Possible Causes for nonvisualization of the gallbladder Acute Cholecystitis A positive HBI was one in which there was nonvisualization of the gallbladder up to four hours after the administration of technetium Tc 99m-disofenin. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] A positive HBI was one in which there was nonvisualization of the gallbladder up to four hours after the administration of technetium Tc 99m—disofenin. [doi.org] Nonvisualization of the gallbladder (within 4 hr) is diagnostic of cystic duct occlusion. (See Figure 2 .) [clinicaladvisor.com] Autonomic Neuropathy We report on a 10-year-old girl with anhidrosis and insensibility to pain, but no severe mental retardation or self-mutilation, diagnosed as hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type IV (HSAN IV). Genetic analysis of her TRKA gene, which is responsible for HSAN IV, revealed two novel missense mutations in the[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Cholecystectomy No study that we encountered looked at nonvisualization of the gallbladder (GB) during surgery as a risk factor. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] We hypothesized that nonvisualization was associated with an increased risk of complications and could be an early intraoperative identifier of a higher risk procedure. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Gallbladder Sludge nonfilling gallbladder, nonvisualization of the gallbladder 胆嚢内沈殿物・浮遊物 debris 超音波検査（法） ultrasonography 超音波透明帯 sonolucent layer 超音波内視鏡下穿刺（術） EUS-guided fine needle aspiration [jsge.or.jp] With cystic duct obstruction (cholecystitis), the HIDA scan shows nonvisualization (ie, considered positive) of the gallbladder at 60 minutes and uptake in the intestine as [emedicine.medscape.com] […] cholangioscopy 胆道造影（法） cholangiography 胆道内圧測定（法） cholangiomanometry, manometry of biliary tract, measurement of bile duct pressure, biliary manometry 胆嚢造影陰性 non-opacification of the gallbladder [jsge.or.jp] Gallbladder Carcinoma Biochimie. 2018 Mar;146:56-67. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.10.027. Epub 2017 Nov 17. Author information 1 Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, Logistics University of People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, China. 2 Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Splenic Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Logistics[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Primary Biliary Cirrhosis A 34-year-old woman showed liver dysfunction for the first time at 3 months after delivery. Two years later, she was referred to our department with continued liver dysfunction. She fulfilled the criteria for primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC)-autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) overlap. Liver dysfunction improved after[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Fucosidosis This investigation reports the biochemical findings in a native-born Briton suffering from the adult form of fucosidosis. Alpha-L-fucosidase, alpha-L-iduronidase, and beta-D-galactosidase were studied in cultured fibroblast and leucocytes from the patient with fucosidosis, her maternal grandfather, and several normal[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Chronic Cholecystitis Using nonvisualization of the gallbladder for up to 4 h as the criterion for acute cholecystitis, the sensitivity and specificity for acute cholecystitis were 97 and 66%, [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Cholescintigraphy may show nonvisualization of the gallbladder but is less accurate. [msdmanuals.com] At histopathology the gallbladders were categorized as normal, acute cholecystitis, or chronic cholecystitis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Cystic Duct Obstruction Nonvisualization at 1 Hour Nonvisualization of the gallbladder at 1 hour is one of the most common problems faced in hepatobiliary scintigraphy. [med.harvard.edu] 2016 2017 2018 2019 Non-Billable/Non-Specific Code Type 1 Excludes nonvisualization of gallbladder ( R93.2 ) postcholecystectomy syndrome ( K91.5 ) Other diseases of gallbladder [icd10data.com] […] reveals nonvisualized gallbladder Treatment The primary treatment for symptomatic gallstone disease is cholecystectomy. [clevelandclinicmeded.com] Acute Alcohol Intoxication Gallbladder nonvisualization with pericholecystic rim sign: morphine-augmentation optimizes diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. J Nucl Med. 1996;37:267–269. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Power Doppler ultrasound of gallbladder wall vascularization in inflammation: clinical implications. Eur Radiol. 