Pruritus: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for Pruritus

Atopic Dermatitis

[…] been used in clinic to relieve pruritus of atopic dermatitis patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Key search terms included: atopic dermatitis, pruritus, and IL-31. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] remains as unmet needs mainly due to the distinctive multifactorial pathogenesis of pruritus in atopic dermatitis. [doi.org]

Vaginitis

Vaginal discharge, sometimes bloody, and pruritus are the most common symptoms. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Discharge due to vaginitis is accompanied by pruritus, erythema, and sometimes burning, pain, or mild bleeding. Pruritus may interfere with sleep. [merckmanuals.com]

CASE REPORT: A 48-year-old postmenopausal woman, with a history of hysterectomy with several comorbidities, presented with a 4-month history of bloody discharge and vulvar pruritus [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cholestatic Jaundice

Pruritus is the least in the morning as pruritus factor is stored in gallbladder overnight during the morning. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Medical Management Pruritus In cases of obstructive physiology, pruritus is relieved within 24 to 48 hours of biliary decompression. For other cases. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prominent features of cholestasis are pruritus and malabsorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hemorrhoids

Table 7 Distribution of pruritus ani stages in 317 patients with pruritus ani and comparison of pruritus ani stages in 155 patients with exclusive pruritus ani vs.162 patients [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pruritus ani: a practical approach. Surg Clin North Am. 1978; 58 :505–512. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] 84. Daniel GL, Longo WE, Vernava AM 3rd. Pruritus ani. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

PRURITUS ANI Pruritus ani is a symptom complex, not a disease. It is a common but socially embarrassing condition. [dx.doi.org]

Pityriasis Circinata

Except for mild pruritus, pityriasis rosea is asymptomatic. [amboss.com]

Most children do not experience intense pruritus (Fig. 84.3) [62]. [plasticsurgerykey.com]

The peak incidence that we saw in April and May has been described in the literature. 6 Pruritus has been reported in 25% to 94% of patients. 6, 7 Our finding of pruritus [jamanetwork.com]

Contact Dermatitis

Ignoring other conditions can prolong pruritus unnecessarily. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We describe two cases of acute-onset erythema, peeling, and pruritus or tenderness isolated to the palmar surface of the hands. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Genital ACD can present acutely with erythematous erosions and pruritus or chronically with lichenification. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cholestasis

Intractable pruritus of cholestasis leads to significant morbidity. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract Accumulation of bile acids can lead to invalidating pruritus in cholestatic patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The pruritus of cholestasis is a maddening complication of liver disease. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Tinea Pedis

Improvements in patient quality of life (pruritus) and patient preference were measured using the pruritus visual analog scale (VAS), Skindex-16, and patient preference questionnaires [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The pruritus visual analog scale (VAS) was used to assess the subjective symptom of itching. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Patients showed rapid improvement in pruritus as early as week 2, and at six weeks' follow up, all patients were free of erythema while 93.8 percent were free of pruritus; [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

Jaundice and pruritus. Right upper quadrant abdominal pain. Fatigue, weight loss, fevers and sweats. [patient.info]

A comprehensive article on pruritus is as follows: "Pruritus" (American Family Physician). [psc-literature.org]

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of bile ducts..Patients with PSC usually presents with fatigue, jaundice and pruritus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Urticaria

Pruritus is a common symptom of primary skin diseases including allergic contact dermatitis. [dentalcare.com]

Two trials demonstrated significant elimination of pruritus with second- or third-generation antihistamine treatment vs placebo (OR, 10.44; 95% CI, 4.39 to 24.84). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In some physical urticarias the pruritus and wealing showed disproportionate improvement compared to erythema. [karger.com]

Drug Eruptions

Drug avoidance is the mainstay of treatment, and antihistamines can reduce associated pruritus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Fixed drug eruption was the commonest reaction, seen in 61 patients; other reactions being urticaria and angioedema,morbilliform rash in 37, pruritus in 25, Stevens Johnson [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] the reasons for the observed pruritus in two and three patients, respectively. [ijdvl.com]

