Photoparoxysmal Response: Causes & Reasons

Possible Causes for Photoparoxysmal Response

Benign Adult Familial Myoclonic Epilepsy

Photoparoxysmal responses (PPR) were noted in 18 (95%) patients with BAFME but 1 (10%) with EGTCS. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Generalized paroxysmal abnormalities were found in all cases, whereas a photoparoxysmal response was observed in two. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

Response 3 progressive myoclonus epilepsy + Spastic Paraplegia with Myoclonic Epilepsy [rgd.mcw.edu]

Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy Type 8

With doses of up to 10 g/day, elimination of photoparoxysmal responses was achieved in all 3 patients. [karger.com]

Intermittent light stimulation generated a photoparoxysmal response at low frequencies. Epileptic activity did not increase during stages of drowsiness. [elsevier.es]

Paroxysms caused by intermittent light stimulation grow more frequent and gradually become continuous; photoparoxysmal response is typical at low frequencies. 7 Unlike in [elsevier.es]

Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

responses (PPRs). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

PURPOSE: Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is commonly associated with photoparoxysmal response (PPR) with a reported prevalence of 25-42%. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Photic stimulation disclosed a marked photoparoxysmal response, sometimes associated with myoclonic jerks. [jle.com]

Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy Type 7

Intermittent light stimulation generated a photoparoxysmal response at low frequencies. Epileptic activity did not increase during stages of drowsiness. [elsevier.es]

Paroxysms caused by intermittent light stimulation grow more frequent and gradually become continuous; photoparoxysmal response is typical at low frequencies. 7 Unlike in [elsevier.es]

PER was quite effective in suppressing photoparoxysmal response in these patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Photosensitive Epilepsy

A flashing strobe light, for example, can trigger a photoparoxysmal response in a predisposed individual. [mdedge.com]

Methods Seven participants with a photoparoxysmal response to intermittent photic stimulation (IPS) at baseline were randomized in a double-blind, 4-period cross-over study [n.neurology.org]

The second patient's photoparoxysmal response was suppressed by both parallel-polarized and blue cross-polarized glasses, whereas the third patient's photoparoxysmal response [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy

PURPOSE: Photosensitivity or photoparoxysmal response (PPR) is an electroencephalography trait that is highly associated with idiopathic generalized epilepsies (IGEs) and [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Other characteristic EEG features include polyspikes, polyspike-wave discharges, occipital intermittent rhythmic delta activity, and photoparoxysmal response. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

response, variable response of AS to intravenous benzodiazepines, and usually good seizure control with valproate. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Focal Epilepsy - Speech Disorder - Mental Retardation

Photoparoxysmal responses (PPRs) are generalized epileptiform abnormalities occurring during photic stimulation. [pediatrics.emory.edu]

Different types of photoparoxysmal response (PPR) have been described according to EEG distribution of discharge, and only generalised photoparoxysmal (spike wave) discharge [jnnp.bmj.com]

[…] disorders but not epilepsy *- Photoparoxysmal response most easily elicited at f= 15-20 Hz; not time locked to flash stimulation Photic driving response Rhythmic occipital [biomedresearches.com]

Late-Infantile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis

[…] with a photoparoxysmal response associated with other epilepsy syndromes. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

EEGs revealed a photoparoxysmal response (PPR) on intermittent photic stimulation in 93% (13 of 14) of patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Unique Characteristics of the photoparoxysmal response in patients with neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis type 2: can EEG be a biomarker? J Child Neurol. 2016;31:1475-1482. [cln2connection.com]

Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy Type 3

Intermittent light stimulation generated a photoparoxysmal response at low frequencies. Epileptic activity did not increase during stages of drowsiness. [elsevier.es]

Paroxysms caused by intermittent light stimulation grow more frequent and gradually become continuous; photoparoxysmal response is typical at low frequencies. 7 Unlike in [elsevier.es]

response (Magaudda et al., 2006; Ferlazzo et al., 2007). [academic.oup.com]

Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy

With doses of up to 10 g/day, elimination of photoparoxysmal responses was achieved in all 3 patients. [karger.com]

Intermittent light generated a photoparoxysmal response at lows. [docslide.net]

responses in 3 patients with progressive myoclonus epilepsy. [karger.com]

Unverricht-Lundborg Syndrome

response in Unverricht-Lundborg and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis Generalized discharges [hindawi.com]

GLOSSARY ANOVA = analysis of variance ; KM = Kaplan-Meier ; PHT = phenytoin ; PME = progressive myoclonus epilepsy ; PPR = photoparoxysmal responses ; PSW = polyspikes and [n.neurology.org]

Left: marked photosensitivity with generalized photoparoxysmal response (PPR). Right: normal background activity, no PPR. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy Type 6

With doses of up to 10 g/day, elimination of photoparoxysmal responses was achieved in all 3 patients. [karger.com]

Intermittent light stimulation generated a photoparoxysmal response at low frequencies. Epileptic activity did not increase during stages of drowsiness. [elsevier.es]

responses in 3 patients with progressive myoclonus epilepsy. [karger.com]

Neurodegenerative Syndrome due to Cerebral Folate Transport Deficiency

Some patients with CLN2 disease may have a characteristic photoparoxysmal response (PPR) during EEG with low-frequency (1–3 Hz) intermittent photic stimulation (IPS) [63–65 [tandfonline.com]

Acquired Epileptic Aphasia

Different types of photoparoxysmal response (PPR) have been described according to EEG distribution of discharge, and only generalised photoparoxysmal (spike wave) discharge [jnnp.bmj.com]

Yes Photoparoxysmal response in some children. Tuchman & Rapin 1997 335 8% 50% centro-temporal Yes 14% in non-epileptics but with history of deterioration. [npepjournal.biomedcentral.com]

Some types of epileptiform phenomena—3 per second spike wave discharge, hypsarrhythmia, and generalised photoparoxysmal response—are strongly correlated with clinical epilepsy [jnnp.bmj.com]

Lafora Disease

Intermittent light stimulation generated a photoparoxysmal response at low frequencies. Epileptic activity did not increase during stages of drowsiness. [elsevier.es]

Paroxysms caused by intermittent light stimulation grow more frequent and gradually become continuous; photoparoxysmal response is typical at low frequencies.7 Unlike in juvenile [elsevier.es]

response on electroencephalography (EEG) and giant somatosensory evoked potentials, as compared to patients with typical LD. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Familial Infantile Myoclonic Epilepsy

response Headache Autism Progressive visual loss Retinal dystrophy Visual loss Optic atrophy Visual impairment Giant somatosensory evoked potentials Jerk-locked premyoclonus [mendelian.co]

response Increased epileptiform discharges in sleep state transitions Vaproate and levetiracetam good (lamotrigine can exacerbate myoclonus) – lifelong therapy Generalized [emilytam.com]

Despite descriptions of clinical photosensitivity, epileptiform photoparoxysmal responses were not seen. [jamanetwork.com]

Postaxial Oligodactyly, Tetramelic

Response 1; PPR1 OMIM:609572 Photoparoxysmal Response 2; PPR2 OMIM:609573 Photoparoxysmal Response 3; PPR3 OMIM:172700 Pick Disease of Brain OMIM:172800 Piebald Trait; PBT [informatics.jax.org]

PSATD OMIM:614023 Phosphoserine Phosphatase Deficiency; PSPHD OMIM:172500 Photomyoclonus, Diabetes Mellitus, Deafness, Nephropathy, and Cerebral Dysfunction OMIM:132100 Photoparoxysmal [informatics.jax.org]

Postaxial Polydactyly Type A5

Postaxial Polydactyly Type A6

Leukoencephalopathy - Metaphyseal Chondrodysplasia Syndrome

Genetics of Photosensitivity (Photoparoxysmal Response): A Review Induction of epileptic negative myoclonus by oxcarbazepine in symptomatic epilepsy. [univis.uni-kiel.de]