2000;10:1587–1590. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 8. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Rotor Syndrome In the patients with Dubin-Johnson syndrome, the cholescintigrams had a characteristic pattern of delayed visualization or nonvisualization of the gallbladder and bile ducts [pubs.rsna.org] Acute Emphysematous Cholecystitis Hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid imaging typically demonstrates nonvisualization of the gallbladder and may show increased activity in the gallbladder fossa, known as the [radiologytoday.net] “Nonvisualized gallbladder” is considered to be part of the spectrum of sonographic findings of emphysematous cholecystitis. [medical-case-reports.imedpub.com] […] wall gas can be interpreted as nonvisualization of the gallbladder, resulting in false-negative results from the scans. [6] In addition, the characteristic ultrasonographic [emedicine.medscape.com] Gallbladder Perforation […] different imaging patterns: 1) visualization of the gallbladder with bile leakage, 2) nonvisualization of the gallbladder with a photopenic fluid collection, and 3) nonvisualization [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] 2016 2017 2018 2019 Non-Billable/Non-Specific Code Type 1 Excludes nonvisualization of gallbladder ( R93.2 ) postcholecystectomy syndrome ( K91.5 ) Other diseases of gallbladder [icd10data.com] […] of the gallbladder with bile leakage. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Hydrops of the Gallbladder 2016 2017 2018 2019 Non-Billable/Non-Specific Code Type 1 Excludes nonvisualization of gallbladder ( R93.2 ) postcholecystectomy syndrome ( K91.5 ) Other diseases of gallbladder [icd10data.com] Nonvisualization of the gallbladder (within 4 hr) is diagnostic of cystic duct occlusion. (See Figure 2.) [clinicaladvisor.com] Nonvisualization of the gallbladder There can be many reasons why the gallbladder is not seen with ultrasound. [radiologykey.com] Gallbladder Displacement ABDOMEN: Gallbladder G-108 Nonvisualization of the Gallbladder (Ultrasound, CT, Nuclear Scan)) G-109 Small or Contracted Gallbladder (Ultrasound, CT, MRI) G-110 Enlarged Gallbladder [gamuts.isradiology.org] Of the fourteen patients, eight of them had a retrohepatic gallbladder. Two of the eight were secondary to agenesis and the other six secondary to atrophy [5]. [elynsgroup.com] This study suggested that agenesis is highly substantiated when nonvisualization of the right hepatic vein, right portal vein, and right intrahepatic ducts are present. [elynsgroup.com] Cholecystitis A positive HBI was one in which there was nonvisualization of the gallbladder up to four hours after the administration of technetium Tc 99m—disofenin. [doi.org] Nonvisualization of the gallbladder (within 4 hr) is diagnostic of cystic duct occlusion. (See Figure 2 .) [oncologynurseadvisor.com] Biliary patency imaging after endoscopic retrograde sphincterotomy with gallbladder in situ. Clinical impact of nonvisualization. [appliedradiology.com] Biliary Fistula However, a nonvisualized or shrunken gallbladder seen at US often coexisted in these cases. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Biliary Colic After administration of cholecystokinin (CCK), nonvisualization of the gallbladder on HIDA scan is consistent with acute cholecystitis, while visualization of the gallbladder [doi.org] With cystic duct obstruction (cholecystitis), the HIDA scan shows nonvisualization (ie, considered positive) of the gallbladder at 60 minutes and uptake in the intestine as [emedicine.com] In this scenario, nonvisualization of the gallbladder, with or without morphine injection, is consistent with acalculous cholecystitis. 32, 50, 51, 52 Accumulation of radioactive [doi.org] Solitary Renal Cyst Additional diagnostic studies CCK (cholecystokinin) cholescintigraphy to define function and emptying rate, disease may be indicated by: – Nonvisualization of the gallbladder [clinicaladvisor.com] – CT will define mass and vascularity, as well as extension out of gallbladder into surrounding tissues. – ERCP may be needed to exclude bile duct involvement. [clinicaladvisor.com] Malignant Neoplasm of the Gallbladder Nonvisualization of the gallbladder and the presence of gallstones within the mass are helpful in making the diagnosis. [pubs.rsna.org] […] reveals nonvisualized gallbladder Treatment The primary treatment for symptomatic gallstone disease is cholecystectomy. [clevelandclinicmeded.com] Gallbladder carcinoma most commonly manifests as a large solid mass in the gallbladder