Psychogenic Pruritus

pruritus pruritus 1650s, from L. pruritus, from prurire вЂњto itch.вЂќ Related: Pruritic. Etymology dictionary. 2014. [etymology.enacademic.com]

Pruritus, Second edition addresses the new concepts and discoveries that have modified our understanding of this condition. [books.google.com]

— Klassifikation nach ICD 10 L29 Pruritus F45.8 Sonstige somatoforme Störungen Psychogener Pruritus … Deutsch Wikipedia Pruritus — Itching. [etymology.enacademic.com]

Kounis Syndrome

Generalized pruritus and flushing immediately developed and was treated with intravenous diphenhydramine. [cmaj.ca]

Treatment for anaphylaxis was initiated with intravenous hydrocortisone, diphenhydramine, and famotidine with improvement in pruritus, dyspnea, and chest discomfort. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The most commonly reported adverse events were periorbital oedema (1,339), pruritus (1,223), orbital oedema (828), urticarial (594) and rash (532)7. [npra.gov.my]

Fungal Otitis Externa

These patients had been referred to us for evaluation of chronic, mostly treatment-refractory otitis externa, which had manifested as otorrhea, otalgia, and/or pruritus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Infection leads to an inflammatory response causing erythema and oedema of the epithelium, with resulting otalgia, pruritus and jaw pain. [drnirmalpatel.com]

Pruritus is more marked than with other forms of ear infections and discharge is often a marked feature. [patient.info]

Bullous Pemphigoid

Three (20.0%) of 15 patients had only pruritus without primary skin lesions (pruritus sine materia). [jamanetwork.com]

Mean time to pruritus was similar for pembrolizumab and nivolumab at 19 and 21 weeks, respectively. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract The number of elderly patients with chronic pruritus has been gradually increasing in aging countries. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Scabies

Severe itching (pruritus), especially at night, is the earliest and most common symptom of scabies. [cdc.gov]

Pruritus may be absent and typical scabies lesions may be concealed due to the preexisting disease, resulting in delayed diagnosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Itching (pruritus) may be absent in crusted scabies because of a patient’s altered immune status or neurological condition. [cdc.gov]

Primary Biliary Cirrhosis

Review of medical records and scientific literature of plasma exchange and pruritus in primary biliary cirrhosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Intense pruritus can be itself an indication to liver transplantation, in extreme cases leading to suicide. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pharmacological inhibition of IBAT with GSK2330672 may reduce BA levels in the systemic circulation and improve pruritus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Drug-Induced Cholestatic Hepatitis

References Bunchorntavakul C, Reddy KR: Pruritus in chronic cholestatic liver disease. Clin Liver Dis 2012;16: 331–346. [karger.com]

Patients should be specifically asked about the presence of pruritus. In general, pruritus presents earlier in cases of intrahepatic cholestasis. [hepatitis.va.gov]

Signs and symptoms [ edit ] Itchiness ( pruritus ). [en.wikipedia.org]

Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis

Biliary diversion offers a potential option for intractable pruritus in children with chronic cholestatic disorders. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pruritus secondary to increased bile salts in the serum may not respond to medical treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] month at 200 mg/kg/day and the next month at 350 mg/kg/day but partially restored BSEP expression at the canalicular membrane and significantly improved liver tests and pruritus [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Lichen Sclerosus

Micheline Moyal-Barracco, Pruritus Vulvae, Pruritus, 10.1007/978-1-84882-322-8_37, (243-252), (2009). Paul D. [doi.org]

Intense and recalcitrant pruritus is a symptomatic hallmark of LS. [liebertpub.com]

[…] the characteristic clinical presentation and is preferably confirmed with histologic features of a 3-mm punch biopsy. 3 Several other disorders that present with vulvar pruritus [clinicaladvisor.com]

