Possible Causes for nystagmus Acute Alcohol Intoxication The first patient (female, 50 years old) had dysarthria, nystagmus and trunk ataxia on admission. Her blood alcohol level was 2.3‰. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] One (or more) of the following signs, developing during, or shortly after, alcohol use: (1) slurred speech (2) incoordination (3) unsteady gait (4) nystagmus (5) impairment [hams.cc] Due to their shared symptoms including double vision, nystagmus, dysarthria, and ataxia, the differential diagnosis of alcohol intoxication and vertebrobasilar stroke may [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Ménière Disease Periodic alternating nystagmus (PAN) is a spontaneous horizontal nystagmus that reverses direction periodically. PAN has been reported in acquired and congenital forms. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Periodic alternating nystagmus is a rare central nervous system disorder in which the eyes undergo a horizontal jerk nystagmus that periodically reverses direction. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Three patients developed a spontaneous "irritative" nystagmus during the early post-treatment period. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Traumatic Brain Injury Appetite changes Partial or total loss of vision Weakness of eye muscles and/or double vision (diplopia) Blurred vision Problems judging distance Involuntary eye movements (nystagmus [northeastern.edu] Hinoki MTerayama K Physiological role of neck muscles in the occurrence of optic eye nystagmus: relationship of optic head nystagmus to optic eye nystagmus in case of procanization [doi.org] A labyrinthine concussion is often manifested by vertigo, nystagmus, and nausea that occur after rapid changes in head position. [doi.org] Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo A 50-year-old woman with BPPV who showed an 18 degree spontaneous nystagmus treated with Epley maneuver and a 53-year-old man with 3 degree spontaneous nystagmus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Down-beating positional nystagmus is typically associated with central nervous system disease. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] […] torsional nystagmus in SSC BPPV versus up-beating torsional nystagmus in PSC BPPV. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Stroke The first patient (female, 50 years old) had dysarthria, nystagmus and trunk ataxia on admission. Her blood alcohol level was 2.3‰. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Posterior cerebral artery Monocular loss of vision (amaurosis) Ophthalmic artery (a branch of the internal carotid artery) Unilateral or bilateral cranial nerve deficits (eg, nystagmus [msdmanuals.com] Know that cerebellar strokes also may cause vertigo, nausea and vomiting, headache, nystagmus, and slurred speech. [americannursetoday.com] Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury […] meaningful data Vision Partial or total loss of vision Weakness of eye muscles and double vision (diplopia) Blurred vision Problems judging distance Involuntary eye movements (nystagmus [traumaticbraininjury.com] Partial or total loss of vision Diplopia, which is weakness of eye muscles that causes double vision Blurred vision Problems judging distance Involuntary eye movements, called nystagmus [brainline.org] Cerebellar Stroke Remaining 8 patients were also symptomatic for vertigo, but they had spontaneous nystagmus. The latter group was called "disease control." [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] It is important to observe the nystagmus periodically after onset. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Patients with symptoms commonly peripheral in etiology (nystagmus, tinnitus, gait instability, etc.) were included in the study. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Alcohol Withdrawal Monitor for disorientation, diaphoresis, agitation, tremulousness, hyper-reflexia, ataxia, and nystagmus. C. [clinicaladvisor.com] […] therapeutic range for phenobarbital (64-172 micromol/L 15-40 ug/ml), an orange line indicating the level at which mild signs of toxicity are usually noted such as ataxia and nystagmus [emcrit.org] Exam findings suggestive of withdrawal can include disorientation, diaphoresis, agitation, tremulousness, hyper-reflexia, ataxia, and nystagmus. [clinicaladvisor.com] Transient Ischemic Attack […] is usually peripheral in nature, whereas vertical, pure torsional and/or bidirectional nystagmus, limb ataxia and pinprick sensation asymmetry are usually central Dix Hallpike [emergencymedicinecases.com] Posterior cerebral artery Monocular loss of vision (amaurosis) Ophthalmic artery (a branch of the internal carotid artery) Unilateral or bilateral cranial nerve deficits (eg, nystagmus [msdmanuals.com] Posterior circulation† Nystagmus Vertigo (spinning sensation) Disconjugate gaze If subtle, blurry or double vision Homonymous visual-field cut Inability to see well, especially [aafp.org] Vestibular Neuronitis Abstract We evaluated the vestibular functions, especially for positional nystagmus and caloric nystagmus, in 43 cases of vestibular neuronitis for long periods after its [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] It is suggested that the direction of nystagmus depends upon the severity of each vestibular dysfunction. