Prolonged-immobilization: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for prolonged immobilization

Constipation

Am Fam Physician. 2005 Dec 1;72(11):2277-2284. A more recent article on constipation in older adults is available. Patient information: See related handout on constipation, written by the author of this article. Constipation is a common complaint in older adults. Although constipation is not a physiologic consequence of[…] [aafp.org]

Orthostatic Hypotension

Paraneoplastic neuropathies associated with leukemia are rare, and early diagnosis and treatment are crucial due to the potential for irreversible neurological deficits and delay in treatment of the leukemia. This is the first report to describe severe paraneoplastic orthostatic hypotension which resolved after[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pulmonary Embolism

Venous thromboembolism may result from prolong immobilization following intracerebral hemorrhage. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Examples of these include: Prolonged immobilization Extended travel (sitting in a car, airplane, train) Hospitalization or prolonged bed rest Surgery Increased blood clotting [medicinenet.com]

immobilization ( e.g., long travel) malignancy thrombophilia pregnancy hormonal contraceptives Etiology DVT (most common) septic embolism from right-heart endocarditis fat [medbullets.com]

Obstipation

Abstract Until now, no pathologic explanation could be found for the postoperative obstipation occurring in some patients with intestinal aganglionosis. Twenty-two of 108 infants treated for intestinal aganglionosis suffered from postoperative obstipation. Resected material from these 22 patients and from 17 control[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pressure Ulcer

Pressure sores are commonly seen among the very young or in the elderly who are admitted to the nursing homes and are immobile for prolonged periods of time. (1-5) Causes [news-medical.net]

[…] occurring in bedridden or immobile patients; decubitus ulcer. [pressureulcer.net]

Abstract Patients in an immobile state are susceptible to pressure ulcers, which are localized injuries to the skin and/or underlying tissues due to prolonged pressure. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hypercalcemia

Therefore, they are prone to the imbalance of osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity that occurs with prolonged immobilization, leading to hypercalcemia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Kidney failure, adrenal gland failure, hyperthyroidism, prolonged immobilization, use of a class of diuretics called thiazides, and ingestion of massive amounts of calcium [raysahelian.com]

Here we present the case of an infant with hypercalcemia who presented with fatigue, irritability, and failure to thrive after prolonged immobilization. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Musculoskeletal Lower Back Pain

Other causes of pain include postural strain, repetitive movements, overuse, and prolonged immobilization. [webmd.com]

Poor posture or prolonged immobilization can also cause musculoskeletal pain. What are the symptoms of musculoskeletal pain? [my.clevelandclinic.org]

Osteopenia and Osteoporosis

March 24, 2009; 72 (12) Articles First published March 23, 2009, DOI: This article requires a subscription to view the full text. If you have a subscription you may use the login form below to view the article. Access to this article can also be purchased. Abstract Objective: Causes of benign positional vertigo (BPV)[…] [n.neurology.org]

Thrombophlebitis

immobilization surgery/trauma obesity hypercoagulable states, e.g. factor V Leiden thrombophilia 5 oral contraceptive use past history SVT or DVT intravenous cannula use [radiopaedia.org]

In addition, there are a number of major risk factors for DVT, including prolonged immobilization (eg, bed rest during illness), previous DVT and/or embolism, the presence [empr.com]

[…] overlap with the causes of DVT 4: varicose veins (most common) morphological changes that predispose to stasis and consequently to the development of thrombotic process prolonged [radiopaedia.org]

Miliaria

Miliaria is a self-resolving disorder of the eccrine sweat glands caused by blockage of the sweat ducts resulting in the leakage of eccrine sweat into epidermis or dermis. In addition to known predisposing factors such as heat, humidity, and fever, a few drugs (eg, isotretinoin and bethanechol) can also precipitate[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

West Nile Encephalitis

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article reviews recent developments in West Nile encephalitis. Because of the large number of individuals infected in the United States, an expanded spectrum of the disease has been recognized. Flaccid paralysis presenting as poliomyelitis-like syndrome is being increasingly recognized. RECENT[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Superficial Phlebitis

immobilization surgery/trauma obesity hypercoagulable states, e.g. factor V Leiden thrombophilia 5 oral contraceptive use past history SVT or DVT intravenous cannula use [radiopaedia.org]

immobilization, i.e. long plane flights, or car rides in addition to post surgical settings when walking is delayed due to pain or casting Malignancy/cancer What are the [veindirectory.org]

immobilization), increased thrombotic tendency (malignancy, coagulation disorder, hormonal therapy) or a combination of these. [ebm-guidelines.com]

Radial Head Fracture

More prolonged immobilization is not recommended and can lead to more problems resulting from the stiffness of the joint. [orthopedics.about.com]

Stiffness or contracture may occur secondary to prolonged immobilization of the elbow; therefore, it is essential to start active motion as early as possible. [orthopaedicsone.com]

[…] followed by early ROM indications isolated minimally displaced fractures with no mechanical blocks ( Mason Type I ) outcomes elbow stiffness with prolonged immobilization [orthobullets.com]

Olecranon Bursitis

Minimizing the gliding across the bursa may help control the bursitis, but in general the elbow is apt to get stiff when immobilized; as such, prolonged immobilization should [orthopaedicsone.com]

Rhabdomyolysis

immobilization after a fall or lying unconscious on a hard surface during illness or while under the influence of alcohol or medication Electrical shock injury, lightning [webmd.com]