Exfoliative Dermatitis

A 77-yr-old Japanese man presented with a 3-mo history of erythematous eruptions with pruritus over almost the entire body. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Symptoms include pruritus, widespread erythema, and epidermal sloughing. Diagnosis is clinical. [merckmanuals.com]

The eruptions with pruritus resolved within 1 wk after the operation. This is the first report, to our knowledge, of coincident biliary malignancy and erythroderma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Papular Urticaria

Symptoms Multiple, clustered papules and pruritus are characteristic for PU. [symptoma.com]

Patient who develop intense pruritus is treated with potent topical glucocorticoids. Persistent case of pruritus is treated with oral glucocorticoids. [medicalrealm.net]

Multiple bites and local pruritus are characteristic symptoms. Treatment is usually symptomatic and includes antihistamines and corticosteroids. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Intrahepatic Cholestasis

Pruritus improved in 75/98 (76.5%) patients, and totally disappeared before delivery in 25/98 (25.5%). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We present two cases of pregnancy after IVF treatment diagnosed with ICP following the development of OHSS, deteriorating liver function tests and severe pruritus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Results: The diagnosis of ICP is based on symptoms of pruritus that typically include the palms and soles, as well as elevated bile acid levels. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cholestasis of Pregnancy

[…] cholestasis of pregnancy intrahepatic cholestasis with centrilobular bile staining without inflammatory cells or proliferation of mesenchymal cells; clinically characterized by pruritus [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

These are deposited within the skin, causing intense pruritus. [flipper.diff.org]

[…] or with pruritus with cholestasis important. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]

Extrahepatic Cholestasis

On two occasions, administration of the drug was associated with a decrease of jaundice, pruritus, and serum bile acid levels. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In contrast, phenobarbital had no effect on serum bile salts, bilirubin, 131 I-Rose Bengal excretion and pruritus in a child with extrahepatic biliary obstruction. [nejm.org]

Pruritus One very common clinical consequence of cholestasis is pruritus. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Polycythemia Vera

The mean intensity of aquagenic pruritus was 4.8 ± 1.9 points (visual analogue scale). One-third of patients with aquagenic pruritus avoided any contact with water. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A detailed MEDLINE search for all English language articles related to PV, PV-associated pruritus and aquagenic pruritus that were published from 1965 till date was carried [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The characteristic temperature-dependent pruritus in polycythemia vera (PV) is described. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prurigo Nodularis

This is linked with a neuronal hyperplasia of sensory nerve fibers that are involved with the genesis of pruritus. [klinikum.uni-muenster.de]

One must consider underlying causes of pruritus, which may include psychiatric disorders and internal disease. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract Presentation Pruritus is the Latin word for itch. Pruritus is a subjective symptom. [link.springer.com]

Sézary Syndrome

Serum IL-31 levels were low but differed between groups with no or strong pruritus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Importantly, serum VEGF-A levels positively correlated with markers for pruritus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

By week 40, intractable pruritus and erythroderma abruptly recurred, and bexarotene was discontinued. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Urticaria Pigmentosa

These wheals are associated with strong pruritus. Occasionally, they may appear to be filled with fluid. [symptoma.com]

Treatment with sodium cromoglycate, cetirizine, ranitidine and probiotics resulted in pruritus alleviation, improvement of appetite and sleeping as well as increase of body [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pruritus and quality of life improved considerably by the end of treatment, and the improvement was maintained during the 6-month follow up. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cutaneous Candidiasis

The candidiasis was congenital; the 15-year-old mother had had vulvar pruritus prior to delivery. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

One vehicle-treated patient developed itching; six sulconazole- and three miconazole-treated patients developed erythema and/or pruritus, which was mild and transient. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Perianal candidiasis produces white maceration and pruritus ani. Vulvovaginal candidiasis causes pruritus and discharge (see Candidal Vaginitis ). [merckmanuals.com]