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] All cases were examined for critical head position which provoked vertigo, non-gaze nystagmus, positional and positioning nystagmus and caloric nystagmus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Brain Stem Infarction In the author's experience, these patients often exhibit rebound nystagmus, which is a variant of gaze-evoked nystagmus. [dizziness-and-balance.com] She eventually woke up but had very profound neurological findings including ataxia and a disjunctive nystagmus. [dizziness-and-balance.com] Acute onset in an unknown diabetic associated with brain-stem infarction and death. ( 4212098 ) Siegel A.J....Bell W.R. 1974 43 See-saw nystagmus: an unusual sign of brain-stem [malacards.org] Subclavian Steal Syndrome No cases of spontaneous nystagmus were observed. The positional nystagmus could be an isolated finding, in VBI, even if there were no other neurological signs 11. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] […] report the case of a 56-year-old man who presented with arterial hypotension, lightheadedness, vomiting, a sense of tingling in his right arm, and a right-beating horizontal nystagmus [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] During ENG, no spontaneous nystagmus was found and, in the position of Rose 4, a positional vertical down-beating nystagmus was noted with the head turned left, middle and [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Double vision or eye tremor ( nystagmus ) may result from involvement of the nerve pathways controlling movement of the eye muscles. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com] […] muscle spasms, or difficulty in moving; difficulties with coordination and balance (ataxia); problems in speech (dysarthria) or swallowing (dysphagia), visual problems (nystagmus [disabled-world.com] The first symptomatic drugs to improve mobility are beginning to emerge, if of limited efficacy,9 while treatments to help ataxia, tremor and nystagmus remain very poor. [jnnp.bmj.com] Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency The effect of these drugs on vestibular nystagmus was studied in Alsatian dogs before and after occluding one vertebral artery. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] The effect of the two drugs on the vestibular nystagmus was studied in Alsatian dogs before and after occluding one vertebral artery. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] An abnormal positional nystagmus was observed when he rotated his head to the left. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Labyrinthitis Nystagmus type: Nystagmus is spontaneous. It is usually fine horizontal but may be mixed horizontal-torsional. [patient.info] At times, they would just wiggle back and forth in a classic horizontal nystagmus, though always to the left. [complexchild.org] Nystagmus which changes direction on eccentric gaze (i.e., right beating nystagmus with right gaze and left beating nystagmus with left gaze, with or without nystagmus with [clinicaladvisor.com] Cerebral Hemorrhage The symptomatology of the cases with saltatory evolution had subacute onset, in 1-3 days, with hypotonia, nystagmus and posture disorders. [medichub.ro] The rest of 21% of cases had catastrophic clinical findings: bulging anterior fontanelle, dehiscent cranial sutures, projectile vomiting, fixation of pupils, nystagmus, seizures [medichub.ro] Meningitis She had nystagmus, scanning speech, bilateral papilloedema and ataxia. Cranial imaging showed a 10 mm tonsillar herniation. Posterior fossa decompression was done. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Cerebellar Infarction (SN) or direction changed bidirectional gaze-evoked nystagmus (GEN). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] To define the characteristics and mechanism of head-shaking nystagmus in central vestibulopathies, we investigated spontaneous nystagmus and head-shaking nystagmus in 72 patients [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] KEYWORDS: Cerebellar infarction; Cerebellum; Ocular fixation; Spontaneous nystagmus [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Cerebellar Hemorrhage Abstract A 63-year-old woman presented with a metastatic focus of papillary thyroid carcinoma in the cerebellopontine angle manifesting as lateral gazing nystagmus and slurred [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] A careful search for subtle cerebellar signs, including dysarthria, limb ataxia, nystagmus or tandem gait instability, absent in true gastroenteritis cases, could potentially [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Cerebellar signs (e.g. ataxia, nystagmus) 1. Larger bleeds can impair consciousness and obstruct the fourth ventricle resulting in obstructive hydrocephalus. [radiopaedia.org] Intracerebral Hematoma There may be little or no evidence of the usual signs of cerevellar disease, & only a minority of cases show nystagmus or ataxia of the limbs. [enotes.tripod.com] […] the following: [ citation needed ] Hypertension, fever, or cardiac arrhythmias Nuchal rigidity Subhyaloid retinal