Other causes include infections, electrical injury, heat stroke, prolonged immobilization, lack of blood flow to a limb, or snake bites. [en.wikipedia.org]

In the first category, causes include: A crush injury such as from an auto accident, fall, or building collapse Long-lasting muscle compression such as that caused by prolonged [webmd.com]

Acute Alcohol Intoxication

To evaluate for evidence of prolonged immobilization, rhabdomyolysis and risk of renal injury. Complete blood count. [clinicaladvisor.com]

May-Thurner Syndrome

A predilection for this disorder is seen in young women in their 2nd to 4th decades, usually after prolonged immobilization or pregnancy. [radiopaedia.org]

A predilection for this disorder is seen in young women in their 2 nd to 4 th decades, usually after prolonged immobilization or pregnancy. [radiopaedia.org]

immobilization, dehydration, contractive therapy, surgical procedures for abdominal, gynecological, or spinal pathology, multiple pregnancies, and postpartum conditions [ [tcmjmed.com]

Frozen Shoulder

In general, people with diabetes, thyroid disorders, other hormone problems, or conditions that result in prolonged immobilization of the shoulder are at a higher risk of [jeremyburnhammd.com]

Frozen shoulder can also develop after a prolonged immobilization because of trauma or surgery to the joint. [newportortho.com]

People who have thyroid disease, diabetes, an autoimmune disease, and/or injury, stroke, heart attack, or prolonged immobilization are also at higher risk. [hss.edu]

Muscle Strain

immobilization. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] especially in clinical sports medicine, is to minimize inactivity-induced atrophy as well as loss of strength and extensibility, which are rapidly appearing adverse sequelae of prolonged [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Fracture

Prolonged immobilization of the wrist may restrict its range of motion and limit daily activities. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Loss of function may be caused by prolonged immobilization, by heavy scarring after severe injury or infection, or by injury to motor nerves. [britannica.com]

Elbow Fracture

Treatment of severe distal humeral fractures fails because of either displacement or nonunion at the supracondylar level or stiffness resulting from prolonged immobilization [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment type Undisplaced fractures Joint damage- prolonged immobilization will certainly result in a stiff elbow. Early movement is a prime objective. [slideshare.net]

If treatment requires prolonged immobilization of the elbow, your shoulder may become somewhat stiff because you will not be using the joint normally. [midwestbonejoint.com]

Fibroma

immobilization, and the ability to multi-stage stem necrosis in the transfer process due to lack of blood supply to the axis, which brought great inconvenience to the patient [fasebj.org]

Partial resection of the pelvis with subsequent reconstruction can lead to prolonged immobilization and persistence of pain [10]. [openorthopaedicsjournal.com]

regardless of gender and age of the patient.Introduction: The use of pedicled flap helped to avoid the negative aspects of the classical "Italian" rhinoplasty, such as prolonged [fasebj.org]

Ileus

This condition should be considered in elderly patients with prolonged immobilization or neurodegenerative diseases. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This may explain the association between loss of weight or of prolonged immobilization and the onset of symptoms from duodenal ileus. [pubs.rsna.org]

This results in prolonged hospitalisation and increased medical costs. [cochrane.org]

Cold Exposure

[…] periods of time. [19] It may occur at ambient temperatures near or slightly above freezing and is usually associated with dependency and immobilization of the lower extremities [emedicine.medscape.com]

[…] foot, a disease of the sympathetic nerves and blood vessels in the feet, is observed in shipwreck survivors or in soldiers whose feet have been wet, but not freezing, for prolonged [emedicine.medscape.com]

Coagulation Abnormalities

A number of events such as sclerotherapy, surgery, bone fracture, prolonged immobilization and pregnancy or menstruation triggered conversion of the LIC to disseminated intravascular [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Esophagitis

Patients who undergo prolonged periods of recumbency (eg, ventilator-dependent patients, patients who have had a stroke, and immobile nursing home residents) are also prone [archivesofpathology.org]

Obesity

Sedentary lifestyle and prolonged immobilization are additional prothrombotic risk factors that are often associated with obesity. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

prolonged video game use. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We present four cases of adolescents who developed life-threatening venous thromboembolic events in the setting of obesity, sedentary lifestyle and/or immobilization, and [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Contusion

Controlled early motion and therapy for the involved limb decreases the effects of prolonged immobilization, which include stiffness, muscle atrophy, weakness and a longer [rocmd.com]

Recurrent Thrombophlebitis due to Hereditary Disorders

[…] pancreas, colon, rectum, kidney, prostate) 5) Blood dyscrasias (myeloproliferative disorders) 6) Hyperviscosity (Multiple myeloma, polycythemia, leukemia, sickle cell) 7) Prolonged [quizlet.com]

In addition, there are a number of major risk factors for DVT, including prolonged immobilization (eg, bed rest during illness), previous DVT and/or embolism, the presence [empr.com]

Some common risk markers include recent surgery or pregnancy, prolonged immobilization, and underlying malignancy. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Accidental Hypothermia

We report the case of a 77-year-old man, in whom accidental hypothermia was secondary to prolonged immobilization and malnutrition. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

immobilization and malnutrition. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The diagnosis of hypothermia is easy in patients with a history of prolonged exposure to a cold environment but accidental hypothermia may also occur as a consequence of prolonged [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]