Pendular Nystagmus: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for Pendular Nystagmus

Hereditary Nystagmus

Nystagmus may also be pendular or, when vision is very poor, of a searching type. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

SPONTANEOUS NYSTAGMUS Vestibular imbalance nystagmus Acquired pendular nystagmus Horizontal Vertical See-saw Congenital Nystagmus Latent nystagmus (LN) Pendular type Jerk [tchain.com]

Identifier 163-9-4 Title Familial Nystagmus Ocular Movements Congenital Nystagmus; Horizontal Pendular Nystagmus; Infantile Nystagmus Syndrome; Familial Congenital Nystagmus [collections.lib.utah.edu]

Spasmus Nutans

Pendular nystagmus of Spasmus Nutans. Nystagmus of the Blind (follow link). Vertical Pendular Nystagmus Pontine hemorrhage Oculopalatal myoclonus. [dizziness-and-balance.com]

Ocular motility recordings revealed an unusual latent/manifest latent nystagmus, pendular nystagmus with characteristics of an acquired nystagmus, and uniocular saccades. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Rhythmic head movements and fine, intermittent, asymmetric, disconjugate, high-frequency, out-of-phase pendular nystagmus were recorded. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Infantile Neuroaxonal Dystrophy

Visual signs, including strabismus, pendular nystagmus, uncoordinated eye movements, optic atrophy and failing vision are generally early and prominent. [orpha.net]

Clinical features with fatal issue within 2 years, are characterized by psychomotor retardation, pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs, pendular nystagmus with bilateral atrophia [semanticscholar.org]

Neurologic Manifestation of Whipple Disease

It differs from other forms of pendular nystagmus in that it is smooth and continuous with a high amplitude and slow frequency. [eyewiki.aao.org]

It is characterized by smooth, continuous, slow (1-3 Hz), pendular, convergent-divergent nystagmus, concurrent contractions of the masticatory muscles, supranuclear vertical [eyewiki.aao.org]

Leber Congenital Amaurosis

Nystagmus (pendular type) and characteristic eye poking are frequently observed in the first months of life (digito-ocular sign of Franceschetti). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] or searching nystagmus, sunken eyeballs, photophobia, and the digito-ocular sign (Franceschetti-Leber phenomenon), with slowly progressive retinal atrophy. [whonamedit.com]

Patients usually present at birth with profound vision loss and pendular nystagmus. Electroretinogram (ERG) responses are usually nonrecordable. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Acute Cerebellar Ataxia

Nystagmus, skew deviation, disconjugate saccades, and altered ocular pursuit can be present. [ajnr.org]

[…] unsteady gait, errors of extremity trajectory or placement, errors in motor sequence or rhythm and/or by dysarthria. 1 Tone is usually decreased and stretch reflexes may be “pendular [ajnr.org]

Subacute Cerebellar Degeneration

Nystagmus, skew deviation, disconjugate saccades, and altered ocular pursuit can be present. [ajnr.org]

Cerebellar Mass Lesion

Nystagmus, pendular Short term memory loss Slow speech Staggering Gait Tic syndrome in a child Habit spasm Tremor Tremor,coarse Unable to tandem walk/straight line Vertigo [howmed.net]

[…] position change Headache worse with position change Headache worse with valsalva/Bowel movement Headache/worsened by movement Lethargy/torpor Limb Ataxia Memory Loss in Elderly Nystagmus [howmed.net]

Cerebellar Infarction

Midbrain/Thalamic hemorrahages Movie of mixed jerk torsion and shimmering pendular (9 meg) Midbrain hemorrhages can cause very devastating nystagmus, often with twisting eye [dizziness-and-balance.com]

In the patient whose images are shown above, there is a very rapid but small amplitude horizontal nystagmus, apparently pendular, not always present, superimposed on a constantly [dizziness-and-balance.com]

[…] present nystagmus with fast phases going up and twisting to the right side. [dizziness-and-balance.com]

Friedreich Ataxia

irregular eye movement calibration, spontaneous rebound nystagmus, bi- and multi-directional semi-spontaneous nystagmus, abolition of optokinetic nystagmus, pendular tracking [scielo.br]

