise to brain blood flow during its development. [medicinenet.com]

Gram-Negative Septicaemia

[…] or smelly amniotic fluid, abnormal vital signs, seizures, and projectile vomiting. [medicinenet.com]

Other signs and symptoms for neonatal sepsis include fever in the mother (possible puerperal sepsis due to infection in her reproductive tract) at time of delivery, cloudy [medicinenet.com]

Bacterial Meningitis

[…] and infants (see Neonatal Bacterial Meningitis). [msdmanuals.com]

[…] such as cerebral palsy, learning disability, seizures and hearing impairment. [patient.info]

Seizures occur early in up to 40% of children with acute bacterial meningitis and may occur in adults. Up to 12% of patients present in coma. [msdmanuals.com]

Hypernatremia

seizures. [karger.com]

In conclusion, the present survey of the literature identifies the following risk factors for breastfeeding-associated neonatal hypernatremia: cesarean delivery, primiparity [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

If dehydration and hypernatremia is severe, coma, increased muscle tone and seizures may be noted. [cancertherapyadvisor.com]

Meningococcal Meningitis

Meningococcal meningitis may also present as part of early or late onset sepsis in neonates. The disease is potentially fatal. [orpha.net]

In the literature, very few cases of neonatal meningococcal disease have been reported in the United States. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Surviving patients may develop neurological sequelae that include sensorineural hearing loss, seizures, spasticity, attention deficits and intellectual disability. [orpha.net]

Medium Chain Acyl CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency

[…] period or infancy with hypoketotic hypoglycemia, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, hepatomegaly, coma, or seizures Treatment: Avoidance of fasting; frequent feeding; if plasma [merckmanuals.com]

[…] presentation in adulthood with episodic myoglobinuria and weakness after prolonged exercise, fasting, intercurrent illness, or stress In the severe form, presentation in neonatal [merckmanuals.com]

Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection

[…] with abnormal CT scan developed at least 1 sequelae • Only 1/17 neonates with normal CT had IQ < 70 12. [slideshare.net]

Neonates might have one or more than one of these signs or symptoms. Complete clinical examination of all the neonates was done by the pediatricians. [bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com]

The severity of fetal disease and subsequent neonatal sequelae is determined by, not only the timing of infection, but also the affinity of a specific CMV strain for nervous [iame.com]

Listerial Meningitis

Only occasionally do infants develop posturing, seizures, or an unusually firm, tender, or bulging fontanelle that would direct a clinician to suspect a CNS infection ( 1, [jcm.asm.org]

While older children and adults typically present with fever, neck stiffness, headache, and confusion, initial symptoms in neonates are frequently nonspecific, including fever [jcm.asm.org]

Antepartum Syphilis

Babies born with syphilis often have a low birth weight and develop problems such as blindness, deafness, and seizures if not treated. Why Was This Study Done? [journals.plos.org]

[…] annually, 65% of which resulted in adverse pregnancy outcomes: the baby's death during early or late pregnancy (fetal death and stillbirth, respectively) or soon after birth (neonatal [journals.plos.org]

Hemophilus Meningitis

Steroids are not recommended in neonates due to concern regarding effects on neurodevelopment. [rch.org.au]

Five of the 10 neonates (50%) who survived meningitis had significant long-term complications, including intraventricular hemorrhage, stroke, seizures, hydrocephalus requiring [academic.oup.com]

Seizure management Treat seizures in the setting of meningitis immediately with benzodiazepines and load with phenytoin (20mg/kg over one hour). [rch.org.au]

Staphylococcus Aureus Meningitis

[…] or after a seizure. [merckmanuals.com]

[…] such as cerebral palsy, learning disability, seizures and hearing impairment. [patient.info]

[…] and infants (see Neonatal Bacterial Meningitis : Symptoms and Signs ). [merckmanuals.com]

Congenital Syphilis

She had an unremarkable neonatal course with no history of trauma, bleeding, seizures or altered sensorium. [dx.doi.org]

Seizure

By definition, neonatal seizures occur during the neonatal period — for a full-term infant, the first 28 days of life. [ucsfbenioffchildrens.org]

Causes of neonatal seizures Diagnosing neonatal seizures What do you do if a baby has a seizure? [abclawcenters.com]

seizures) are tonic-clonic seizures occurring between 4 and 6 days of age in otherwise healthy infants; one form is inherited. ‡ When given in toxic doses, various drugs [msdmanuals.com]

Drug Dependence

J Psychopharmacol. 2014 Nov;28(11):993-1000. doi: 10.1177/0269881114552713. Epub 2014 Sep 29. Author information 1 Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Instituto Plantando Consciência, São Paulo, Brazil eduardoschenberg@gmail.com. 2 Instituto Plantando Consciência, São Paulo, Brazil. 3 M.P.P.G[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Subdural Hematoma

Head CT > Trauma > Chronic Subdural Hematoma Chronic Subdural Hematoma Chronic SDH becomes low density as the hemorrhage is further reabsorbed. It is usually uniformly low density but may be loculated. Rebleeding often occurs and causes mixed density and fluid levels. Crescent shaped chronic subdural hematoma[…] [med-ed.virginia.edu]