hemorrhages Altered level of consciousness Anisocoria, nystagmus [en.wikipedia.org] Although neuro-otological examinations especially gaze nystagmus, eye tracking and positional nystagmus tests, were useful for diagnosing the central vestibular lesions, no [ispub.com] Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Occlusion Positional testing was abnormal due to the ongoing nystagmus, but there was also a brief upbeating nystagmus. Headshaking provoked a very strong reversal of nystagmus. [dizziness-and-balance.com] More or less complete dorsal lateral medullary syndrome (Wallenberg syndrome) if the medulla is involved: ipsilesional vestibular (vertigo, vomiting, nystagmus, lateropulsion [imaios.com] In the author's experience, these patients often exhibit rebound nystagmus, which is a variant of gaze-evoked nystagmus. [tchain.com] Malnutrition Acquired nystagmus Nystagmus that develops later, in adults, is called “acquired nystagmus”. [rnib.org.uk] What causes nystagmus? How is nystagmus diagnosed? How is nystagmus treated? What is nystagmus? [aoa.org] A person with nystagmus has no control over this movement of the eyes. What causes nystagmus? Early onset nystagmus will appear in very young babies. [gosh.nhs.uk] Nystagmus Symmetrical vertical nystagmus Upbeat nystagmus : This is a jerk nystagmus with the fast phase going upwards. [patient.info] Certain diagnostic features differentiate voluntary nystagmus from pathologic nystagmus: the convergent effort required to start the nystagmus, the inability to sustain the [dx.doi.org] nystagmus, respectively). [patient.info] Central Positional Vertigo The direction of nystagmus is important for the diagnosis of central paroxysmal positioning nystagmus (cPPV). Neuro-Ophthalmology, Vol. 21, Issue. 2, p. 97. [cambridge.org] Effect of Fixation on Nystagmus 4. Vestibular versus Central Nystagmus 5. [slideshare.net] nystagmus on head-shaking. [dizziness-and-balance.com] Basilar Migraine Conversely, early developmental disturbances of vision often disrupt ocular motor control systems, giving rise to complex disorders such as nystagmus, strabismus, and torticollis [books.google.com] Other brainstem- related symptoms less commonly noted include nystagmus, diplopia, and decreases in hearing. 1-9 The headache phase of the basilar migraine consists of a severe [dynamicchiropractic.com] When nystagmus is present, it is often directed vertically (e.g. upbeating or downbeating). [dizziness-and-balance.com] Wernicke Encephalopathy An examination revealed spontaneous upbeat nystagmus ( Video 1 ), gaze-evoked nystagmus ( Video 2 ), and gait ataxia. She had no ophthalmoplegia. [nejm.org] The classic triad of confusion, ophthalmoplegia (or nystagmus) and ataxia may be absent, and the history of alcohol abuse or other causes of thiamine deficiency may be unknown [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Here we describe a teenage girl who develops vomiting after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and presented with nystagmus, irritability, and ataxia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Leigh's Disease The authors present the case of a 9-year-old girl with dorsal midbrain syndrome causing convergence retraction nystagmus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Extraocular movements showed greatly reduced pursuit and saccades in elevation and convergence–retraction nystagmus on attempted up gaze. [healio.com] A 4 1/2-month-old girl suffered from psychomotor retardation, generalized hypotonia, poor feeding, hyperreflexia, nystagmus, optical atrophy and choreoathetosis from the age [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Cerebral Embolism There was no gaze preference or nystagmus. Corneal reflexes were intact. The right nasolabial fold was flattened, and right eye closure was decreased. [pediatrics.aappublications.org] Infraction in this area may also cause vertigo, nystagmus, ipsilateral ataxia of limbs, and a contralateral hemiparesis with no sensory defect. [brainmind.com] Posterior cerebral artery Monocular loss of vision (amaurosis) Ophthalmic artery (a branch of the internal carotid artery) Unilateral or bilateral cranial nerve deficits (eg, nystagmus [merckmanuals.com] Syringomyelia (decreased muscle strength) in the arms or legs Painless burn or injury of the hand Difficulty walking or toe walking in children Uncontrollable movements of the eyes ( nystagmus [nlm.nih.gov] Numbness - may replace pain Signs - Horner's syndrome, Nystagmus, Muscle wasting, LE spasticity, Charcot UE joints, Pes Cavus, Short neck, Low hairline, Limb length inequality [gait.aidi.udel.edu] Olivopontocerebellar Atrophy There was no pathologic nystagmus or saccadic dysmetria. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] […] uptake deficiency on single photon emission computed tomography scans had poorer performances on three of the four subscores (static equilibrium, dynamic equilibrium and nystagmus [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] For the clinical rating, International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS) was used and dysarthria, gaze evoked nystagmus, finger to nose, pronation-supination alternating [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