[…] using pendular tracking, checking for pre- and post-rotatory plus pre- and post-caloric optokinetic nystagmus. [scielo.br]

[…] type IV nystagmus, hyporeflexia, absence of inhibitory effect of eye fixation, and Aubry signs in the Barany test. [scielo.br]

Cerebellar Disease

Intention Tremor Scanning speech Eyes rebound for nystagmus Rebound for the rebound phenomenon Pendulum for pendular knee jerk and hypotonia Also remember the "4 Dys" of Cerebellar [medicowesome.blogspot.com]

Nystagmus, pendular Short term memory loss Slow speech Staggering Gait Tic syndrome in a child Habit spasm Tremor Tremor,coarse Unable to tandem walk/straight line Vertigo [howmed.net]

Asses for nystagmus and slurred speech. [ptpaces.wordpress.com]

Cerebellar Hemorrhage

Three patients with remote cerebellar hemorrhage following supratentorial cerebrovascular surgery are presented. Remote cerebellar hemorrhage is a rare surgical complication that is most often associated with aneurysm clipping or temporal lobectomies. Bleeding occurs on the superior cerebellar cortex and is[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cerebellar Neoplasm

This study describes three cases of neuroectodermal cerebellar neoplasms occurring in adults, characterized by a monomorphic population of round cells with scanty cytoplasm and focal areas of lipid accumulation. Astrocytic and neuronal differentiation was confirmed in these cells by glial fibrillary acidic protein and[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Parenchymatous Cortical Cerebellar Degeneration

Encephalopathy in Hyperthermia 134 Arsenical Encephalopathy 136 Anoxic 148 Central Pontine Myelinolysis 158 Infarcts with Arterial Thrombosis 160 Infarcts with Cerebral Embolism 164 Aseptic 166 Embolism Following Cardiac Surgery 166 Thromboembolism Associated with Carci 178 Giant Cell Arteritis 178 Disseminated Lupus[…] [books.google.de]

Cerebellar Hemangioblastoma

A 38-year-old woman with known von Hippel-Lindau syndrome underwent In-111 pentetreotide (OctreoScan) scintigraphy to evaluate a suspected pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. The patient had undergone surgical resection of a left adrenal pheochromocytoma and a large right cerebellar hemangioblastoma several years[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Alcoholic Cerebellar Degeneration

BACKGROUND: There are no population studies estimating the burden of alcoholic cerebellar degeneration (ACD). We aimed to assess prevalence and correlates of ACD among chronic alcohol drinkers living in rural Ecuador. METHODS: Characteristics of alcohol intake were evaluated in community-dwelling men aged ≥40years[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Dandy-Walker Syndrome

Dandy–Walker syndrome is a rare group of congenital human brain malformations. There are three subtypes which affect multiple organs to varying degrees, but the fundamental abnormalities involve the cerebellum which controls muscle coordination. The adjacent third and fourth ventricles are often affected, which[…] [en.wikipedia.org]

Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is a dominantly inherited progressive neurological disorder characterized by neuronal degeneration and reactive gliosis in the cerebellum, brainstem, spinocerebellar tracts, and dorsal columns. Multiple system atrophy is a sporadic progressive neurological disorder with degeneration[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Dysequilibrium Syndrome

Dysequilibrium syndrome (DES) is a non-progressive congenital ataxia characterized by severe intellectual deficit, truncal ataxia and markedly delayed, quadrupedal or absent ambulation. Recessive loss-of-function mutations in the very low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) gene represent the most common cause of[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Foveal Retinoschisis

A brother and sister born of a consanguinous marriage had bilateral foveal retinoschisis and a generalized rod-cone dysfunction. This was associated with nyctalopia, hyperopia, minimal vitreous opacities in the sister, a paramacular tapetal sheen reflex, normal retinal vessels, an abnormal electroretinogram, and a[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Kearns-Sayre Syndrome

Kearns Sayre syndrome belongs to a group of mitochondrial DNA deletion syndromes, together with pearson syndrome and progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO). An onset of progressive ophthalmoplegia and pigmentary retinopathy before the age of 20, accompanied by cardiac and central nervous system[…] [symptoma.com]