fossa obscuring the gallbladder, with extension into the liver or adjacent organs (, [pubs.rsna.org] Dubin-Johnson Syndrome In the patients with Dubin-Johnson syndrome, the cholescintigrams had a characteristic pattern of delayed visualization or nonvisualization of the gallbladder and bile ducts [pubs.rsna.org] Ampulla of Vater Obstruction Syndrome […] reveals nonvisualized gallbladder Treatment The primary treatment for symptomatic gallstone disease is cholecystectomy. [clevelandclinicmeded.com] The radionuclide material is concentrated in the liver and excreted into the bile but does not fill the gallbladder because of cystic duct obstruction. [clevelandclinicmeded.com] Back to Top Summary: Acute Cholecystitis Right upper quadrant abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting Ultrasound reveals Thickened gallbladder wall Pericholecystic HIDA scan [clevelandclinicmeded.com] Biliary Atresia Prenatal series have yielded conflicting results concerning a possible association between BA and prenatal nonvisualization of the gallbladder. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] PubMed Google Scholar Blazer S, Zimmer EZ, Bronshtein M: Nonvisualization of the fetal gallbladder in early pregnancy: comparison with clinical outcome. [doi.org] Nonvisualization of the fetal gallbladder in early pregnancy: comparison with clinical outcome. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Biliary Tract Infection […] reveals nonvisualized gallbladder Treatment The primary treatment for symptomatic gallstone disease is cholecystectomy. [clevelandclinicmeded.com] The radionuclide material is concentrated in the liver and excreted into the bile but does not fill the gallbladder because of cystic duct obstruction. [clevelandclinicmeded.com] Back to Top Summary: Acute Cholecystitis Right upper quadrant abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting Ultrasound reveals Thickened gallbladder wall Pericholecystic HIDA scan [clevelandclinicmeded.com] Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Preliminary scans without biliary contrast injection resulted in nonvisualization of biliary structures due to inadequate hepatic soft tissue contrast. [nature.com] This modification yielded visualization of the gallbladder, extrahepatic ducts, and intrahepatic ducts in three, two, and none of the three mdr2KO mice, respectively ( Figure [nature.com] Congenital Liver Cyst Additional diagnostic studies CCK (cholecystokinin) cholescintigraphy to define function and emptying rate, disease may be indicated by: – Nonvisualization of the gallbladder [clinicaladvisor.com] – CT will define mass and vascularity, as well as extension out of gallbladder into surrounding tissues. – ERCP may be needed to exclude bile duct involvement. [clinicaladvisor.com] Calcification of the Gallbladder 2016 2017 2018 2019 Non-Billable/Non-Specific Code Type 1 Excludes nonvisualization of gallbladder ( R93.2 ) postcholecystectomy syndrome ( K91.5 ) Other diseases of gallbladder [icd10data.com] […] and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified ( R00 - R94 ) Diseases of the digestive system K82 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code K82 Other diseases of gallbladder [icd10data.com] Biliary Dyskinesia 2016 2017 2018 2019 Non-Billable/Non-Specific Code Type 1 Excludes nonvisualization of gallbladder ( R93.2 ) postcholecystectomy syndrome ( K91.5 ) Other diseases of gallbladder [icd10data.com] […] reveals nonvisualized gallbladder Treatment The primary treatment for symptomatic gallstone disease is cholecystectomy. [clevelandclinicmeded.com] […] and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified ( R00 - R94 ) Diseases of the digestive system K82 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code K82 Other diseases of gallbladder [icd10data.com] Choledochal Cyst […] cholecystitis and that large choledochal cysts may compress the gallbladder, leading to nonvisualization. [emedicine.medscape.com] Nonvisualization of the gallbladder occurred in 18 (67%) of 27 patients at 4 hours after injection of the radionuclide. [emedicine.medscape.com] Kao and co-investigators concluded that nonvisualization of the gallbladder on cholescintigraphy in patients with choledochal cysts is not necessarily indicative of acute [emedicine.medscape.com] Wisconsin Syndrome Note persistent nonvisualization of the gallbladder and minimal activity within the small bowel. Courtesy of Dr. [emedicine.medscape.com] Note the nonvisualization of gallbladder and small bowel activity. Lower activity is within the urinary bladder. Courtesy of Dr. [emedicine.medscape.com]