Association of BRD2 polymorphisms with photoparoxysmal response Candidate gene analysis of the succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase gene (ALDH5A1) in patients with idiopathic [univis.uni-kiel.de]

The different patterns of the photoparoxysmal response--a genetic study. 1991 A genetically determined basic mechanism in benign partial epilepsies and related non-convulsive [univis.uni-kiel.de]

Idiopathic Hemiconvulsion-Hemiplegia Syndrome

response Increased epileptiform discharges in sleep state transitions Vaproate and levetiracetam good (lamotrigine can exacerbate myoclonus) – lifelong therapy Generalized [emilytam.com]

Intermittent photic stimulation will, in all subjects, show occipital or generalized photoparoxysmal responses [ 12, 16 ]. 4.5. [intechopen.com]

response can be seen years after seizures resolved Outcome favorable with early treatment (valproate) Childhood absence epilepsy (pyknolepsy) Onset 3-10 years (peak 6-7 years [emilytam.com]

Pfeiffer-Palm-Teller Syndrome

response; physician-patient relation; physician payment reform; posterior primary ramus; Price precipitation reaction PPr paraprosthetic PPRC Physician Payment Review Commission [health.am]

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis

A characteristic photoparoxysmal response on electroencephalogram provided an important clue for the correct diagnosis of late infantile neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis, which [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

EEGs revealed a photoparoxysmal response (PPR) on intermittent photic stimulation in 93% (13 of 14) of patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Response in Patients With Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis Type 2: Can EEG Be a Biomarker? [malacards.org]

Dentatorubral-Pallidoluysian Atrophy

In order to reveal the pathophysiology of photoparoxysmal responses (PPRs) in photosensitive patients with hereditary dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) who had [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Lethal Neonatal Spasticity - Epileptic Encephalopathy

response Increased epileptiform discharges in sleep state transitions Vaproate and levetiracetam good (lamotrigine can exacerbate myoclonus) – lifelong therapy Generalized [emilytam.com]

response can be seen years after seizures resolved Outcome favorable with early treatment (valproate) Childhood absence epilepsy (pyknolepsy) Onset 3-10 years (peak 6-7 years [emilytam.com]

– 3 years Positive family history in 30% Rare, brief seizures, normal EEG background Randomly or reflexively (photosensitive, startle), exaggerated by drowsiness and SWS Photoparoxysmal [emilytam.com]

Generalized Epilepsy with Febrile Seizures plus Type 4

The EEG may initially show focal spikes in the posterior derivations, but later, generalized spike–wave discharges develop in most individuals, and a photoparoxysmal response [clinicalgate.com]

Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy Type 6

Genetics of Photosensitivity (Photoparoxysmal Response: a Review). [neurologia-dziecieca.pl]

OBJECTIVE: To detect determinants for photoparoxysmal EEG response (PPR) in SCN1A-related Dravet syndrome (DS). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Photosensitive epilepsies and pathophysiologic mechanisms of the photoparoxysmal response. Neurology 1999;22:926-32. [Figure 1] [neurologyindia.com]

Isolated Autosomal Dominant Preauricular Tag 1

Familial Focal Epilepsy with Variable Foci

response Increased epileptiform discharges in sleep state transitions Vaproate and levetiracetam good (lamotrigine can exacerbate myoclonus) – lifelong therapy Generalized [emilytam.com]

Targeted and whole-exome sequencing in a cohort of 580 patients with photosensitive epilepsy or photoparoxysmal response as determined by EEG revealed an overrepresentation [genomemedicine.biomedcentral.com]

response can be seen years after seizures resolved Outcome favorable with early treatment (valproate) Childhood absence epilepsy (pyknolepsy) Onset 3-10 years (peak 6-7 years [emilytam.com]

Progeroid Syndrome Type Petty