Central Positional Vertigo

This also explains the presence of pendular nystagmus in congenital blindness. [teddybrain.wordpress.com]

Acquired Pendular Nystagmus Unlike congenital pendular nystagmus, acquired pendular nystagmus often entails slow-phase eye movements in horizontal, vertical, and torsional [eyewiki.aao.org]

Congenital pendular nystagmus is usually horizontal in direction. [jnnp.bmj.com]

Familial Infantile Bilateral Striatal Necrosis

Pendular nystagmus appeared at a late stage. MRI, performed at various stages of the disease, showed severe basal ganglia atrophy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Untreated children showed signs of developmental arrest with onset at age 7 to 15 months, choreoathetosis and dysphagia, and a later onset of pendular nystagmus. [pediatricneurologybriefs.com]

Ocular Albinism

Video Horizontal Pendular Nystagmus. (00:21) A 32-year-old Hispanic woman with ocular albinism presented with a congenital horizontal pendular nystagmus (see video ). [nejm.org]

Common ocular manifestations accompanying XLOA comprise foveal hypoplasia, pendular nystagmus, reduced visual acuity and strabismus. [symptoma.com]

When there is macular involvement, the eye constantly searches for a clear image, causing the pendular nystagmus. [nejm.org]

Horizontal Gaze Palsy with Progressive Scoliosis

Horizontal gaze palsy with progressive scoliosis (HGPPS) is a rare clinical condition characterized by a combination of horizontal gaze palsy, pendular nystagmus and scoliosis [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Associated with pendular nystagmus, progressive scoliosis, and facial contraction with myokymia. Neurology 1975;25:1035-1040. 10. [repository.countway.harvard.edu]

Familial paralysis of horizontal gaze: associated with pendular nystagmus, progressive scoliosis, and facial contraction with myokymia. [ajnr.org]

Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease

Magnetic search-coil oculography of three brothers with clinically diagnosed Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease disclosed the presence of binocular elliptical pendular nystagmus [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) is a rare dysmyelinating disorder characterised by early pendular nystagmus, often rotatory and muscular hypotonia with subsequent ataxia [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In view of global developmental delay, central hypotonia and pendular nystagmus, the possibility of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) was kept. [annalsofian.org]

Achromatopsia

Her younger brother was diagnosed with complete ACHM and was not able to hold fixation, had severe pendular nystagmus, visual acuity that ranged from 0.08 to 0.1, and severe [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

It is usually an autosomal-recessive disease and is characterized by pendular nystagmus, poor visual acuity, lack of color vision, and marked photophobia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Clinical description ACHM is characterized by reduced visual acuity, pendular nystagmus, increased sensitivity to light (photophobia), a small central scotoma, and reduced [orpha.net]

Familial Congenital Palsy of Trochlear Nerve

She also had asynchronous blinking, conjugate pendular nystagmus, and high myopia. The patient was the fifth child of first-cousin parents. [cags.org.ae]

Vertical Oscillations Pendular Horiztonal Oscillations Ocular Dipping Section 2: Rhythmic Intrusions/Nystagmus/Dysmetria Congenital Nystagmus Infantile Nystagmus Syndrome [repository.countway.harvard.edu]

[…] to the BHGP seen in many of our subjects, though none of our subjects had scoliosis or the horizontal pendular nystagmus typical of HGPPS and facial weakness is generally [academic.oup.com]

Sorsby Syndrome

nystagmus and severe visual loss, and brachydactyly type B (see these terms). [monarchinitiative.org]

Vision is, of course, severely reduced (20/200) and horizontal or pendular nystagmus is a feature in some cases. [disorders.eyes.arizona.edu]

Coloboma of macula - brachydactyly type B or Sorsby syndrome is a malformation syndrome characterized by the combination of bilateral coloboma of macula with horizontal pendular [monarchinitiative.org]

Intrapontine Hemorrhage

Horizontal pendular nystagmus emerged 7.4 months after the hemorrhage, primarily in the left eye. [burke.weill.cornell.edu]

This patient also did not develop pendular nystagmus [ 4 ], which is another common manifestation. [omicsonline.org]

In addition, the emergence of vertical pendular nystagmus was identified in the subject at 4 months. [burke.weill.cornell.edu]